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Aegus chelifer

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Aegus chelifer
A. c. chelifer male
A. c. chelifer female
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Arthropoda
Class:
Insecta
Order:
Coleoptera
Suborder:
Polyphaga
Superfamily:
Tenebrionoidea
Family:
Lucanidae
Genus:
Aegus
Species:
A. chelifer
Binomial name
Aegus chelifer
Macleay, 1819
Synonyms
  • Aegus specularis Jakovlev, 1900

Aegus chelifer, is a species of stag beetle found in Indo-Malaya regional countries.[1][2]

Distribution

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It is a widespread species of stag beetles found extensively throughout Indo-Malayan regions, west of Wallace's line, including: India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka,[3] Andaman and Nicobar islands, Myanmar, Thailand, Singapore,[4] Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, Malayan peninsula, Sumatra and Borneo. However, the species was recently found from Seychelles and Madagascar as an introduced species. The major cause for this is the dispersal event of large number of floating tree trunks from coastal forests of South East Asia which were carried westward by the South Equatorial Current during 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami.[5]

Description

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Body length is about 15.0 to 39.5 mm.[6] This species shows great intraspecific variation in their body sizes.[7] Males can be divided into two morphs based on their mandible size as minor and major morphs.[8]

Biology

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A saproxylic species, adults and grubs are generally found in deadwood of broadleaf trees, under bark or fallen tree trunks, in forest patches near human settlements and firewood heaps. Male stag beetles usually involve aggressive behavior using their long mandibles to compete with rival males over females.[9][10] Grubs are almost found within decaying wood or other decomposing substrates, where they feed on materials rich in fungal growth.[11]

Subspecies

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Six subspecies have been identified.[12]

  • Aegus chelifer chelifer Macleay, 1819
  • Aegus chelifer crassodontus Bomans, 1992
  • Aegus chelifer kandiensis (Hope & Westwood, 1845)
  • Aegus chelifer nitidus Boileau, 1899
  • Aegus chelifer roepstorffi Waterhouse, 1890
  • Aegus chelifer tonkinensis Kriesche, 1920
[edit]
  • male
    male
  • female
    female

References

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  1. ^ Nut Songvorawit, Chulalongkorn University; Buntika Areekul Butcher, Chulalongkorn University; Chatchawan Chaisuekul, Chulalongkorn University (2018). "Captive breeding reveals larval performance and adult body size differences between two geographical populations of the stag beetle Aegus chelifer chelifer (Coleoptera: Lucanidae)". Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology. Retrieved 2021-07-29.
  2. ^ Leung, Tsz Kin Calvin; Bonebrake, Timothy C. (2021). "Abundance, distribution and substrate association of Hong Kong stag beetles (Coleoptera: Lucanidae) in secondary forests". Insect Conservation and Diversity. 14 (5): 609–619. doi:10.1111/icad.12492. S2CID 233713215. Retrieved 2021-07-29.
  3. ^ "The National Red List 2012 of Sri Lanka; Conservation Status of the Fauna and Flora". Ministry of Environment in Sri Lanka. Retrieved 2021-07-25.
  4. ^ Seow-En, Isaac; Khoo, James Hian Ze (2021). "Biodiversity Record: The stag beetle, Aegus chelifer, at the Sungei Tengah area" (PDF). Nature in Singapore. 14: 12. doi:10.26107/NIS-2021-0041. Retrieved 2021-07-29.
  5. ^ "Aegus chelifer Macleay 1819, an Asian stag beetle (Coleoptera Lucanidae) invading the Seychelles Islands: a threat for endemic saproxylic species?". Tropical Zoology 23(2):173-180. Retrieved 2021-07-26.
  6. ^ "Aegus chelifer". www.kaefer-der-welt.de. Retrieved 2021-07-29.
  7. ^ Songvorawit, Nut; Butcher, Buntika Areekul; Chaisuekul, Chatchawan (2018-06-01). "Captive breeding reveals larval performance and adult body size differences between two geographical populations of the stag beetle Aegus chelifer chelifer (Coleoptera: Lucanidae)". Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology. 21 (2): 708–715. doi:10.1016/j.aspen.2018.04.001. S2CID 90949472.
  8. ^ Songvorawit, Nut; Butcher, Buntika Areekul; Chaisuekul, Chatchawan (2017-09-01). "Different allometric intercepts in major Aegus chelifer chelifer stag beetle males from urban and forest habitats". Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology. 20 (3): 835–839. doi:10.1016/j.aspen.2017.05.011. Retrieved 2021-07-29.
  9. ^ Songvorawit, Nut; Butcher, Buntika Areekul; Chaisuekul, Chatchawan (2018-07-01). "Resource Holding Potential and the Outcome of Aggressive Interactions between Paired Male Aegus chelifer chelifer (Coleoptera: Lucanidae) Stag Beetles". Journal of Insect Behavior. 31 (4): 347–360. doi:10.1007/s10905-018-9683-z. S2CID 254693037. Retrieved 2021-07-29.
  10. ^ Songvorawit, Nut; Butcher, Buntika Areekul; Chaisuekul, Chatchawan (2019-12-01). "Size Does Not Matter: Same-Sex Sexual Behavior Occurred Regardless of Mandible Size in Male Stag Beetle Aegus chelifer chelifer (Coleoptera: Lucanidae)". Journal of Insect Behavior. 32 (4–6): 282–289. doi:10.1007/s10905-019-09733-w. S2CID 208060528. Retrieved 2021-07-29.
  11. ^ Huang, Ta-I (2018). "Diversity and Ecology of Stag Beetles (Lucanidae)". In Ulyshen, Michael D. (ed.). Saproxylic Insects. Zoological Monographs. Vol. 1. Springer International Publishing. pp. 149–165. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-75937-1_4. ISBN 978-3-319-75936-4. Retrieved 2021-07-29.
  12. ^ "Aegus chelifer Macleay, 1819". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 2021-07-29.


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