View source for Chlorine azide

{{chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 429868421
| ImageFile1 = Chlorine azide.svg
| ImageSize1 = 120px
| ImageFileL2 = Chlorine-azide-from-MW-3D-bs-17.png
| ImageFileR2 = Chlorine-azide-from-MW-3D-sf.png
| IUPACName = Chlorine azide
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CASNo = 13973-88-1
| UNNumber = 
| PubChem = 61708
| SMILES = [N-]=[N+]=NCl}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = {{chem2|ClN3}}
| MolarMass = 77.4731 g/mol
| Appearance = Yellow-orange liquid; colorless gas
| Density = 
| MeltingPtC = -100
| BoilingPtC = -15
| Solubility = 
| SolubleOther = Soluble{{vague|date=March 2013}} in [[butane]], [[pentane]], [[benzene]], [[methanol]], [[ethanol]], [[diethyl ether]], [[acetone]], [[chloroform]], [[carbon tetrachloride]], and [[carbon disulfide]]; slightly soluble in water }}
|Section3={{Chembox Structure
| CrystalStruct = orthorhombic
| SpaceGroup = Cmc 2<sub>1</sub>, No. 36<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lyhs|first1=Benjamin|last2=Bläser|first2=Dieter|last3=Wölper|first3=Christoph|last4=Schulz|first4=Stephan|last5=Jansen|first5=Georg|date=2012|title=A Comparison of the Solid‐State Structures of Halogen Azides XN<sub>3</sub> (X=Cl, Br, I)|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/anie.201206028|journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition|volume=51|issue=51|pages=12859–12863|doi=10.1002/anie.201206028|pmid=23143850}}</ref> }}
|Section5={{Chembox Explosive
| ShockSens = Extreme
| FrictionSens = Extreme
| DetonationV = 
| REFactor = }}
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| MainHazards = Extremely sensitive explosive
| NFPA-H = 
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-R = 4
| NFPA-S =
| FlashPt = 
| AutoignitionPt = }}
|Section8={{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = 
| OtherCations = 
| OtherFunction = 
| OtherFunction_label = 
| OtherCompounds = [[Hydrazoic acid]]<br>[[Fluorine azide]]<br>[[Bromine azide]]<br>[[Iodine azide]]
}}
}}

'''Chlorine azide ''' ({{chem2|[[Chlorine|Cl]][[nitrogen|N]]3}}) is an [[inorganic compound]] that was discovered in 1908 by [[Friedrich Raschig]].<ref>{{ cite journal |author1=Frierson, W. J. |author2=Browne, A. W. | title = Chlorine Azide. II. Interaction of Chlorine Azide and Silver Azide. Azino Silver Chloride, N<sub>3</sub>AgCl | journal = [[Journal of the American Chemical Society]] | year = 1943 | volume = 65 | issue = 9 | pages = 1698–1700 | doi = 10.1021/ja01249a013 }}</ref> 
Concentrated {{chem2|ClN3}} is notoriously unstable and may spontaneously detonate at any temperature.<ref>{{ cite journal |author1=Frierson, W. J. |author2=Kronrad, J. |author3=Browne, A. W. | title = Chlorine Azide, ClN<sub>3</sub>. I. | journal = [[Journal of the American Chemical Society]] | year = 1943 | volume = 65 | issue = 9 | pages = 1696–1698 | doi = 10.1021/ja01249a012 }}</ref>

==Preparation and handling==
Chlorine azide is prepared by passing [[chlorine gas]] over [[silver azide]], or by an addition of [[acetic acid]] to a solution of [[sodium hypochlorite]] and [[sodium azide]].<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Raschig | first1 = F. | title = Über Chlorazid N<sub>3</sub>Cl | journal = Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft | year = 1908 | volume = 41 | issue = 3 | pages = 4194–4195 | doi = 10.1002/cber.190804103130 | url = https://zenodo.org/record/1426305 }}</ref>

==Explosive characteristics==
Chlorine azide is extremely sensitive. It may explode, sometimes even without apparent provocation; it is thus too sensitive to be used commercially unless first diluted in solution. Chlorine azide reacts explosively with [[1,3-butadiene]], [[ethane]], [[ethene]], [[methane]], [[propane]], [[phosphorus]], [[silver azide]], and [[sodium]]. On contact with [[acid]], chlorine azide decomposes, evolving toxic and corrosive [[hydrogen chloride]] gas.<ref>{{PubChem|61708}}</ref>

==Regulatory information==
Its shipment is subject to strict reporting requirements and regulations by the [[US Department of Transportation]].

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Commonscatinline}}

{{Chlorine compounds}}
{{Nitrogen compounds}}
{{Azides}}

[[Category:Azido compounds]]
[[Category:Explosive chemicals]]
[[Category:Explosive gases]]
[[Category:Substances discovered in the 1900s]]
[[Category:Chlorine compounds]]
[[Category:Pseudohalogens]]