Autotroph: Difference between revisions
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{{Unreferenced|date=March 2007}} |
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[[Image:Colpfl27a.jpg|thumb|280px|right|Green (from chlorophyll) fronds of a maidenhair fern: a photoautotroph]] |
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[[Image:Troph flowchart.svg|thumb|400px|[[Flowchart]] to determine if a species is autotroph, [[heterotroph]], or a subtype]] |
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An '''autotroph''' (from the [[Greek language|Greek]] ''autos'' = self and ''trophe'' = nutrition) is an [[organism]] that produces complex [[organic compound]]s from simple [[inorganic]] [[molecule]]s using energy from [[light]] or inorganic chemical reactions. |
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Autotrophs are the [[primary production|producers]] in a [[food chain]]. [[Plant]]s and other organisms which carry out [[photosynthesis]] are [[photoautotroph]]s (or phototrophs). [[Bacterium|Bacteria]] which derive energy from oxidizing inorganic compounds (such as [[hydrogen sulfide]], [[ammonium]] and ferrous iron) are [[chemoautotroph]]s, and include the [[lithotroph]]s. |
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Autotrophs are fundamental to the food chains of all plant [[ecosystem]]s. They take energy from the environment (in the form of sunlight or inorganic chemicals) and use it to create carbon-based organic molecules. Other organisms, called [[heterotroph]]s, take in autotrophs as [[food]] to carry out such functions. Thus, heterotrophs — [[animal]]s, [[fungi]], as well as most [[bacterium|bacteria]] and [[protozoa]] — depend on autotrophs for the energy and raw materials they need. This mechanism is called [[primary production]] in the sea. Heterotrophs obtain energy by breaking down organic molecules obtained in food. [[Carnivorous]] animals ultimately rely on autotrophs because the energy and organic building blocks obtained from their prey comes from autotrophs they preyed upon. |
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There are some species(species come from the ground or the soil) of organisms that require [[organic compound]]s as a source of [[carbon]], but are able to use light or inorganic compounds as a source of energy. Such organisms are not defined as autotrophic, but rather as heterotrophic. An organism that obtains carbon from organic compounds but obtains energy from light is called a '''''[[photoheterotroph]]''''', while an organism that obtains carbon from organic compounds but obtains energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds is termed a '''''[[chemoheterotroph]]'''''. |
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* [[Heterotrophic]] |
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* [[Mixotrophic]] |
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* [[Primary nutritional groups]] |
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* [[Saprotrophic]] |
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==See also== |
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*[[Auxotrophy]] |
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*[[Bradytroph]] |
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[[Category:Botany]] |
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[[Category:Trophic ecology]] |
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[[bg:Автотроф]] |
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[[ca:Autotròfia]] |
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[[cs:Autotrofie]] |
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[[da:Autotrof]] |
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[[de:Autotrophie]] |
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[[et:Autotroof]] |
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[[es:Nutrición autótrofa]] |
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[[eo:Aŭtotrofo]] |
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[[eu:Autotrofo]] |
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[[fa:خودپروردگی]] |
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[[fr:Autotrophie]] |
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[[gl:Autótrofo]] |
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[[ko:자가영양생물]] |
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[[hr:Autotrofija]] |
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[[ia:Autotropho]] |
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[[is:Frumbjarga lífvera]] |
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[[it:Autotrofia]] |
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[[he:אוטוטרוף]] |
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[[lt:Autotrofai]] |
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[[hu:Autotrófia]] |
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[[nl:Autotroof]] |
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[[ja:独立栄養生物]] |
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[[no:Autotrofi]] |
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[[pl:Samożywność]] |
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[[pt:Autotrofismo]] |
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[[ro:Autotrof]] |
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[[ru:Продуценты]] |
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[[simple:Autotroph]] |
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[[sk:Autotrofia]] |
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[[sr:Аутотрофи]] |
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[[sv:Autotrof]] |
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[[th:ออโตทรอพ]] |
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[[tr:Ototroflar]] |
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[[uk:Автотрофи]] |
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[[zh:自养生物]] |
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Revision as of 16:52, 14 April 2008
spider pig spider pig does w/e a spider pig does