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Bagot goat

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Bagot
A Bagot goat
Conservation statusVulnerable
Country of originEngland
Traits
Wool colourWhite
Face colourBlack
  • Goat
  • Capra aegagrus hircus

The Bagot goat /ˈbæɡət/[1] is a breed of goat which for several hundred years has lived semi-wild at Blithfield Hall, Staffordshire, England.

In 2010 it was considered "critically endangered" by the Rare Breeds Survival Trust, as there were fewer than 100 registered breeding females in the United Kingdom, [2] but by 2012 had been upgraded to "vulnerable".[3]

Bagots are excellent, attentive mothers, well capable of defending their kids. They generally produce a single kid (in common with many native breeds) and seldom require intervention during the birthing process. Animals maintained domestically and maintained in higher condition than they would naturally manage, often produce twins. There have been two recorded instances of triplets, one in 1994 (Undercliff Faith, Hope and Charity) and another in 2017.

Description

It is a small goat, with a black head and neck to the withers/girth and the remainder of the body predominantly white. It may sport a white "star", "stripe" or blaze on it's face, with a narrow chin stripe sometimes extending the length of the neck to the brisket. The white areas frequently sport isolated black dots, with sometimes the black extending as a "saddle" along the back. The head is delicate with either a straight or slightly dished face, often appearing triangular when viewed from the front due to wide forehead and narrow muzzle. On females, the horns tend to be straight or slightly rearward curving from the centre of the forehead. On males the horns are wider set and form large sweeping curves over the back. Unlike domesticated breeds that have been "improved" to have a leg in each corner, they are naturally "cow-hocked", which is typical of wild goats and ibex; being an advantage on rough terrain. Their top and belly lines tend to be roughly parallel in mature animals (unlike the Swiss breed milking goats which tend to have a triangular appearance), with young (particularly bucks) often appearing triangular in reverse of the milking breeds, in other words deep chested and narrow at the waist.

There are also variants on the pure black/white patterning, believed to be the result of recessive genes including: - The "Red cheek" Bagot - which sports red/gold "blusher" on the cheeks but not through the coat. - The "Mahogany" Bagot - which sports gold "frosting" on the outer ears and neck, and sports "eyeliner", "lipstick" and "blusher" again in gold; the coat, whilst black from a distance has a distinct reddish tinge in bright light. - The "Lightbelly" Bagot - sports dark along the back and muzzle but white eye flashes, throat through to neck, inner ears, underbelly brisket through to perineum, inside and back of lower legs. - The "Eyebar" Bagot - sports white inner ears, a jowl spot, muzzle, face stripes extending into muzzle, throat patch that does not extend to the neck, underbelly from girth through to perineum, inner and lower legs, - The "Lateral Stripes" Bagot - Tan/white patterning to the upper legs and front of lower legs (but not inside of legs), brisket to girth, inner ears, "lipstick" and "eyeliner".

These markings, far from being the result of a misguided grading up programme by the RBST in the 1970s [4], can be identified from historic photos of Bagots at Blithfield Hall. Whilst some breeders actively attempt to breed goats more closely resembling the Valais Blackneck and actively cull animals they consider poorly marked, the Bagot Goat Society promotes the diversity of markings as critical to maintaining the genetic diversity of the species as a whole. For that reason, Bagots are not judged based on markings, but rather on conformation.

History

Arms of the Barons Bagot, featuring the Bagot goat

Bagot goats were introduced to England at Blithfield Hall in the 1380s. They were probably brought back to England by returning Crusaders, and probably trace their ancestry to goats of the Rhone valley.[5] The goats were said to have been given to John Bagot of Blithfield by King Richard II of England to commemorate good hunting the King had enjoyed at Blithfield.[6]

Whilst romantic notions on the foreign origins of the Bagot were widely promoted as true, scientific research, including DNA profiling[7] has disproved any link between the Bagot and the Valais Blacknecks, but rather identified that they originated from isolation of a population of native goats within what is now referred as the "Old English" type. [8]

As of March 2017, there were said to be less than 200 registered breeding females.[9]

By May of 2018, the Rare Breed Survival Trust Watchlist reported between 200-300 registered breeding females. [10]

Uses

Bagot goats have no commercial purpose being too small by comparison to the Boer Goat to be viable as a meat breed; producing high quality but low volumes of milk (consistent with generally producing a single kid) by comparison to the Swiss dairy breeds, and producing too little cashmere to compete with the Angora. However, they have recently been finding a niche within the conservation grazing arena at RSPB reserves in Wales, Kent and Canterbury where their browsing activity promotes diversity in the ground conditions beneficial to other wildlife.

