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Competition Act

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Not to be confused with Competition Act 2002.

The Competition Act is a Canadian federal law governing competition law in Canada. The Act contains both criminal and civil provisions aimed at preventing anti-competitive practices in the marketplace. The Act is enforced and administered by the Competition Bureau, and cases are adjudicated by the Competition Tribunal.

History

The first legislation in Canada dealing with competition was first introduced in 1889.[1] The legislation prohibited conspiracies and agreements by businesses in restraint of trade.[1] Inspired by the American Sherman Antitrust Act, the legislation was mostly incorporated into the Canadian Criminal Code two years later.[1] In 1912, the Supreme Court of Canada ruled that the purpose of the legislation was protect the public interest in free competition.[1] The provisions remained in the Criminal Code until 1960, when the federal government introduced the Combines Investigation Act.[1]

In 1986, the legislation was again amended and renamed the Competition Act by the conservative government of Brian Mulroney.[2][1]

Administration

The administration and enforcement of the Competition Act is done by the Competition Bureau,[3] which is also responsible for the administration and enforcement of the Consumer Packaging and Labelling Act, the Textile Labelling Act and the Precious Metals Marking Act.

Competition Tribunal

The Competition Tribunal is a specialized administrative body that has exclusive jurisdiction to hear certain competition matters.[4]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f Goldman, Calvin S.; Bodrug, J. D. (2013-12-01). Competition Law of Canada. Juris Publishing, Inc. ISBN 9781578230969.
  2. ^ J. Trebilcock, Michael (2003). The Law and Economics of Canadian Competition Policy. University of Toronto Press. p. 22. ISBN 0802086128.
  3. ^ Canada, Government of Canada, Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada, Office of the Deputy Minister, Competition Bureau. "Our Organization - Competition Bureau". competitionbureau.gc.ca. Retrieved 2016-01-07.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. ^ Harris, H. Stephen (2001-01-01). Competition Laws Outside the United States. American Bar Association. ISBN 9781570738814.


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