Aratinga
| Aratinga | |
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| Aratinga solstitialis | |
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| Genus: | Aratinga Spix, 1824
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Aratinga solstitialis | |
Aratinga is a genus of South American parakeets. They belong to the long-tailed group and are among the genera often called conures in aviculture. Most are predominantly green, although a few are predominantly yellow or orange. They are social and commonly seen in groups in the wild. In Brazil the popular name of several species usually is Jandaia, sometimes written as Jandaya in the scientific form.
Many species from this genus are popular pets, although being larger than the members of the genus Pyrrhura, they need a sizable aviary to thrive.
The taxonomy of this genus has recently been resolved by splitting it in four genera as the genus as previously defined was paraphyletic.[1][2][3][4][5] The species of the Aratinga solstitialis complex,[2][3] were retained in this genus, while other former Aratinga species were moved to Eupsittula (brownish-throated species), Psittacara (pale-beaked species) and Thectocercus (blue-crowned parakeet).[1] Furthermore, the closely related nanday parakeet (Aratinga nenday) and the dusky-headed parakeet (Aratinga weddellii) are placed in this genus. The nanday parakeet was previously placed in its own genus based on the differences in coloration and elongated upper mandible, but this was not supported by phylogenetic studies that showed a close relationship with the solitarius complex species.[1]
Species
- Aratinga auricapilla – golden-capped parakeet
- Aratinga jandaya – jandaya parakeet, jenday conure
- Aratinga maculata – sulphur-breasted parakeet
- Aratinga nenday – nanday parakeet
- Aratinga solstitialis – sun parakeet, sun conure
- Aratinga vorohuensis† – extinct
- Aratinga weddellii – dusky-headed parakeet, dusky-headed conure, Weddell's conure
A fossil species from the Late Pleistocene of Ecuador was described as Aratinga roosevelti.
Hypothetical extinct species
Jean-Baptiste Labat described a population of small parrots living on Guadeloupe, which have been postulated to be a separate species based on little evidence. They were called Conurus labati, and are now referred to as the Guadeloupe parakeet (Aratinga labati). There are no specimens or remains of the extinct parrots. Their taxonomy may never be fully elucidated, and so their postulated status as a separate species is hypothetical, and it is regarded as a hypothetical extinct species.[6]
References
- ^ a b c Remsen, Jr., J.V.; Schirtzinger, E.E.; Ferraroni, Anna; Silveira, Luís Fábio; & Wright, Timothy F. (24 April 2013). DNA-sequence data require revision of the parrot genus Aratinga (Aves: Psittacidae). Zootaxa 3641(3) 296–300. {{doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.3641.3.9}}
- ^ a b Ribas, Camila C.; Miyaki, Cristina Y. (2004). "Molecular systematics in Aratinga parakeets: species limits and historical biogeography in the 'solstitialis' group, and the systematic position of Nandayus nenday". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 30 (3): 663–75. doi:10.1016/S1055-7903(03)00223-9. PMID 15012946.
- ^ a b Silverira, L.; Höfling, E. (2005). "A new species of Aratinga Parakeet (Psittaformes: Psittacidae) from Brazil, with taxonomical remarks on the Aratinga solstitialis complex". The Auk. 122 (1): 292–305.
- ^ Tavares ES; Baker AJ; Pereira SL; Miyaki CY (2006). "Phylogenetic relationships and historical biogeography of Neotropical parrots (Psittaciformes : Psittacidae : Arini) inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences". Systematic Biology. 55 (3): 454–470. doi:10.1080/10635150600697390. PMID 16861209.
- ^ Collar, N.J. (1997). J. del Hoyo, A. Elliot, and J. Sargatal (ed.). Family Psittacidae. Handbook of the Birds of the World. Vol. 4. Barcelona, Spain: Lynx Edicions. pp. 280–479.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link) - ^ Fuller, Errol (1987). Extinct Birds. Penguin Books (England). p. 131. ISBN 0-670-81787-2.