Jump to content

Babylonian Map of the World

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by 128.84.126.132 (talk) at 03:24, 16 December 2015 (Name fix). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Babylonian map of the world, c. 500 BC.

The Babylonian Map of the World is a diagrammatic labeled depiction of the known world from the perspective of Babylonia. The map is incised on a clay tablet, showing Babylon somewhat to the north of its center;[1] the clay tablet is damaged, and also contains a section of cuneiform text.

It is usually dated to the 5th century BC.[2] It was discovered at Sippar, southern Iraq, 60 miles (97 km) north of Babylon on the east bank of the Euphrates River, and published in 1899.[3] The clay tablet resides at the British Museum (BM 92687).[4]

It is conjectured that the island locations, though possibly referring to real areas, may also represent a mythological interpretation of the world.[5]

Carlo Zaccagnini has argued that the Babylonian map of the world may have lived on in the T and O map of the European Middle Ages.[6]

Description of the mapped areas

The Babylonian map of the world, from Sippar, Mesopotamia.

The map is circular with two outer defined circles. Cuneiform script labels all locations inside the circular map, as well as a few regions outside. The two outer circles represent water in between and is labelled as "'river' of 'bitter' water", the salt sea.[5]

Babylon is in the center of the map; parallel lines at the bottom seem to represent the southern marshes, and a curved line coming from the north, northeast appear to represent the Zagros Mountains.[5]

There are seven small interior circles at the perimeter areas within the circle, and they appear to represent seven cities.

Seven triangular sections on the external circle (water perimeter) represent named islands, but the damaged clay tablet has lost the three islands on the tablet's lower edge.

The three islands are named:

  • island-"place of the rising sun"
  • island-"the sun is hidden and nothing can be seen"
  • island-"beyond the flight of birds"[5]
Objects on the Babylonian map of the world [7]
1. "Mountain" (Template:Lang-akk)
2. "City" (Template:Lang-akk)
3. Urartu / Armenia (Template:Lang-akk)
4. Assyria (Template:Lang-akk)
5. Der (Template:Lang-akk)
6. ?
7. Swamp (Template:Lang-akk)
8. Elam (Template:Lang-akk)
9. Canal (Template:Lang-akk)
10. Bit Yakin (Template:Lang-akk) 		11. "City" (Template:Lang-akk)
12. Habban (Template:Lang-akk)
13. Babylon (Template:Lang-akk), divided by Euphrates

14 — 17. Ocean (salt water, Template:Lang-akk)

18 — 22. Mythological objects

See also

References

  1. ^ Kurt A. Raaflaub & Richard J. A. Talbert (2009), Geography and Ethnography: Perceptions of the World in Pre-Modern Societies, John Wiley & Sons, p. 147, ISBN 1-4051-9146-5
  2. ^ "Cartography: (Prehistoric Mapping)". http://www.ancient-wisdom.co.uk. Ancient-wisdom. Retrieved 28 August 2014. {{cite web}}: External link in |website= (help)
  3. ^ Kerrigan, The Ancients in Their Own Words, Babylonian Map of the World, p. 36-37.
  4. ^ Babylonian: "map of the world", British Museum, BM 92687
  5. ^ a b c d Kerrigan, p. 37.
  6. ^ Carlo Zaccagnini, ‘Maps of the World’, in Giovanni B. Lanfranchi et al., Leggo! Studies Presented to Frederick Mario Fales on the occasion of his 65th birthday, Wiesbaden, Harrassowitz Verlag, 2012, pp. 865-874.
  7. ^ Russian wikipedia.
Notes
  • Kerrigan, 2009. The Ancients in Their Own Words, Michael Kerrigan, Fall River Press, Amber Books Ltd, c 2009. (hardcover. ISBN 978-1-4351-0724-3)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Babylonian_Map_of_the_World&oldid=695445788"