Draft:Scaeurgus unicirrhus
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Scaeurgus unicirrhus is a species of benthic octopus, commonly referred to as the unihorn octopus.[1] It is a member of the family Octopodidae.[2] This species typically lives in tropical and temperate waters at varying depths, most commonly found in the Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Ocean. Little is known of its lifestyle other than its diet and some anatomical and reproductive traits.
Description[edit]
Scaeurgus unicirrhus are bottom dwelling octopods, and are often seen displaying benthic habitus (having arms much larger than the body).[3] They are medium sized octopods, with the main feature separating them from other members of their genus is arm length and maximum size of the species, along with distribution. [4]
Distribution and Habitat[edit]
Scaeurgus unicirrhus are found most commonly in the Atlantic Ocean, and the Mediterranean sea. Outside of Florida and the Mediterranean, they are less commonly seen, though reports have shown small numbers along the coast of Africa and Western Europe.[5][6]Other members of the Scaeurgus genus have had reported populations near New Caledonia.[7] They are found at varying depths (100-500m) on the ocean floor.[8][7][9] Due to their typical habitat being warmer, benthic waters, Scaeurgus unicirrhus distribution is limited northward and southward by water temperature.
Feeding Ecology[edit]
Scaeurgus unicirrhus mainly feed on other benthic marine organisms.[1] though there is evidence of other animals feeding on them. Of their predators, the Longnose Spurdog is seen to be a predominant one as S. unicirrhus makes up about 50% of their cephalopod diet.[10]
Reproduction[edit]
Scaeurgus unicirrhus are gonochoristic. Like other warm-water octopods, they produce large quantities of small eggs (2-2.5 mm) that hatch into pelagic larvae.[11] The morphology of the adult and larvae are similar. The reproduce asynchronously, and spawn between May-August anually.[12]
References[edit]
- ^ a b Bello, G. (2004-08-18). "First record of paralarvae of Scaeurgus unicirrhus (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae)". Journal of Plankton Research. 26 (12): 1555–1558. doi:10.1093/plankt/fbh130. ISSN 1464-3774.
- ^ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Scaeurgus unicirrhus (Delle Chiaje, 1841)". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2024-04-16.
- ^ Bello, G. (2004-08-18). "First record of paralarvae of Scaeurgus unicirrhus (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae)". Journal of Plankton Research. 26 (12): 1555–1558. doi:10.1093/plankt/fbh130. ISSN 1464-3774.
- ^ Toll, Ronald B.; Binger, Lynetta C. (1991). "Arm anomalies: cases of supernumerary development and bilateral agenesis of arm pairs in Octopoda (Mollusca, Cephalopoda)". Zoomorphology. 110 (6): 313–316. doi:10.1007/bf01668021. ISSN 0720-213X.
- ^ Sánchez, P.; Alvarez, J. A. (1988). "Scaeurgus unicirrhus (Orbigny, 1840) (Cephalopoda, Octopodidae): first record from the South-East Atlantic". South African Journal of Marine Science. 7 (1): 69–74. doi:10.2989/025776188784379107. ISSN 0257-7615.
- ^ Goncalves, Joao M.; Martins, Helen R. (1992). "Additions to the Octopoda (mollusca: cephalopoda) Fauna of Madeira" (PDF). Bocagiana. 157: 1–10.
- ^ a b Norman, Mark D.; Hochberg, F. G.; Boucher-Rodoni, Renata (2005-11-01). "A Revision of the Deep-Water Octopus Genus Scaeurgus (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae) with Description of Three New Species from the Southwest Pacific Ocean". Journal of Molluscan Studies. 71 (4): 319–337. doi:10.1093/mollus/eyi033. ISSN 1464-3766.
- ^ "Scaeurgus unicirrhus, Unihorn octopus : fisheries". www.sealifebase.ca. Retrieved 2024-04-16.
- ^ Quetglas, A; Carbonell, A; Sánchez, P (2000). "Demersal Continental Shelf and Upper Slope Cephalopod Assemblages from the Balearic Sea (North-Western Mediterranean). Biological Aspects of Some Deep-Sea Species". Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. 50 (6): 739–749. Bibcode:2000ECSS...50..739Q. doi:10.1006/ecss.1999.0603. ISSN 0272-7714.
- ^ Kousteni, Vasiliki; Karachle, Paraskevi K.; Megalofonou, Persefoni; Lefkaditou, Evgenia (2018). "Cephalopod prey of two demersal sharks caught in the Aegean Sea (eastern Mediterranean)". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 98 (1): 81–88. Bibcode:2018JMBUK..98...81K. doi:10.1017/S002531541700159X. ISSN 0025-3154.
- ^ Haimovici, Manuel; Cardoso, Luís Gustavo (2016-12-09). "Long-term changes in the fisheries in the Patos Lagoon estuary and adjacent coastal waters in Southern Brazil". Marine Biology Research. 13 (1): 135–150. doi:10.1080/17451000.2016.1228978. ISSN 1745-1000.
- ^ Laptikhovsky, Vladimir; Salman, Alp; Önsoy, Bahadir; Akalin, Meryem; Ceylan, Beytullah (2014). "Reproduction in rare bathyal octopods Pteroctopus tetracirrhus and Scaeurgus unicirrhus (Cephalopoda: Octopoda) in the east Mediterranean as an apparent response to extremely oligotrophic deep seas". Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers. 92: 85–92. Bibcode:2014DSRI...92...85L. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2014.06.009. ISSN 0967-0637.