3rd-century Christian martyrs and saints
Saints Crispin and Crispinian are the Christian patron saints of cobblers , curriers , tanners , and leather workers. They were beheaded during the reign of Diocletian ; the date of their execution is given as 25 October 285 or 286.
The Martyrdom of Saints Crispin and Crispinian by Aert van den Bossche , 1494Born to a noble Roman family in the 3rd century AD, Crispin and Crispinian fled persecution for their faith, ending up at Soissons (modern-day France), where they preached Christianity to the Gauls while making shoes by night. It is stated that they were twin brothers.[ 1]
They earned enough by their trade to support themselves and aid people experiencing poverty. Their success attracted the ire of Rictus Varus , Roman governor of Belgic Gaul ,[ 2] tortured and thrown into the river with millstones around their necks. Though they survived, they were beheaded by the emperor c. 286.[ 3]
The feast day of Saints Crispin and Crispinian is 25 October .[ 4] liturgical calendar following the Second Vatican Council , the two saints are still commemorated on that day in the most recent edition of the Roman Church's martyrology .[ 5]
In the sixth century, a stately basilica was erected over these saints' graves at Soissons, and St. Eligius , a famous goldsmith , made a costly shrine for the head of St. Crispinian.[ 1] Charlemagne , partly to Osnabrück and partly to the church of San Lorenzo in Panisperna in Rome.[ 4] [ 1]
They are the patron saints of cobblers, glove makers, lace makers, lace workers, leather workers, saddle makers, saddlers, shoemakers, tanners, and weavers .[ 6] guilds of shoemakers took the chief part.[ 4] remembered in the Church of England with a commemoration on 25 October .[ 7]
Cultural references [ edit ] The Battle of Agincourt was fought on Saint Crispin's feastday . (The English tradition placed the twins at Canterbury rather than Gaul.[ 8] Shakespeare 's St. Crispin's Day Speech (sometimes called the "Band Of Brothers" Speech) from his play Henry V Die Meistersinger Wagner has the shoemakers' guild enter singing a song of praise to St. Crispin.
A 16th-century legend links them to the town of Faversham , Kent , England.[ 9] [ 10] pub "Crispin and Crispianus" at Strood in Kent .[ 11]
^ a b c Meier, Gabriel (1908). "Sts. Crispin and Crispinian" . The Catholic Encyclopedia . Vol. 4. New York: Robert Appleton Company. ^ See: Jones, Arnold Hugh Martin; Martindale, John Robert; Morris, J. (1971). The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire: V. 1 A.D. 260–395 Cambridge University Press . p. 766. ISBN 978-0-521-07233-5
^ "Saints of the day: Crispin and Crispinian" . Angelus News . October 25, 2022.^ a b c public domain : Chisholm, Hugh , ed. (1911). "Crispin and Crispinian ". Encyclopædia Britannica ^ Martyrologium Romanum [Roman Martyrology ] (in Latin) (2nd ed.). Vatican City: Libreria Editrice Vaticana. 2004. p. 590.^ "St. Crispin and St. Crispinian" . Catholic News Agency .^ "The Calendar" . The Church of England . Retrieved 2021-04-08 .^ "History of Shoemaking in Britain—Roman to Medieval" , Heart & Sole: Boot and Shoe Making in Staffordshire , Shugborough: Staffordshire County Museum, 12 September 2010, archived from the original on 22 February 2014, retrieved 1 July 2023 {{citation }}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link )^ Ridgway, Claire (October 25, 2020). "25 October - Twin saints and a local legend - The Tudor Society" . www.tudorsociety.com . ^ Plaques, Open. "Crispin and Crispianus grey plaque" . openplaques.org . ^ "CRISPIN AND CRISPIANUS Pub of Strood" . www.dover-kent.com .
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