David Bailey
David Bailey | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | David Royston Bailey 2 January 1938 Leytonstone, London |
| Nationality | British |
| Occupation | Photographer |
| Years active | 1958-present |
| Spouse(s) | Rosemary Bramble (1960-1964), Catherine Deneuve (1965-1972), Marie Helvin (1975-1982), Catherine Dyer (1986-present) |
| Children | 3 |
David Royston Bailey CBE (born 2 January 1938) is an iconic figure who is regarded as one of the best British photographers.[1][2] Born in the East End,[3] he became a photographic assistant at the John French studio, then photographer for John Cole's Studio Five before being contracted as a fashion photographer for British Vogue magazine in 1960. Along with Terence Donovan and Brian Duffy, he captured and helped create the 'Swinging London' of the 1960s. In 2012, the BBC made a film of the story of his classic 1962 New York photoshoot with Jean Shrimpton.[4]
Early life
David Bailey was born in Leytonstone, London, to father Herbert, a tailor's cutter, and mother Gladys, later a machinist. From the age of three he lived in East Ham.[5]
"In the winter", he recalled, the family "would take bread-and-jam sandwiches and go to the cinema every night because in those days it was cheaper to go to the cinema than to put on the gas fire. I'll bet I saw seven or eight movies a week."[6]
I remember our house being bombed when I was three. It was in Leytonstone – Alfred Hitchcock was born in the next street – in the East End, and we moved to East Ham. Some days you went to school and some days you didn't, and some days at school you went into the shelter.[5]
I remember watching the doodlebugs [V-1 flying bombs] in the sky. A V-2 rocket knocked out a cinema in Upton Park where I used to go. I was not happy, I thought Hitler had killed Mickey Mouse and Bambi.[7][page needed]
I remember looking through the railings, waiting for my mum to take me home from Plashet Grove school. And I remember that for once in my life I got something right: when we were asked, "Who built the Suez Canal?" I said, "The French." I got it right by accident: I thought everyone who was foreign was French. After that, it was downhill all the way.[5]
Bailey developed a love of natural history, and this led him into photography. Suffering from undiagnosed dyslexia, he experienced problems at school. He attended a private school, Clark's College in Ilford, where he says they taught him less than the more basic council school. As well as dyslexia he also has the motor skill disorder dyspraxia
We were posh East End, if that's possible, but I had cardboard in my shoes and was at the social bottom of this cheap private school; some of the parents had tobacconist's shops, which was a bit posher.[citation needed]
In one school year, he claims he only attended 33 times.[5] He left school on his fifteenth birthday, to become a copy boy at the Fleet Street offices of the Yorkshire Post. He raced through a series of dead end jobs, before his call up for National Service in 1956, serving with the Royal Air Force in Singapore in 1957. The appropriation of his trumpet forced him to consider other creative outlets, and he bought a Rolleiflex camera.
He was demobbed in August 1958, and determined to pursue a career in photography, he purchased a Canon Rangefinder. Unable to obtain a place at the London College of Printing, because of his school record, he became a second assistant to David Ollins, in Charlotte Mews. He earned £3 10s (£3.50) a week, and acted as studio dogsbody. He was delighted to be called to an interview with photographer John French.
Professional career
In 1959 he became a photographic assistant at the John French studio, and in May 1960, he was a photographer for John Cole's Studio Five before being contracted as a fashion photographer for British Vogue magazine later that year.[7][page needed] He also undertook a large amount of freelance work.[8]
Along with Terence Donovan and Brian Duffy, he captured and helped create the 'Swinging London' of the 1960s: a culture of high fashion and celebrity chic. The three photographers socialised with actors, musicians and royalty, and found themselves elevated to celebrity status. Together, they were the first real celebrity photographers, named by Norman Parkinson as "the Black Trinity".[9]
The film Blowup (1966), directed by Michelangelo Antonioni, concerns the work and sexual habits of a London fashion photographer played by David Hemmings and is largely based on Bailey.[citation needed]
The "Swinging London" scene was aptly reflected in his Box of Pin-Ups (1964): a box of poster-prints of 1960s celebrities and socialites including Terence Stamp, The Beatles, Mick Jagger, Jean Shrimpton, PJ Proby, Cecil Beaton, Rudolf Nureyev, Andy Warhol and notorious East End gangsters the Kray twins (see photo).
