Carl Theodore Liebermann
Carl Theodore Liebermann | |
|---|---|
| Born | 23 February 1842 |
| Died | 28 December 1914 (aged 72) |
| Alma mater | University of Berlin |
| Known for | Synthesis of Alizarin |
| Scientific career | |
| Institutions | University of Berlin |
| Doctoral advisor | Robert Wilhelm Bunsen, Adolf von Baeyer |
Carl Theodore Liebermann (23 February 1842 – 28 December 1914) was a German chemist and student of Adolf von Baeyer.
Life
Liebermann first studied at the University of Heidelberg where Robert Wilhelm Bunsen was teaching. He then joined the group of Adolf von Baeyer at the University of Berlin where he received his Ph.D. in 1865.
Together with Carl Graebe, Liebermann synthesized the orange-red dye alizarin in 1868. After his habilitation in 1870 he became professor at the University of Berlin after Adolf von Baeyer left for the University of Strasbourg. Shortly after Liebermann retired, in 1914, he died.[1]
Work
Liebermanm's 1868 discovery that alizarin can be reduced to form anthracene, which is an abundant component in coal tar, opened the road for synthetic alizarin.[2][3] The patent of Liebermann and Carl Graebe for the synthesis of alizarin from anthracene was filed one day before the patent of William Henry Perkin. The synthesis is a chlorination or bromination of antracene with a subsequent oxidation forming the alizarin. [4] The cooperation with BASF and especially with Heinrich Caro made a large scale production of alizarin possible.
References
- ^ P. Jocobson (1918). "Nekrolog: Carl Liebermann". Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft. 51 (2): 1135–1204. doi:10.1002/cber.19180510202.
- ^ C. Gräbe, C. Liebermann (1868). "Ueber Alizarin und Anthracen". Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft. 1 (1): 41–56. doi:10.1002/cber.18680010142.
- ^ C. Gräbe, C. Liebermann (1868). "Ueber Farbstoffe aus der Anthracengruppe". Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft. 1 (1): 104–106. doi:10.1002/cber.18680010142.
- ^ C. Graebe, C. Liebermann (1869). "Ueber künstliche Bildung von Alizarin". Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft. 2 (1): 14–14. doi:10.1002/cber.18690020106.
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