Arundel Gardens
Arundel Gardens is a street in Notting Hill, London, located between Ladbroke Grove and Kensington Park Road. It was built in the 1860s, towards the later stages of the development of the Ladbroke Estate, until that time a largely rural area west of the expanding suburbs of London.[1]
History
Origins
In 1852 one Richard Roy, a solicitor with some experience of building speculation in Cheltenham, acquired from the Ladbroke Estate a freehold parcel of undeveloped land between the south side of what is now Arundel Gardens and the north side of Ladbroke Gardens. In around 1862-3 he granted building leases for the houses on the south side of the street (numbers 1-47), and around the same time granted leases to three other builders to construct houses on the north side of the street.[1]
This was consistent with the usual pattern of development on the Ladbroke Estate, which was for builders to purchase the right to build on a parcel of land, on which they would contract to construct a certain number of houses. They were obliged to pay a ground rent to the landowner, but in return were granted a 99-year lease on the property.[1]
The houses on both sides of Arundel Gardens back onto elegant communal gardens, originally known as "pleasure grounds", or "paddocks", which are typical of the Ladbroke Estate.[1]
The original residents of the street tended to be middle or upper-middle class professionals, with around three or four servants, though a few were of a more bohemian character. The 1871 census shows the painter Anthony Montalba (1813–1884) living at 19 Arundel Gardens with four daughters, all artists, including Clara, Ellen, Hilda and Henrietta.[2] The Montalba sisters were regular contributors to the Royal Academy Summer Exhibition during the 1870s.[3]
The 1881 census shows one Samuel Bennett, "editor and leader writer" living at number 13.[2]
World Wars
During World War I Arundel Gardens was hit by a bomb from a Zeppelin. An angry mob attacked the nearby Electric Cinema, believing that its German-born manager was signalling to the Zeppelin raiders from the roof of the cinema.[4]
During World War II Arundel Gardens again suffered from bombing. One local resident, Vere Hodgson, recorded in her diary in 1940: "Went to see the houses in Lansdowne Road [next to Arundel Gardens] that caught it. Just heaps of rubble....right on the corner of Ladbroke Grove." [5]
Arundel Gardens today
The appearance of the street remains little changed today, except for numbers 43-47, on the corner of Ladbroke Grove, which have been replaced by a modern block of flats. Most of the remaining Victorian buildings have had extra mansard stories or loft conversions added, and most have been subdivided into flats, rather than remaining as single family residences for which purpose they were originally designed. A few of the stuccoed cornices are missing, and some of the houses on the south side have had their brickwork painted over. In 2008 the council planted a number of trees in the street. Otherwise the appearance of the street is much as it was when it was originally constructed.
A view of Arundel Gardens is shown in the 1999 film Notting Hill.
The route of the Notting Hill Carnival passes along Arundel Gardens.
Criticism
The authors of the Survey of London published by the Greater London Council (now organised by English Heritage) in 1973 were not impressed by Arundel Gardens, which they saw as representing a decline from the elegance of earlier parts of the Ladbroke Estate. The street is described as "dull four-story ranges, that on the north side being faced with stucco and that on the south side being of stock brick with coarse flamboyant stucco enrichments".[1] The authors did however concede that the Eastward vista along the street was "agreeably closed" by attractive buildings built by Thomas Pocock on Kensington Park Road.[6]
Notable residents
- Charles Samuel Myers (1873–1946), psychologist, lived at 27 Arundel Gardens as a boy. In the 1881 census he is listed as an 8-year-old scholar living with his parents, four brothers and four servants.[7] Myers coined the term shell shock and was co-founder of the British Psychological Society and the National Institute of Industrial Psychology.
- Sir William Ramsay (1852–1916), lived at 12 Arundel Gardens from 1887 to 1902. He was Professor of Chemistry at University College, London, and discoverer of the noble gases Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton and Xenon, for which he won the 1904 Nobel Prize for Chemistry (the first British scientist to be honoured in this way).[citation needed]
Notes
- ^ a b c d e Page at Ladbroke Association website Retrieved 7 February 2010
- ^ a b History of Arundel Gardens Retrieved 7 February 2010
- ^ Biography of the Montalba sisters Retrieved August 2011
- ^ www.historytalk.org Retrieved January 2012
- ^ Hodgson, Vere, Few Eggs and No Oranges 1940-1945, published by Persephone Books
- ^ Survey of London Retrieved January 2012
- ^ The National Archives of the UK (TNA): Public Record Office (PRO). Census Returns of England and Wales, 1881. Kew, Surrey, England. Class: RG11; Piece: 42; Folio: 80; Page: 4; Line: ; GSU roll: 1341010 [1]
External links
- http://www.arundelladbrokegardens.co.uk. History of Arundel Gardens. Retrieved 7 February 2010
- http://www.ladbrokeassociation.org/ History of Arundel Gardens at the Ladbroke Association webpage. Retrieved 7 February 2010