Arbacia punctulata
| Arbacia punctulata | |
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| Arbacia punctulata | |
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| Arbacia punctulata (Lamarck, 1816)
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Arbacia punctulata is a species of Arbacia genus of purple-spined sea urchins. Its natural habitat is in the Western Atlantic Ocean. Arbacia punctulata can be found in shallow water from Massachusetts to Cuba and the Yucatan Peninsula, from Texas to Florida in the Gulf of Mexico, the coast from Panama to French Guiana and in the Lesser Antilles, usually on rocky, sandy, or shelly bottoms[1].
A. punctulata is omnivorous, consuming a wide variety of preys[2] although Karlson[3] classified it as a generalized carnivore.
For more than a century, developmental biologists have valued the sea urchin as an experimental model organism. Sea urchin eggs are transparent and can be manipulated easily in the research laboratory. Their eggs can be easily fertilized and then develop rapidly and synchronously[4][5].
For decades, the sea urchin embryo has been used to establish the chromosome theory of heredity, the description of centrosomes, parthenogenesis, and fertilization[6][7][8]. Research work during the last 30 years established such important phenomena as stable mRNA and translational control, isolation and characterization of the mitotic apparatus, and the realization that the major structural proteins of the mitotic apparatus are microtubules[9][10]. Sea urchin studies provided the first evidence of actin in non-muscle cells[11][12].
Arbacia punctulata is also a model organism of marine sediments toxicity[13][14] and sperm study[15][16].
References
- ^ Serafy, D. K., 1979: Echinoids (Echinodermata: Echinoidea). Mem. Hourglass Cruises, 5: 1 – 120.
- ^ Sharp, D. T. & I. E. Gray, 1962: Studies on factors affecting the local distribution of two sea urchins, Arbacia punctulata and Lytechinus variegatus. Ecology, 43: 309 – 313.
- ^ Karlson, R., 1978: Predation and space utilization patterns in a marine epifaunal community. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 31: 225 – 239.
- ^ RULON O (1947). "The modification of developmental patterns in Arbacia eggs with malonic acid". Anat. Rec. 99 (4): 652. PMID 18895450.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help) - ^ Kanungo J (2002). "Prolonged incubation in seawater induces a DNA-dependent protein phosphorylation activity in Arbacia punctulata eggs". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 294 (3): 667–71. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(02)00539-9. PMID 12056821.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help) - ^ FAILLA PM (1965). "RECOVERY FROM DIVISION DELAY IN IRRADIATED GAMETES OF ARBACIA PUNCTULATA". Radiat. Res. 25 (2): 331–40. doi:10.2307/3571975. PMID 14295124.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help) - ^ Sachs MI, Anderson E (1970). "A cytological study of artificial parthenogenesis in the sea urchin Arbacia punctulata". J. Cell Biol. 47 (1): 140–58. doi:10.1083/jcb.47.1.140. PMC 2108410. PMID 4327513.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help) - ^ Kite GL (1912). "THE NATURE OF THE FERTILIZATION MEMBRANE OF THE EGG OF THE SEA URCHIN (ARBACIA PUNCTULATA)". Science. 36 (930): 562–564. doi:10.1126/science.36.930.562-a. PMID 17812420.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help) - ^ ZIMMERMAN AM, MARSLAND D (1964). "CELL DIVISION: EFFECTS OF PRESSURE ON THE MITOTIC MECHANISMS OF MARINE EGGS (ARBACIA PUNCTULATA)". Exp. Cell Res. 35: 293–302. doi:10.1016/0014-4827(64)90096-5. PMID 14195437.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help) - ^ SCOTT A (1950). "A cytological analysis of the effects of cyanide and 4,6-dinitro-orthocresol on the mitotic phases in Arbacia punctulata". Biol. Bull. 99 (2): 362–3. PMID 14791535.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help) - ^ Henson JH, Schatten G (1983). "Calcium regulation of the actin-mediated cytoskeletal transformation of sea urchin coelomocytes". Cell Motil. 3 (5–6): 525–34. doi:10.1002/cm.970030519. PMID 6420068.
- ^ Kabat-Zinn J, Singer RH (1981). "Sea urchin tube feet: unique structures that allow a cytological and molecular approach to the study of actin and its gene expression". J. Cell Biol. 89 (1): 109–14. doi:10.1083/jcb.89.1.109. PMC 2111775. PMID 6894447.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help) - ^ Jäntschi L, Bolboaca SD (2008). "A structural modelling study on marine sediments toxicity". Mar Drugs. 6 (2): 372–88. doi:10.3390/md20080017. PMC 2525494. PMID 18728732.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ Rudolph A, Medina P, Urrutia C, Ahumada R (2008). "Ecotoxicological sediment evaluations in marine aquaculture areas of Chile". Environ Monit Assess. 155 (1–4): 419–29. doi:10.1007/s10661-008-0444-x. ISBN 6610080444. PMID 18633720.
{{cite journal}}: Check|isbn=value: checksum (help); Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Lillie FR (1915). "The Fertilizing Power of Sperm Dilutions of Arbacia". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1 (3): 156–60. doi:10.1073/pnas.1.3.156. PMC 1090763. PMID 16575966.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help) - ^ Inamdar MV, Kim T, Chung YK, Was AM, Xiang X, Wang CW, Takayama S, Lastoskie CM, Thomas FI, Sastry AM (2007). "Assessment of sperm chemokinesis with exposure to jelly coats of sea urchin eggs and resact: a microfluidic experiment and numerical study". J. Exp. Biol. 210 (Pt 21): 3805–20. doi:10.1242/jeb.005439. PMID 17951422.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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