Flocks

A flock is still kept by the Bagot family in the deer park of Levens Hall, Cumbria. Examples can also be seen at:

The Bagot Goat Society

The Bagot Goat Society manages the Bagot Goat herd book on behalf of its members and owners of Bagot Goats. In common with many other Breed Societies, it uses the services of Grassroots Systems Ltd to record the births, deaths and ownership details of stock.

Membership is open to anyone interested in the conservation and promotion of the breed, regardless of whether or not they own goats, with an aim of increasing the population of this endangered breed. The Society offers support and advice to anyone interested in the breed whether existing owners/breeders or newcomers to goat-keeping. It holds an annual show and sale in conjunction with the "Traditional and Native Breeds Show and Sale" at Melton Mowbray Market. It also produces and issues a newsletter "The Bagot Bugle" to members several times a year. Membership cost £20/year in 2018.

Whilst entirely independent, the Bagot Goat Society maintains excellent relationships with conservation organisations such as the Rare Breed Survival Trust and Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, and actively seeks opportunities to collaborate with other organisations where Bagot Goats can be used in wider conservation projects.

It was recently involved in the RBST's Goat Gene Bank Project through provision of 4 Bagot males for semen collections. The RBST also succeeded with embryo collection from Bagots in 2016.

Postage stamps

An illustration of the species by Harry Titcombe featured on the cover of a 1982 book of British postage stamp, issued from vending machines, at a price of 50p.[19] In January 2005, the breed was featured on a first-class British stamp, one of a set of ten, in a se-tenant block, designed by Rose Design using linocut illustrations by Christopher Wormell.[20]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Bagot". Oxford Dictionaries. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 15 June 2013.
  2. ^ Bagot goat at Rare Breeds Survival Trust watch list Archived 2010-03-30 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 7 June 2010.
  3. ^ Bagot goat at Rare Breeds Survival Trust watch list Archived 2010-03-30 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 13 November 2012.
  4. ^ THOSE WHO DO NOT LEARN FROM HISTORY ARE DOOMED TO REPEAT IT: A LESSON FROM THE PAST IN RELATION TO THE BAGOT GOAT RAYMOND WERNER, JULY, 2017
  5. ^ Dohner, Janet Vorwald (2001). The Encyclopedia of Historic and Endangered Livestock and Poultry Breeds. New Haven: Yale University Press.
  6. ^ Bagot goat, Oklahoma State University, www.ansir.okstate.edu
  7. ^ AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE ORIGIN AND HISTORY OF THE OLD BRITISH GOAT BY MEANS OF A DNA STUDY,THIS BEING IN PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE OLD IRISH GOAT RAYMOND WERNER, JANUARY, 2015
  8. ^ Werner, R., 1978. The Origin of the Bagot Goat. Researched for the Rare Breeds Survival Trust
  9. ^ a b "Sandwell works to save rare Bagot goats". Sandwell Metropolitan Borough Council. 16 March 2017. Retrieved 22 March 2017.
  10. ^ https://www.rbst.org.uk/watchlist-overview
  11. ^ "Bagot goats". Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. Archived from the original on 29 June 2012. Retrieved 13 November 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  12. ^ "Farm Animals & Poultry". Aldenham Country Park. Retrieved 13 November 2012.
  13. ^ "Goats". St James City Farm. Retrieved 13 November 2012.
  14. ^ "Bagot's Castle Experience". Retrieved 3 October 2015.
  15. ^ "Leicestershire". Countryfile. 2018-01-21. BBC Television. Retrieved 21 January 2018. {{cite episode}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |transcripturl= and |seriesno= (help); Unknown parameter |serieslink= ignored (|series-link= suggested) (help)
  16. ^ https://www.facebook.com/pg/AylswoodRB/about/
  17. ^ http://www.hadleighfarm.org.uk/visit-us/rare-breeds-centre/meet-the-animals
  18. ^ https://www.northlanarkshire.gov.uk/index.aspx?articleid=6526
  19. ^ "50p Rare Farm Animals". Sutton Stamps. Retrieved 13 November 2012.
  20. ^ "GB new stamps, Farm Animals, 11 January 2005". Norvic Philatelics. Retrieved 13 November 2012.
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