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Alois Podhajsky

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File:PodhajskyBookCover.jpg
Alois Podhajsky
Olympic medal record
Equestrian
Bronze medal – third place 1936 Berlin Dressage individual[1]

Colonel Alois Podhajsky (February 24, 1898 - May 23, 1973) was the director of the Spanish Riding School in Vienna, Austria as well as an Olympic medal-winner in dressage, riding instructor, and writer.[2]

Career

Podhajsky was born in Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and was an officer in the Austrian Army, rising to the rank of Colonel. In 1939, Podhajsky became chief of the Academy of Classical Horsemanship, better known as the Spanish Riding School of Vienna, Austria. Founded in 1572, the school's main focus was the training of Lipizzan horses in the art of Classical dressage.[3][4] Podhajsky was director of the school throughout World War II and continued in the position until his retirement in 1965.[5] Following his retirement, he continued to teach classical horsemanship, and wrote a number of books on the topic. Podhajsky died following a stroke in 1973, in Vienna, Austria.[5]

Relocation during World War II

During World War II, worried for the safety of the school and the horses due to bombing raids on Vienna, Podhajsky evacuated most of the stallions out of the city to St. Martin in Upper Austria.[6] A number of mares from the Piber Federal Stud, the breeding farm that supplied horses for the school, were also evacuated.[3]

Though the horses were in relative safety, there were still harsh challenges; there was little food for human or animals, and starving refugees sometimes attempted to steal the horses, viewing them as a source of meat.[7] As American General George Patton was leading his troops through Austria, he was alerted to the presence of the Lipizzans at St. Martin's. Patton and Podhajsky had each competed in equestrian events at the Olympic Games.[8][9][10] The two men renewed their acquaintance, and after Podhajsky orchestreated an impressive performance by the remaining horses and riders of the school in front of Patton (a lifelong horseman) and Undersecretary of War Robert Patterson, the Americans agreed to place the stallions under the protection of the United States for the duration of the war.[7] Podhajsky later wrote about these events, an account which was made into a motion picture Miracle of the White Stallions by Walt Disney studios, with actor Robert Taylor playing Colonel Podhajsky.

Podhajsky alerted Patton to the location of additional Lipizzan bloodstock. Many Lipizzan mares and some stallions had been appropriated by the Germans from the Austrian breeding farm at Piber and sent to Hostau, a Nazi-run stud farm in Czechoslovakia (now The Czech Republic).[7] When Hostau fell behind Soviet lines, captured German officers, under interrogation by U.S. Army Captain Ferdinand Sperl, provided details on the Lipizzans' location and asked the Americans to rescue the horses before they fell into Soviet hands, because it was feared they would be slaughtered for horsemeat. Patton issued orders, and on April 28, 1945, Colonel Charles H. Reed, with members of Troops A, C and F of the 2nd Cavalry Regiment, conducted a raid behind Soviet lines, accepted the surrender of the Germans at Hostau, and evacuated the horses.[7] The Lipizzans were relocated to relocated to Wels, then Wimsbach, Upper Austria.[3]

After the war, the Lipizzan stallions finally returned to Vienna in the fall of 1955.[11][12]

Legacy

Podhajsky is remembered most for saving the Lipizzans, preserving their history following the war, as well as for his dedication to the advancement of Classical dressage, and his contributions to the Spanish Riding School.

We must live for the school. Offer our lives to it. Then, perhaps, little by little, the light will grow from the tiny candle we keep lit here, and the great art—of the haute école—will not be snuffed out. -Alois Podhajsky[2]

See also

Bibliography

  • Podhajsky, Alois (1963). The White Stallions of Vienna. City: Nymphenburger Verlagshandlung. p. 201 pages. ISBN 9783485017107.
  • Podhajsky, Alois (1965). My Dancing White Horses: The Autobiography of Alois Podhajsky. City: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. ISBN [[Special:BookSources/ASIN B000WSHVZM|[[ASIN]] B000WSHVZM]]. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: invalid character (help)
  • Podhajsky, Alois (1967 (Original)). The Complete Training of Horse and Rider. The Sportsman's Press. p. 292 pages. ISBN 0-948253-51-7. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)CS1 maint: year (link)
  • Podhajsky, Alois (1969). The Lipizzaners. Garden City: Doubleday. ISBN 9780385028073.
  • Podhajsky, Alois (1976). The Art of Dressage. Garden City: Doubleday. ISBN 0385015526.
  • Podhajsky, Alois (1993). The Riding Teacher: A Basic Guide to Correct Methods of Classical Instruction. North Pomfret, Vt: Trafalgar Square Publishing. p. 204 pages. ISBN 0-943955-84-X.
  • Podhajsky, Alois (1997). My Horses, My Teachers. North Pomfret, Vt: Trafalgar Square Publishing. p. 202 pages. ISBN 1-57076-091-8.
  • Podhajsky, Alois (2001). Meine Lehrmeister die Pferde. Erinnerungen an ein großes Reiterleben. German: Franckh-Kosmos Verlag. p. 224 pages. ISBN 3-440-08075-7.

References

  1. ^ DatabaseOlympics. "Alois Podhajsky". DatabaseOlympics. Retrieved October 7 2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |dateformat= ignored (help)
  2. ^ a b Podhajsky, Alois (2004). The Complete Training of Horse and Rider. The Sportsman's Press. p. 292 pages. ISBN 0-948253-51-7.
  3. ^ a b c Spanish Riding School Vienna (2007). "The Rich History of the Spanish Riding School". Spanish Riding School Vienna. Retrieved October 8 2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |dateformat= ignored (help)
  4. ^ equiworld.net (2007). "The Lipizzaner". equiworld.net. Retrieved October 8 2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |dateformat= ignored (help)
  5. ^ a b Time Magazine (1973). "Obituaries". Time Magazine. Retrieved October 7 2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |dateformat= ignored (help)
  6. ^ Time Magazine (1963). "The Last of the War Horses". Time Magazine. Retrieved October 7 2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |dateformat= ignored (help)
  7. ^ a b c d Lipizzaner.com - White Stallion Productions (2007). "United States 2nd Cavalry Rescued Rare and Noble Lipizzaner Stallions". White Stallion Productions. Retrieved October 8 2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |dateformat= ignored (help)
  8. ^ Diane Wright (2005). "Horses to show moves in Everett". The Seattle Times. Retrieved October 7 2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |dateformat= ignored (help)
  9. ^ Brandon Swanson (2006). "They saved horses". The Prague Post. Retrieved October 7 2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |dateformat= ignored (help)
  10. ^ Time Magazine (1950). "A Part of Culture". Time Magazine. Retrieved October 7 2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |dateformat= ignored (help)
  11. ^ Spanish Riding School of Vienna. "History of the Spanish Riding School of Vienna". Spanish Riding School of Vienna. Retrieved October 7 2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |dateformat= ignored (help)
  12. ^ The Spanish Riding School (2007). "History of the Spanish Riding School". The Spanish Riding School. Retrieved October 7 2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |dateformat= ignored (help)
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