View source for Anna (1790 ship)

{{other ships|Anna (ship)}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}
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{{Infobox ship career
| Ship country=Great Britain
| Ship flag={{shipboxflag|Kingdom of Great Britain|civil}}
|Ship yard number=
|Ship owner=*1790-1815:Bruce, Fawcett & Co.{{sfnp|Bulley|2000|pp=124-5}}<ref name=BL/>{{sfnp|Hackman|2001|p=222}}
*1816:Remington Crawford{{sfnp|Bulley|2000|pp=124-5}}
|Ship builder=[[Bombay Dockyard]] (Mazagon)
|Ship name=''Anna''
|Ship nickname(s):''Bombay Anna''
|Ship namesake=
|Ship launched=21 July 1790,{{sfnp|Hackman|2001|p=222}} or 1788<ref name=LR1797/>
|Ship acquired=
|Ship fate=Lost 1816
|Ship notes=
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Ship type=[[Ship]]
|Ship tons burthen=850,<ref name=LR1797/> or 899<ref name=LoM>{{Cite web |url=http://www.1812privateers.org/Great%20Britain/marque1793-1815.pdf |title=Letter of Marque, p.50 - accessed 25 July 2017. |access-date=10 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020052005/http://www.1812privateers.org/Great%20Britain/marque1793-1815.pdf |archive-date=20 October 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref>{{sfnp|Hackman|2001|p=222}} ([[Builder's Old Measurement|bm]])
|Ship length=
|Ship beam=
|Ship draught=
|Ship propulsion=Sail
|Ship speed=
|Ship complement=80<ref name=LoM/> 
|Ship armament=1797:2 × 9-pounder + 18 × 6-pounder guns<ref name=LR1797/>
1797:20 × 9&6-pounder guns<ref name=LoM/>
|Ship notes=Teak built<ref name=LR1797/>
}}
|}

'''''Anna''''' was launched at Bombay in 1790. She was often called '''''Bombay Anna''''' to distinguish her from ''Bengal'' {{ship||Anna|1793 ship|2}}. ''Bombay Anna'' made two voyages for the British [[East India Company]] (EIC). She was lost at sea in 1816.

==Career==
''Anna'' first appeared in ''[[Lloyd's Register]]'' for 1797 (published in 1796), with M. Gilmore, master, changing to J. Horne, Law & Co., owner, and trade London–East Indies. The entry noted that she had been built in 1788 of teak in the East Indies.<ref name=LR1797>[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015004281278?urlappend=%3Bseq=26 ''Lloyd's Register'' (1797), Seq.№417.]</ref>

In 1796 she carried rice from Bengal to Britain on behalf of the British government which was importing grain to address high prices for wheat in Britain following a poor harvest.

{{See also|Transport vessels for the British Government's importation of rice from Bengal (1795–1796)}}

''Anna'' was admitted to the Registry of Great Britain on 24 November 1796.{{Sfnp|House of Commons|1814|p=86}} The next day Captain John Horn acquired a [[letter of marque]].<ref name=LoM/>

On 31 July 1797 ''Bengal Anna'', ''Bombay Anna'', and {{ship||Coromandel|1793 ship|2}} arrived in Portsmouth with invalids and prisoners from the West Indies. They had made a rapid voyage of about a month.<ref>[http://find.galegroup.com/ttda/infomark.do?&source=gale&prodId=TTDA&userGroupName=upenn_main&tabID=T003&docPage=article&searchType=AdvancedSearchForm&docId=CS50469122&type=multipage&contentSet=LTO&version=1.0] "Ship News." ''Times'' [London, England] 2 Aug. 1797.</ref> The vessels may have gone out to the West Indies in connection with Admiral Sir [[Hugh Cloberry Christian]]'s expedition to the West Indies, thought they are not listed amongst the vessels that left on 24 January 1796.<ref>''[[Lloyd's List]]'' [http://www.1812privateers.org/LLOYDS/1796/02-02-1796.jpg №2790.]</ref>

On 20 November 1798 Captain James Horsburgh sailed from China, bound for England. ''Anna'' left [[Whampoa Anchorage]] on 20 November 1798 and was at [[Nei Lingding Island|Lintin]] on 7 February 1799. She reached Malacca on 22 February and [[Saint Helena|St Helena]] on 8 May; she arrived at Long Reach on 17 July.<ref name=BL>[http://searcharchives.bl.uk/IAMS_VU2:IAMS045-001114537 British Library: ''Anna'' (3).]</ref>

On 9 December 1799 ''Bengal Anna'' and ''Bombay Anna'' were at Madeira taking on wine. They were in company with ''Calcutta'', which shortly thereafter was captured and recaptured. They had sailed from Spithead on 20 November.<ref>''Naval Chronicle'', Vol. 3, p.79.</ref>  One report has her in the [[Red Sea]] as one of the many transports supporting [[Sir David Baird, 1st Baronet|General]] Baird's expedition to help General [[Ralph Abercromby]] expel the [[France|French]] from Egypt.{{Sfnp|House of Commons|1814|p=86}}

Captain James Horsburgh sailed from Bombay on 6 May 1801, bound for England. ''Anna'' reached St Helena on 26 August and arrived at [[The Downs (ship anchorage)|The Downs]] 30 October.<ref name=BL/>

