Broadly neutralizing HIV-1 antibodies
Broadly Neutralizing HIV-1 Antibodies (bNAbs) are neutralizing antibodies which neutralize multiple HIV-1 viral strains.[1] bNAbs are unique in that they target conserved epitopes of the virus, meaning the virus may mutate, but the targeted epitopes will still exist.[2] In contrast, non-bNAbs are specific for individual viral strains with unique epitopes. The discovery of bNAbs has led to an important area of research, namely, discovery of a vaccine, not only limited to HIV, but also other rapidly mutating viruses like Influenza, etc.
The following table shows the characteristics of various HIV-1 bNAbs[3]
| Viral Epitope | Antibody binding characteristics | Antibody clonal family | Year published |
| MPER of gp41 | Contiguous sequence | 2F5 | 1992 |
| Contiguous sequence | 4E10 | 1994 | |
| Contiguous sequence | M66.6 | 2011 | |
| Contiguous sequence | CAP206-CH12 | 2011 | |
| Contiguous sequence | 10E8 l | 2012 | |
| V1V2-glycan | Peptidoglycan | PG9, PG16 | 2009 |
| Peptidoglycan | CH01–04 | 2011 | |
| Peptidoglycan | PGT 141–145 | 2011 | |
| Outer domain glycan | Glycan only | 2G12 | 1994 |
| V3-glycan | Peptidoglycan | PGT121–123 | 2011 |
| Peptidoglycan | PGT125–131 | 2011 | |
| Peptidoglycan | PGT135–137 | 2011 | |
| CD4 binding site | CDRH3 loop | b12 | 1991 |
| CDRH3 loop | HJ16 | 2010 | |
| CDRH3 loop | CH103–106 | 2013 | |
| Mimics CD4 via CDRH2 | VRC01–03 | 2010 | |
| Mimics CD4 via CDRH2 | VRC-PG04, 04b | 2011 | |
| Mimics CD4 via CDRH2 | VRC-CH30–34 | 2011 | |
| Mimics CD4 via CDRH2 | 3BNC117, 3BNC60 | 2011 | |
| Mimics CD4 via CDRH2 | NIH45–46 | 2011 | |
| Mimics CD4 via CDRH2 | 12A12, 12A21 | 2011 | |
| Mimics CD4 via CDRH2 | 8ANC131, 134 | 2011,2015 | |
| Mimics CD4 via CDRH2 | 1NC9, 1B2530 | 2011,2015 |
Recent years have seen an increase in HIV-1 bNAb discovery.
Online databases like bNAber and LANL constantly report and update the discovery of new HIV bNAbs.
References
- ^ ^ Eroshkin AM, Leblanc A, Weekes D, Post K, Li Z, Rajput A, Butera ST, Burton DR, Godzik A. bNAber: database of broadly neutralizing HIV antibodies. Nucleic Acids Research Database issue Volume 42 Issue D1 1 January 2014 PubMed PMID 24214957.
- ^ Scheid, J. F., Mouquet, H., Feldhahn, N., Seaman, M. S., Velinzon, K., Pietzsch, J., … Nussenzweig, M. C. (2009). Broad diversity of neutralizing antibodies isolated from memory B cells in HIV-infected individuals. Nature, 458, 636. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature07930
- ^ HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies: understanding nature's pathways PMID 23772623)