The box was an unusual and unique commercial release, and it reflected the changing status of the photographer that one could sell a collection of prints in this way. (The strong objection to the presence of the Krays on the part of fellow photographer Lord Snowdon was the major reason no American edition of the "Box" ever appeared, nor a British second edition issued.) The record sale for a copy of 'Box of Pin-Ups' is reported as "north of £20,000".[10]
Bailey's ascent at Vogue was meteoric. Within months he was shooting covers and at the height of his productivity he shot 800 pages of Vogue editorial in one year.[11] Penelope Tree, a former girlfriend, described him as "the king lion on the Savannah: incredibly attractive, with a dangerous vibe. He was the electricity, the brightest, most powerful, most talented, most energetic force at the magazine".[11]
American Vogue's creative director Grace Coddington, then a model herself said "It was the Sixties, it was a raving time, and Bailey was unbelievably good-looking. He was everything that you wanted him to be – like the Beatles but accessible – and when he went on the market everyone went in. We were all killing ourselves to be his model, although he hooked up with Jean Shrimpton pretty quickly".[11]
Of supermodel Jean Shrimpton, Bailey said:
She was magic and the camera loved her too. In a way she was the cheapest model in the world – you only needed to shoot half a roll of film and then you had it. She had the knack of having her hand in the right place, she knew where the light was, she was just a natural.[8]
Since 1966, Bailey has also directed several television commercials and documentaries. From 1968 to 1971 he directed and produced the TV documentaries entitled "Beaton", "Warhol" and "Visconti".
As well as fashion photography, Bailey has been responsible for record album sleeve art for performers including The Rolling Stones and Marianne Faithfull. One of Bailey's most famous works depicts the Rolling Stones. It features Brian Jones, who drowned in 1969 while under the influence of drink and drugs. He is seen standing slightly apart from the rest of the group.[8]
Bailey was hired in 1970 by Island Records' Chris Blackwell to shoot publicity photos of Cat Stevens for his upcoming album Tea for the Tillerman. Stevens (now known as Yusuf Islam) maintains that he disliked having his photo on the cover of his albums, as had previously been the case, although he gave consent to allow Bailey's photographs to be placed on the inner sleeve of the album.[12]
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In 1972 rock star Alice Cooper was photographed by Bailey for Vogue magazine, almost naked covered with a snake. Cooper used Bailey the following year to shoot for the groups chart topping 'Billion Dollar Babies' album, with one billion dollars and a baby wearing mascara, being shot under armed guard.
In 1976, Bailey published Ritz Newspaper together with David Litchfield.[13][dead link]
In 1992 Bailey directed the BBC Drama "Who Dealt?" starring Juliet Stevenson, story by Ring Lardner. In 1995 he directed and wrote the South Bank Film; "The Lady is a Tramp" featuring his wife Catherine Bailey. In 1998 he directed a documentary with Ginger Television Production, "Models Close Up", commissioned by Channel 4 Television.
Bailey was awarded the CBE in 2001.[8]
In 2005, he was involved in a feature titled "British Rule" for GQ, charting the British influence on rock n' roll, photographing several artists including Paul Weller, Jarvis Cocker, Razorlight, Brian Eno, M.I.A., Ian Brown, The Futureheads, Belle & Sebastian, Damon Albarn, Dizzee Rascal, Kaiser Chiefs, Robyn Hitchcock, Super Furry Animals, and Colin Blunstone for the spread.[14]
In 2010, he visited Afghanistan to photograph British troops raising money for the charity Help For Heroes.[15]
In 2011 Jerome de Missolz released a documentary called 'David Bailey: Four Beats to the Bar and No Cheating".
He maintains that his style of photography remains the same:
I've always tried to do pictures that don't date. I always go for simplicity.[8]
Painting
Bailey has also taken a keen interest in art over the years. An exhibition of his paintings and mixed media works was held at London's Scream, opening in October 2011. It presents portraits and paintings inspired by his childhood, influences, inspiration, fears and desires.[16]
Personal life
Bailey has been married four times: in 1960 to Rosemary Bramble; in 1965 to the actress Catherine Deneuve (divorced 1972); in 1975 to the model Marie Helvin; and in 1986 to the model Catherine Dyer (b. 20 July 1961), to whom he remains married. He has not eaten mammals from an early age,[citation needed] refrains from drinking alcohol and does not exercise. He is an art-lover with a long-held passion for the works of Picasso. He lives in London and on Dartmoor, near Plymouth, and has three children, Paloma, Fenton and Sascha. He has a younger sister, Thelma.