She then made voyages to China in 1802, 1805, 1806, and 1807. On the voyage in 1804 she carried opium.{{sfnp|Bulley|2000|p=151}} From 1807 to 1808 her captain was F. Smith.{{sfnp|Bulley|2000|pp=124-5}}

In the summer of 1810 the Royal Navy took up ''Anna'' as a transport. The navy detached ''Anna'' and ''Minerva'', and two Calcutta ships, ''Oxford'' and [[Lucy Maria (1801 ship)|''Troubridge'']] from the rest of the transports and sent the four to the Cape of Good Hope to gather reinforcements. The governor there, Lord [[Du Pre Alexander, 2nd Earl of Caledon|Caledon]], delayed their departure. They were armed and received a naval officer to command them. (They may thereafter have been styled briefly as HM [[Hired armed vessels|hired armed ships]].) They arrived at Mauritius too late to participate in the [[Invasion of Île de France]] in December.{{sfnp|Bulley|2000|p=69}} Lieutenant Bertie Cator was appointed to command ''Anna''. He moved from temporary command of {{HMS|Otter|1805|6}} and by some accounts commanded ''Anna'' during the Invasion. He then became (acting) commander of {{HMS|Acteon|1805|6}}, which he sailed back to England with duplicate dispatches.<ref>''The Gentleman's Magazine, and Historical Chronicle, for the Year 1864'', Vol. 217 (September), p.394.</ref>{{efn|In 1816 the Admiralty paid prize money for the campaign, and the Invasion. A first-class share, that of a captain or commander, was worth [[£sd|£]]153 5[[shilling|s]] 5½[[pence|d]]. A second-class share, that of a lieutenant, was worth £29 2s 5¼d. It is not clear whether Cator qualified for a first-class share as commander of ''Anna'', despite being a lieutenant. A sixth-class share, that of an ordinary seaman, was worth £1 18s 0¾d.<ref>{{London Gazette|date=2 March 1816|issue=17115|page=410}}</ref> In 1828 there was a fourth and final payment. A first-class share was worth £29 19s 5¼d, and a second-class share was worth £6 7s 7d. A sixth-class share was worth 8s 2½d.<ref>{{London Gazette|date=15 July 1828|issue=18487|page=1377}}</ref>}}

Captain Jonathon Tate commanded ''Anna'' between 1811 and 1816. She made a voyage to Mauritius in 1811.{{sfnp|Bulley|2000|pp=124-5}}

''Anna'' served as a transport ship during the British [[Invasion of Java (1811)|invasion of Java]] in 1811.{{Sfnp|House of Commons|1814|p=656}} She was part of the second division, which sailed from Malacca on 11 June 1811.<ref>''Naval Chronicle'', Vol. 27, (Jan-Jun 1812), p.109.</ref>

{{main|Transport vessels for the British invasion of Java (1811)}}

On 4 July 1812 ''Anna'' was at [[Penang Island|Prince of Wales' Island]] when a fire broke out on shore. She was among the many vessels, Navy and merchant, that contributed men to fight the fire.<ref>''Literary Panorama'', Vol. 13, p.1002.</ref>

In 1812, 1814, and 1816 ''Anna'' again sailed to China. In 1814, for instance, she carried 14,495 piculs of cotton to China.{{sfnp|Bulley|2000|pp=124-5}}

==Fate==
Captain Jonathon Read commanded ''Anna'' in 1816.{{sfnp|Bulley|2000|pp=124-5}} ''Anna'' was lost at sea in 1816,{{sfnp|Hackman|2001|p=222}} or 1817.

==See also==
*[[List of people who disappeared mysteriously at sea]]

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}

==Citations==
{{reflist|30em}}

==References==
* {{cite book |last=Bulley |first=Anne |year=2000 |title=The Bombay Country Ships, 1790–1833 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0700712366}} 
* {{cite book |last=Hackman |first=Rowan |year=2001 |title=Ships of the East India Company |location=Gravesend, Kent |publisher=World Ship Society |isbn=0-905617-96-7}}
* {{cite book |last=Hardy |first=Charles |year=1800 |title=A Register of Ships, Employed in the Service of the Hon. the United East India Company, from the Union of the Two Companies, in 1707, to the Year 1760: Specifying the Number of Voyages, Tonnage, Commanders, and Stations. To which is Added, from the Latter Period to the Present Time, the Managing Owners, Principal Officers, Surgeons, and Pursers; with the Dates of Their Sailing and Arrival: Also, an Appendix, Containing Many Particulars, Interesting to Those Concerned in the East India Commerce |publisher=Charles Hardy}}
* {{cite book |author=House of Commons, Parliament, Great Britain |year=1814 |title=Minutes of the Evidence Taken Before the Select Committee on Petitions Relating to East-India-Built Shipping |publisher=H.M. Stationery Office |ref={{SfnRef|House of Commons|1814}}}}

{{1816 shipwrecks}}
{{1817 shipwrecks}}

[[Category:1790 ships]]
[[Category:1810s missing person cases]]
[[Category:Age of Sail merchant ships of England]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in 1816]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in 1817]]
[[Category:Missing ships]]
[[Category:Ships lost with all hands]]
[[Category:Ships of the British East India Company]]
[[Category:People lost at sea]]