Central Plains Biosphere Reserve

Central Plains Biosphere Reserve
Central Plains Experimental Range
Yearling steers grazing on an experimental research pasture
Location	Colorado, USA
Nearest city	Nunn, Colorado
Coordinates	40°30′N 104°26′W
Area	6,210 hectares (24.0 sq mi)
Governing body	United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service

The Central Plains Biosphere Reserve (established in 1976) is a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve located in the western central Great Plains in north-central Colorado in the shortgrass prairie. The predominant grass is blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis). Other grasses include sand dropseed (Sporobolus cryptandrus), red three-awn (Aristida longispica) and buffalo grass (Buchloe dactyloides).

The 6,210 hectares (24.0 sq mi) reserve encompasses the Central Plains Experimental Range administered by the United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service.

History

The biosphere reserve has a long history of research on shortgrass prairie ecosystems and the effects of range management practices.Several areas in the biosphere reserve were farmed and grazed for many years and are now embedded in a countryside of intense agriculture.

In the Dust Bowl years of the mid 1930s, many farms and ranches of the western Great Plains were abandoned due to drought, overgrazing and soil blown from plowed fields. The U.S. Forest Service requested that the Central Plains Experimental Range be established to research improved management practices on fragile grasslands. The first research project was initiated in 1939 by the U.S. Forest Service. The Agricultural Act of 1953 reorganized the USDA and transferred administration of the CPER from the Forest Service to the Agricultural Research Service (ARS). Grazing studies begun in the 1930's are still being conducted to evaluate the long-term impacts of livestock on rangeland resources. Early studies at CPER focused on understanding plant life on native prairie and abandoned plowed lands, and on gaining knowledge of experimental techniques for measuring vegetation and livestock responses to different grazing systems. Numerous seeding trials for various range grasses were conducted; the resulting principles are used by consultants today. One of the most widely used scientific findings from past research at the CPER is livestock management decision-making based on ungrazed residue. Applicable information has been used to aid producers from Iceland to Africa. CPER is a part of the world wide Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) Program. Colorado State University and its Natural Resources Ecology Laboratory (NREL) have conducted extensive research at the site.

Monitoring

Monitoring is carried out on above-ground and below-ground plant biomass and livestock weights. There are four instrumented watersheds under different grazing intensities which are used to obtain data for water budgets.

References

 This article incorporates text from a free content work. Licensed under CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0. Text taken from "UNESCO - MAB Biosphere Reserves Directory". "Licensing page".

 This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Department of Agriculture.