Christchurch Park
Christchurch Park is a 70-acre (280,000 m2) area of rolling lawns, wooded areas, and delicately created arboreta in central Ipswich, Suffolk, England. It contains Christchurch Mansion which holds a public museum and art gallery. The park opened as the town's first public park in 1895.[1]
History
From the 12th century the park was the site of the Augustinian Priory of the Holy Trinity. In 1536 the Priory's estates were seized by the crown during Henry VIII's Dissolution of the Monasteries. The land was purchased by a London merchant, Paul Withipoll in 1545, and between 1548 and 1550 his son Edmund had the priory demolished and built Christchurch Mansion in its place.[2] The Mansion remains the impressive Tudor centrepiece of the park and contains a museum, art gallery and tea room.
Apart from a small disused lion's head water fountain provided for the poor of Ipswich by the Augustinians, there is no trace left of the priory buildings, although the Round Pond and Wilderness Pond in the park are thought to have originally stocked fish for the monks. St Margaret's Church, which was built by the monks in the 13th century and which served as church and burial place to the lords of the Manor, is also still standing in a corner of the park on St Margaret's Plain.[citation needed]
During the 1560s there was an ongoing dispute with the Ipswich Corporation in relation to various alterations carried out and public access to the annual fair.[2] In 1567 Edmund Withypoll constructed a new pond, now known as the 'Wilderness Pond'. Queen Elizabeth I stayed at the mansion for six days during August 1561.[3] She returned to the town for four days in 1575.[3]
Edmunds's granddaughter Elizabeth Withipoll married Leicester Devereux, 6th Viscount Hereford and the mansion passed to the Devereux family, who rebuilt the upper floors after a fire in about 1670, when the main porch was also added.[4] Claude Fonnereau bought the Christchurch estate in 1734 which at the time totaled more than 114 acres (0.46 km2) of land (today's park covers about 82 acres).[2] By 1772 the public were granted some access to the park and tried to introduce keys for those who would sign an agreement with conditions of entry.[2]
Following efforts by the Ipswich Corporation to find land for a public park in 1848 W.C. Fonnereau leased 13 acres (53,000 m2) to the corporation from 1851 who developed the arboretum in the same year that the park was visited by Prince Albert.[2] By 1895 the mansion was owned by Felix Cobbold who offered to give it to the corporation on condition that the corporation purchased the rest of the grounds. A deal was concluded and the park opened to the public on 11 April 1895.[2]
The park contains memorials to the Ipswich Martyrs which was installed in 1903. The war memorial to servicemen lost during the Boer War, World War I was moved to the park from cornhill in 1924. The corporation acquire the upper arboretum in 1928.[2]
The Great Storm of 1987 which affected most parts of the United Kingdom had drastic effects on the park, destroying around 230 trees including the last remaining elm.[citation needed]
In 2004, the park received a £4.2 million grant from the Heritage Lottery Fund for a programme of extensive renovation and restoration of its facilities and historical features. This renovation included the 2006 draining of both the 'round' and 'wilderness' ponds in order to remove the five feet of silt that had collected over the previous 80 years.[5]
The park today
Gardens
The Upper and Lower Arboretums within Christchurch Park are the horticultural gem of Ipswich providing inspiration to gardeners and a tranquil setting for relaxation and reflection. Just a few minutes from the town centre the formal gardens are planted with seasonal bedding displays, rose and shrub beds, an island herbaceous bed, formal carpet bedding and a large rockery. Paths gently weave through the gardens past tennis courts, croquet lawns and a band stand. Visitors will find ample seating and a large grass area for picnics.
Wildlife and ornithology
Christchurch Park is home to in excess of 100 different bird varieties, including a large selection of ducks, geese and swans which inhabit the two large ponds situated within the park. A small bird reserve was set up in the early 1990s, and dog-walkers are restricted to keeping their pets on a lead within this area to reduce disturbances to the birds. Alongside the birds of the park, grey squirrels and a fox inhabit the arboreta.
Sport and leisure within the park
Sporting facilities within the park include tennis courts, a croquet lawn and a bowling green. Christchurch Park has also long been the centre of many of Ipswich's leisure and entertainment events. The Ipswich Carnival, a giant fireworks display, The Ipswich Flower Show and The Ipswich Music Festival are all held here, along with concerts from bands such as McFly, Busted, Diversity (Britain's Got Talent), Jedward, Jools Holland and Status Quo. Every summer, a "Proms in the Park" event is also held together with a screening of a popular film in the park's 'bowl', Snow Hill, prompting al fresco patriotism. An annual parade of historic vehicles also assembles along the spinal path of the park, and marks the start of the Ipswich to Felixstowe Run.
References
- ^ "Park revamp close to completion". BBC News. 9 April 2008. Retrieved 2008-04-09.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Christchurch Park - A Chronological History". Ipswich Borough Council. Retrieved 2010-01-23.
- ^ a b Twinch (2008), page 57
- ^ Norwich (1985), page 595
- ^ "Transformation underway at park". Ipswich Evening Star. 10 January 2007. Retrieved 2008-04-09.
- Sources
- Twinch C (2008). The history of Ipswich. Breedon Books Publishing. ISBN 978-1-85983-625-5.
- John Julius Norwich (1985). The Architecture of Southern England. Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-22037-4.