Aeropyrum pernix
| Aeropyrum pernix | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Archaea |
| Kingdom: | Proteoarchaeota |
| Superphylum: | TACK group |
| Phylum: | Thermoproteota |
| Class: | Thermoprotei |
| Order: | Desulfurococcales |
| Family: | Desulfurococcaceae |
| Genus: | Aeropyrum |
| Species: | A. pernix
|
| Binomial name | |
| Aeropyrum pernix Sako et al. 1996
| |
Aeropyrum pernix is a species of extremophile archaea in the archaeal phylum Thermoproteota. It is an obligatorily thermophilic species. The first specimens were isolated from sediments in the sea off the coast of Japan.
Discovery
[edit]Aeropyrum pernix was the first strictly aerobic hyperthermophilic Archaea to be discovered. It was originally isolated from heated marine sediments and venting water collected in 1996 from a solfataric vent at Kodakara-jima island in Kyūshū, Japan.[1]
Genome structure
[edit]Its complete genome was sequenced in 1999 and is 1,669 kilobases in size, with 2,694 possible genes detected.[2] All of the genes in the TCA cycle were found except for that of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase. In its place, the genes coding for the two subunits of 2-oxoacid:ferredoxin oxidoreductase were identified.
Properties
[edit]The cells of Aeropyrum pernix are spherical in shape and approximately 1 μm in diameter. The envelope surrounding the cells of Aeropyrum is about 25 nm wide. The organisms grows at temperature between 70 and 100 °C (optimum, 90 to 95 °C), at pH 5 to 9 (optimum, pH 7), and at a salinity of 1.8 to 7% (optimum, 3.5% salinity). The growth of the organisms is not detected at 68 or 102 °C. Below 1.5% salinity, cells lyse by low osmotic shock. The cells of the organisms are sensitive to chloramphenicol and insensitive to ampicillin, vancomycin, and cycloserine. It grows well on proteinaceous substances, with a doubling time under these conditions of about 200 minutes.[1] This species lacks the genes for purine nucleotide biosynthesis and thus relies on environmental sources to meet its purine requirements.[3]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Sako Y, Nomura N, Uchida A, et al. (1996). "Aeropyrum pernix gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel aerobic hyperthermophilic archaeon growing at temperatures up to 100 degrees C". Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 46 (4): 1070–7. doi:10.1099/00207713-46-4-1070. PMID 8863437.
- ^ Kawarabayasi Y, Hino Y, Horikawa H, et al. (1999). "Complete genome sequence of an aerobic hyper-thermophilic crenarchaeon, Aeropyrum pernix K1". DNA Res. 6 (2): 83–101, 145–52. doi:10.1093/dnares/6.2.83. PMID 10382966.
- ^ Brown, Anne M; Hoopes, Samantha L; White, Robert H; Sarisky, Catherine A (2011-12-14). "Purine biosynthesis in archaea: variations on a theme". Biology Direct. 6: 63. doi:10.1186/1745-6150-6-63. ISSN 1745-6150. PMC 3261824. PMID 22168471.
Further reading
[edit]- Bhuiya, Mohammad Wadud; Suryadi, Jimmy; Zhou, Zholi; Brown, Bernard Andrew II (5 August 2013). "Structure of the Aeropyrum pernix L7Ae multifunctional protein and insight into its extreme thermostability". Acta Crystallographica Section F. 69 (Pt 9): 979–988. doi:10.1107/S1744309113021799. PMC 3758144. PMID 23989144.
- Daifuku, Takashi; Yoshida, Takashi; Takayuki, Kitamura; Kawaichi, Satoshi; Inoue, Takahiro; Nomura, Keigo; Yoshida, Yui; Kuno, Sotaro; Sako, Yoshihiko (19 July 2013). "Variation of the Virus-Related Elements within Syntenic Genomes of the Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Aeropyrum". Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 79 (19): 5891–8. Bibcode:2013ApEnM..79.5891D. doi:10.1128/AEM.01089-13. PMC 3811351. PMID 23872576.
- Lee, Pyung Cheon; Mijts, Benjamin N.; Petri, Ralf; Watts, Kevin T.; Schmidt-Dannert, Claudia (16 June 2004). "Alteration of product specificity of Aeropyrum pernix farnesylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (Fgs) by directed evolution". Protein Engineering Design & Selection. 17 (11): 771–777. doi:10.1093/protein/gzh089. PMID 15548566.
- Ota, Ajda; Gmajner, Dejan; Sentijurc, Marjeta; Ulrih, Natasa Poklar (13 April 2012). "Effect of Growth Medium pH of Aeropyrum peering on Structural Properties and Fluidity of Archaeosomes". Archaea. 2012: 9. doi:10.1155/2012/285152. PMC 3384975. PMID 22778670.
- Sakuraba, Haruhiko; Satoura, Takenori; Kawakam, Ryushi; Kim, Kwang; Kara, Yusuke; Yoneda, Kazunari; Ohshima, Toshihisa (April 16, 2012). "Crystal Structure of Novel Dye- linked L-Proline Dehydrogenase from Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Aeropyrum Pernix". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 287 (24): 20070–20080. doi:10.1074/jbc.M111.319038. PMC 3370190. PMID 22511758.