On 26 January 2012, the story of his relationship with Jean Shrimpton was broadcast on BBC Four in a film, We'll Take Manhattan, with Aneurin Barnard playing the part of Bailey.[17]
Books
Box of Pin-Ups, 1964
Goodbye Baby & Amen, 1969
Warhol, 1974
Beady Minces, 1974
Papua New Guinea, 1975
Mixed Moments, 1976
Trouble and Strife, 1980
Bailey NW1, 1982
Black & White Memories, 1983
Nudes 1981–1984, 1984
Imagine, 1985
If We Shadows, 2001
The Lady is a Tramp, 1995
Rock & Roll Heroes, 1997
Archive One, 1999 (also titled The Birth of the Cool for USA)
Chasing Rainbows, 2001
Art of Violence, Kate Kray & David Bailey, 2003 (also titled as Diamond Geezers)
Bailey/Rankin Down Under, 2003
Archive Two: Locations, 2003
Bailey's Democracy, 2005
Havana, 2006
NY JS DB 62, 2007
Pictures That Mark Can Do, 2007
Is That So Kid, 2008
David Bailey: 8 Minutes: Hirst & Bailey, 2009 With Damien Hirst
EYE, 2009
Flowers, Skulls, Contacts, 2010
British Heroes in Afghanistan, 2010
Exhibitions
 | This article may contain an excessive amount of intricate detail that may interest only a particular audience. (April 2012) |
National Portrait Gallery 1971
One Man Retrospective Victoria & Albert Museum 1983
International Center of Photography (ICP) NY 1984
Curator "Shots of Style" Victoria & Albert Museum 1985
Pictures of Sudan for Band Aid at The Institute for Contemporary Arts (ICA) 1985
Auction at Sotheby's for Live Aid Concert for Band Aid 1985
Bailey Now! Royal Photographic Society in Bath 1989
Numerous Exhibitions at Hamiltons Gallery, London. 1989 to now
Fahey Klein Gallery, Los Angeles 1990
Camerawork Photogallerie, Berlin. 1997
Carla Sozanni. Milan. 1997
A Gallery for Fine Photography, New Orleans. 1998
Touring exhibition "Birth of the Cool" 1957–1969 & contemporary work
Barbican Art Gallery, London – 1999
National Museum of Film, Photography & Television, Bradford. 1999–2000
Moderna Museet, Stockholm, Sweden. 2000
City Art Museum, Helsinki, Finland 2000
Modern Art Museum, The Dean Gallery, National Galleries of Scotland, Edinburgh 2001
Proud Gallery London Bailey /Rankin Down Under
Gagosian Gallery. Joint with Damien Hirst “14 Stations of the Cross” 2004
Gagosian Gallery. Artists by David Bailey.2004
Democracy. Faggionato Fine Arts 2005
Havana. Faggionato Fine Arts 2006
Pop Art Gagosian London 2007
Galeria Hilario Galguera Mexico 2007
National Portrait Gallery – Beetles to Bowie 2009
Bonhams, London. Pure Sixties Pure Bailey 2010
Pangolin London. Sculpture + 2010
The Stockdale Effect, Pal Stolper Gallery, London 2010
References
- ^ Heaf, Jonathan (20 January 2012). "David Bailey photography interview - GQ.COM (UK)". gq-magazine.co.uk. Retrieved 10 April 2012.
- ^ "BBC Four - David Bailey: Four Beats to the Bar and No Cheating". bbc.co.uk. 2012 [last update]. Retrieved 10 April 2012.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|year=(help) - ^ The Houghton Mifflin Dictionary of Biography. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. 15 July 2003. p. 96. Retrieved 10 April 2012.
- ^ Lampert, Nicole (21 January 2012). "We'll Take Manhattan: Jean Shrimpton and David Bailey's love affair started the Swinging Sixties | Mail Online". dailymail.co.uk. Retrieved 10 April 2012.
- ^ a b c d "Passed/Failed: An education in the life of David Bailey, photographer", The Independent.
- ^ Stuart, Jeffries. "Out of his skulls". The Guardian.
{{cite news}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help) - ^ a b Levy, Shawn. Ready, Steady, Go!: The Smashing Rise and Giddy Fall of Swinging London. New York: Broadway. ISBN 978-0-7679-0588-6.
- ^ a b c d e "David Bailey: Godfather of Cool", BBC.
- ^ Pittman, Joanna (20 August 2009). "David Bailey:still snapping away at 71". The Times. London. Retrieved 20 August 2009.
- ^ Petkanas, Christopher (24 January 2011). "Photographer Who Broke Molds". The New York Times. Retrieved 24 January 2011.
- ^ a b c Ellison, Jo. "Rogue's Gallery". British Vogue.
{{cite news}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help); Check date values in:|accessdate=(help) - ^ Islam, Yusuf (Alun). "A conversation with Yusuf Islam & Alun Davies". Interview (upon the anniversary of Island Records) of Stevens and Davies. England: YouTube. Retrieved 4 February 2011.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|date=(help); Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ http://www.antiqbook.co.uk/boox/boothb/50000.shtml Retrieved 16 October 2007
- ^ "British Rule: GQ Features". GQ. Archived from the original on 27 November 2007. Retrieved 22 April 2008.
- ^ Roya, Nikkhah. "From fashion to flax jackets". The Sunday Telegraph.
{{cite news}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help) - ^ http://www.artlyst.com/events/david-bailey-hitler-killed-the-duck-scream "David Bailey 'Hitler killed the Duck' – Scream", ArtLyst. Retrieved 12 September 2011.
- ^ "We'll Take Manhattan". BBC News. Retrieved 26 January 2012.
External links
- David Bailey Website
- David Bailey at IMDb
- Liz Walker interviews David Bailey, September 1990
- Examples of his 1960s work.
- Text of 1994 interview.
- 2000 interview (text and video)
- 2006 CNN interview (text and video)
- David Bailey British Vogue Covers Archive