Cassiopea
| Cassiopea | |
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| Cassiopea sp. | |
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| Family: | Cassiopeidae Agassiz, 1862
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| Genus: | Cassiopea Péron & Lesueur, 1809
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| Species | |
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8 species, see text | |
Cassiopea (upside-down jellyfish) is a genus of true jellyfish and the only members of the family Cassiopeidae.[1] They are found in warmer coastal regions around the world, including shallow mangrove swamps, mudflats, canals, and turtle grass flats in Florida, and the Caribbean. The medusa usually lives upside-down on the bottom, which has earned them the common name. Where found, there may be numerous individuals with varying shades of white, blue, green and brown.
They have a mild sting since they are primarily photosynthetic, but sensitive individuals may have a stronger reaction. The photosynthesis occurs because, like most corals, they host zooxanthellae in their tissues.[2] The stinging cells are excreted in a mucus; swimming over the jellyfish (especially using swim fins) may cause transparent, essentially invisible, sheets of this mucus to be lifted up into the water column, where they are then encountered by unsuspecting swimmers. The stings, appearing in the form of a red rash-like skin irritation, are known for being extraordinarily itchy. Sometimes this jellyfish is picked up by the crab Dorippe frascone (family Dorippidae) and carried on its back. The crab uses the jellyfish to defend itself against possible predators.
Species
According to the World Register of Marine Species, this genus includes 8 species:[3]
- Cassiopea andromeda
- Cassiopea depressa
- Cassiopea frondosa
- Cassiopea medusa
- Cassiopea mertensi
- Cassiopea ndrosia
- Cassiopea ornata
- Cassiopea xamachana
References
- ^ "Cassiopeidae". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 3 August 2012.
- ^ Murphy, Richard C. (2002). Coral Reefs: Cities Under The Sea. Princeton, New Jersey: The Darwin Press. ISBN 978-0-87850-138-0.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - ^ "Cassiopea". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 3 August 2012.
External links
- Photo of a Crab carrying an Upside Down Jellyfish (Cassiopea andromeda)
- Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum entry on Cassiopea andromeda
- A Symbiotic Lifestyle: C. xamachana and Zooxanthellae
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