Notophthalmus meridionalis

Black-spotted newt
Conservation status
	; Endangered (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Amphibia
Order:	Caudata
Family:	Salamandridae
Genus:	Notophthalmus
Species:	N. meridionalis
Binomial name
	Notophthalmus meridionalis; Cope, 1880
Subspecies
	N. m. kallerti (Wolterstorff, 1930); N. m. meridionalis
Synonyms
	Diemictylus meridionalis; Molge meridionalis; Triturus meridionalis; Triturus kallerti; Notophthalmus kallerti

The black-spotted newt or Texas newt, Notophthalmus meridionalis, is a species of aquatic newt native to northeastern Mexico and southern Texas in the United States.

Description

The black-spotted newt grow to 2.9-4.3 in (7.1–11 cm) long, and is typically an olive green in color, with numerous black spots. The underside is often yellow in color, which can sometimes extend up to the sides. They have smooth skin, and a paddle-shaped, vertically flattened tail. They live in quiet stretches of streams and permanent and temporary ponds and ditches.

Behavior

Black-spotted newts prefer shallow-water habitats, heavy with vegetation. During the dry season, they are believed to burrow underground or remain under debris. They are carnivorous, consuming a wide variety of prey, including insects, aquatic invertebrates, leeches, and other amphibians. Their toxic skin secretions are used to deter predators. Breeding occurs year round. The life history of this species is not well known and the presence of an eft stage has yet to be determined.

Range

N. meridionalis can be found in the states of Tamaulipas, Veracruz, and San Luis Potosí in Mexico, barely extending into northeastern Hidalgo and Puebla. It is also found in southern Texas along the Gulf of Mexico.

Conservation

The black-spotted newt is listed as a threatened species in Texas^[2] and as a Endangered species by the IUCN

References

^ Template:IUCN2006 Database entry includes a range map and justification for why this species is endangered
^ "Black-spotted Newt (Notophthalmus meridionalis)". Wildlife Fact Sheets. Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. Retrieved 2010-04-28.

Amphibian Species of the World: Notophthalmus meridionalis
Herps of Texas: Notophthalmus meridionalis
Ellen Trout Zoo: Black-spotted Newt
National Audubon Society Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians

[1] Template:IUCN2006 Database entry includes a range map and justification for why this species is endangered

[2] "Black-spotted Newt (Notophthalmus meridionalis)". Wildlife Fact Sheets. Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. Retrieved 2010-04-28.

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