Agen Cathedral
| Agen Cathedral | |
|---|---|
.JPG) Agen Cathedral | |
 | |
| Location | Agen, Lot-et-Garonne |
| Country |  France |
| Denomination | Roman Catholic |
| History | |
| Dedication | Saint Caprasius |
| Architecture | |
| Architectural type | Romanesque and Gothic |
| Administration | |
| Diocese | Agen |
| Clergy | |
| Bishop(s) | Hubert Herbreteau |
Agen Cathedral (French: Cathédrale Saint-Caprais d'Agen) is a Roman Catholic cathedral located in Agen, Lot-et-Garonne, Aquitaine, France. It is dedicated to Saint Caprasius. It was built in the 12th century as a collegiate church and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
The cathedral was listed as an historic monument in 1863.[1] Situated on one of four pilgrims' ways towards Santiago de Compostela[n 1], Spain, its World Heritage Site status falls under the category of Routes of Santiago de Compostela in France.
History
Agen Cathedral's visible structure dates back to the 12th century, when it was built as a collegiate church of canons dedicated to Saint Caprasius of Agen (French: Saint Caprais), on the foundations of a basilica sacked by the Normans in 853 but thereafter restored. It was sacked again in December 1561 during the Wars of Religion.
At the onset of the French Revolution in 1789 the church lost its religious function and was used instead as a fodder store before being reopened in 1796. It was elevated to the status of the cathedral of the diocese of Agen in 1801, replacing the former cathedral dedicated to Saint Stephen (Saint Étienne), which was destroyed during the Revolution.
The cathedral appears in one of the earliest color photographs ever taken by Louis Arthur Ducos du Hauron in 1877.
In 1998 this monument along the World Heritage Site route was among the first 75 designated, with three following the year after.[2]
Organs
The main organ built by Stoltz featured in the Universal Exposition of 1855 in Paris,[3] according to legend, offered by the Empress Eugénie in 1858 to the cathedral of Agen that hitherto had no instrument. It is the largest instrument in the department of Lot-et-Garonne, with 45 registers spread over three manuals and a pedal-board. It is a nationally listed historical monument and so too is the choir organ built by the makers Magen in 1885, with 15 registers, two manuals and a pedal-board.[4]
Architecture
As with many churches in southern France, its plan is the form of a Latin cross. The nave dates from the 13th century.
Interesting architectural features include the Romanesque apse which is extended by a Gothic frame along a single nave. Replacing an old wooden bell tower, the current tower was built in 1835 at the behest of Bishop Lévézou de Vezins and has the peculiarity of being composed of three Gothic styles, curiously presented in reverse chronological order, ascending.
The paintings on the walls and ceilings represent the history of the coming of Christianity to the region. A centrepiece is given to the first martyrs of Agen. Other paintings are by series: the Evangelists, the Apostles, the patriarchs (Abraham, Noah ...) and the great kings of Israel.
The cathedral's nave is much shorter than might be expected judging from the size of the chancel: this was the consequence of earlier political and financial difficulties.
Gallery
-
Interior -
Chancel ceiling -
Chancel and north transept -
Interior -
Main organ -
![Cul-de-lampe, north transept[5]](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Cul.de.lampe.cathedrale.Agen.png/73px-Cul.de.lampe.cathedrale.Agen.png)
Cul-de-lampe, north transept[5]
![Cul-de-lampe, north transept[5]](/wiki/File:Cul.de.lampe.cathedrale.Agen.png)
External links
Notes and references
- Notes
- ^ The English, now more historic, versions are: Saint James of Compostela/Compostella
- References
- ^ Template:Fr icon French Department of Culture Base Merimee Retrieved 19.02.2013
- ^ UNESCO World Heritage Site list of locations along the four routes
- ^ Template:Fr icon Catholic Church in Lot-et-Garonne: the Great Organ of the Cathedral of Agen (pdf)
- ^ Template:Fr icon Base Palissy, French Department of Culture Retrieved 19.02.2013
- ^ Template:Fr icon Dictionnaire raisonné de l'architecture française (from the 11th to the 16th century), Eugène Viollet-le-Duc
- Template:Fr icon Pierre Dubourg-Noves, Guyenne romane, Éditions du Zodiaque, La Pierre-qui-Vire (France), 1969 ; pp. 254–256.
- Template:Fr icon Stéphane Thouin, La restauration de la cathédrale Saint-Caprais, Agen, Lot-et-Garonne, in Monumental, Paris, Éditions du Patrimoine, 2004, semestriel 2, Chantiers/Actualités, pp. 20–25, ISBN 2-85822-794-2.