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The product of this gene specifies an erythroid-specific mitochondrially located enzyme. The encoded protein catalyzes the first step in the heme biosynthetic pathway. Defects in this gene cause X-linked pyridoxine-responsive sideroblastic anemia. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified.[7]
Its gene contains an IRE in its 5'-UTR region on which an IRP binds if the iron level is too low, thus inhibiting its translation.
Han L, Zhong Y, Huang B, Han L, Pan L, Xu X, Wang X, Huang B, Lu J (2008). "Sodium butyrate activates erythroid-specific 5-aminolevulinate synthase gene through Sp1 elements at its promoter". Blood Cells, Molecules & Diseases. 41 (2): 148–53. doi:10.1016/j.bcmd.2008.04.002. PMID18555711.
Kaneko K, Furuyama K, Aburatani H, Shibahara S (Mar 2009). "Hypoxia induces erythroid-specific 5-aminolevulinate synthase expression in human erythroid cells through transforming growth factor-beta signaling". The FEBS Journal. 276 (5): 1370–82. doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.06878.x. PMID19187226.
Cox TC, Sadlon TJ, Schwarz QP, Matthews CS, Wise PD, Cox LL, Bottomley SS, May BK (Feb 2004). "The major splice variant of human 5-aminolevulinate synthase-2 contributes significantly to erythroid heme biosynthesis". The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology. 36 (2): 281–95. doi:10.1016/S1357-2725(03)00246-2. PMID14643893.
Harigae H, Furuyama K, Kudo K, Hayashi N, Yamamoto M, Sassa S, Sasaki T (Oct 1999). "A novel mutation of the erythroid-specific gamma-Aminolevulinate synthase gene in a patient with non-inherited pyridoxine-responsive sideroblastic anemia". American Journal of Hematology. 62 (2): 112–4. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8652(199910)62:2<112::AID-AJH9>3.0.CO;2-L. PMID10577279.
Hurford MT, Marshall-Taylor C, Vicki SL, Zhou JZ, Silverman LM, Rezuke WN, Altman A, Tsongalis GJ (Jul 2002). "A novel mutation in exon 5 of the ALAS2 gene results in X-linked sideroblastic anemia". Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry. 321 (1–2): 49–53. doi:10.1016/S0009-8981(02)00095-5. PMID12031592.
Bekri S, May A, Cotter PD, Al-Sabah AI, Guo X, Masters GS, Bishop DF (Jul 2003). "A promoter mutation in the erythroid-specific 5-aminolevulinate synthase (ALAS2) gene causes X-linked sideroblastic anemia". Blood. 102 (2): 698–704. doi:10.1182/blood-2002-06-1623. PMID12663458.
Cazzola M, May A, Bergamaschi G, Cerani P, Ferrillo S, Bishop DF (Dec 2002). "Absent phenotypic expression of X-linked sideroblastic anemia in one of 2 brothers with a novel ALAS2 mutation". Blood. 100 (12): 4236–8. doi:10.1182/blood-2002-03-0685. PMID12393718.
Sussman NL, Lee PL, Dries AM, Schwartz MR, Barton JC (2008). "Multi-organ iron overload in an African-American man with ALAS2 R452S and SLC40A1 R561G". Acta Haematologica. 120 (3): 168–73. doi:10.1159/000181183. PMID19066423.
Lee PL, Barton JC, Rao SV, Acton RT, Adler BK, Beutler E (2006). "Three kinships with ALAS2 P520L (c. 1559 C --> T) mutation, two in association with severe iron overload, and one with sideroblastic anemia and severe iron overload". Blood Cells, Molecules & Diseases. 36 (2): 292–7. doi:10.1016/j.bcmd.2005.12.004. PMID16446107.
Rabstein S, Unfried K, Ranft U, Illig T, Kolz M, Mambetova C, Vlad M, Roman C, Weiss T, Becker D, Brüning T, Pesch B (2008). "Lack of association of delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase polymorphisms with blood lead levels and hemoglobin in Romanian women from a lead-contaminated region". Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part A. 71 (11–12): 716–24. doi:10.1080/15287390801985190. PMID18569569.
Abu-Farha M, Niles J, Willmore WG (Oct 2005). "Erythroid-specific 5-aminolevulinate synthase protein is stabilized by low oxygen and proteasomal inhibition". Biochemistry and Cell Biology = Biochimie Et Biologie Cellulaire. 83 (5): 620–30. doi:10.1139/o05-045. PMID16234850.