Edward Villiers (Master of the Mint)
Sir Edward Villiers (c.1585 – 7 September 1626) was an English diplomat, office-holder and politician from the Villiers family who sat in the House of Commons from 1621 to 1625.
Family
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Edward Villiers, born about 1585, was the second son of Sir George Villiers by his first wife, Audrey Saunders (d.1587), the daughter and heir of William Saunders (d. 14 July 1582) of Harrington, Northamptonshire[1] by Frances Zouche, the daughter of William Zouche of Bulwick, Northamptonshire, son of John Zouche, 7th Baron Zouche (c.1440-1527) of Harringworth,[2] who fought for Richard III at Bosworth.[3]
He had an elder brother, Sir William Villiers (d. 12 June 1629),[4] created a baronet in 1619,[1] who married Rebecca Roper, daughter and co-heir of Robert Roper, esquire, by Elizabeth Nott, the daughter of William Nott, esquire, of Thames Ditton;[5] and three sisters, Elizabeth Villiers (d.1654), who married John Boteler, 1st Baron Boteler of Brantfield;[6] Anne Villiers, who married Sir William Washington, brother of Lawrence Washington, ancestor of George Washington;[7] and Frances Villiers, who died without issue.
By his father's second marriage he was a half-brother of James I's favourite, George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham; John Villiers, 1st Viscount Purbeck; and Christopher Villiers, 1st Earl of Anglesey.
Career
Villiers was knighted on 7 September 1616. In October 1617, he succeeded Sir Richard Martin as Master of the Mint (until 1623), and in November 1618 he became comptroller of the Court of Wards.[8] From 1623 until his death he was Warden of the Mint.[9]
On 30 December 1620 Villiers was elected Member of Parliament for Westminster. In the same month he was sent to Frederick V, Elector Palatine to say that assistance would be rendered him, but only on condition that he entered into an agreement to relinquish the crown of Bohemia. Villiers returned before May and took his seat in parliament, but was in that month temporarily excluded from the house for attempting to speak on the question of a patent, in which he was personally interested (the gold and silver patent in which Villiers had invested £4,000 in 1617, and from which he derived an income of £500 annually). His conduct was vindicated in the inquiry by the House of Lords in June, and Villiers was allowed to resume his seat in the Commons. In September he was again sent to the Elector Frederick, then serving with the Dutch army, to persuade him to withdraw from it and submit to the Holy Roman Emperor. On 23 September 1622 he was granted a lease of the customs and subsidies on gold and silver thread on condition of surrendering the mastership of the mint, but the latter office was restored to him in July 1624. He was re-elected MP for Westminster on 22 January 1624 for the Happy Parliament, and on 25 April 1625 for the Useless Parliament. In August 1625 he asked the commons to prevent a dissolution by desisting from their attack on Buckingham.[8]
Meanwhile, James I, in January 1625, appointed Villiers Lord President of Munster; the appointment was confirmed by Charles I on 6 May, and in August Villiers went to Ireland to assume his duties. He held the post little over a year, and was absent for several months during that period.
Villiers died in the college of Youghal, which he made his official residence, on 7 September 1626; he was buried in St. Mary's, Youghal.[1]
Marriage and issue
Villiers married, about 1612, Barbara St John, daughter of Sir John St John (c.1552-1594) of Lydiard Tregoze, Wiltshire and Lucy Hungerford (1560-1598), daughter of Sir Walter Hungerford (c.1526-1596) of Farleigh Castle, Somerset, by Anne Dormer (1525-1603),[10][11] by whom he had ten children.[1] Villiers' wife was the niece of Oliver St John, created Viscount Grandison on 3 January 1612. Grandison had no issue, and Villier's half-brother, Buckingham, arranged for Villiers and his sons to inherit the Grandison title.[1]
Villier's eldest son William Villiers, succeeded as 2nd Viscount Grandison in 1630, and was father of Barbara Villiers, Duchess of Cleveland. Villiers' second and third sons, John Villiers and George Villiers, succeeded as 3rd and 4th Viscounts Grandison. Villiers' fourth son, Sir Edward Villiers, was father of Edward Villiers, 1st Earl of Jersey.[8]
Villiers's widow, Barbara, died in 1672.[1]
Notes
- ^ a b c d e f Thrush 2004.
- ^ Howard 1868, p. 159.
- ^ Metcalfe 1887, p. 45.
- ^ Handley 2004.
- ^ Waters 1878, pp. 588, 595.
- ^ Cokayne 1912, p. 229.
- ^ Burke 1852, p. 42.
- ^ a b c Pollard 1899, pp. 324–325
- ^ "Master of the Mint". Institute of Historical Research. Retrieved 2012-01-14.
- ^ Ashton 2004.
- ^ A Who’s Who of Tudor Women: Hi-Hy, compiled by Kathy Lynn Emerson to update and correct Wives and Daughters: The Women of Sixteenth-Century England (1984) Retrieved 27 August 2013.
References
- Ashton, D.J. (2004). "Hungerford, Walter, Baron Hungerford of Heytesbury (1503–1540)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/14183. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- Burke, John Bernard (1852). A Visitation of the Seats and Arms of the Noblemen and Gentlemen of Great Britain. Vol. I. London: Henry Colburn. p. 42. Retrieved 26 August 2013.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Cokayne, George Edward (1912). The Complete Peerage, edited by Vicary Gibbs. Vol. II. London: St. Catherine Press. p. 229.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Handley, Stuart (2004). "Villiers, John, Viscount Purbeck (1591?–1658)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/28299. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- Howard, Joseph Jackson, ed. (1868). Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica. Vol. I. London: Hamilton Adams. p. 159. Retrieved 26 August 2013.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Metcalfe, Walter C., ed. (1887). The Visitations of Northamptonshire Made in 1564 and 1618–19. London: Mitchell and Hughes. p. 45. Retrieved 26 August 2013.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Thrush, Andrew (2004). "Villiers, Sir Edward (c.1585–1626)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/28288. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- Waters, Robert Edmund Chester (1878). Genealogical Memoirs of the Extinct Family of Chester of Chicheley. Vol. II. London: Hamilton Adams. pp. 588, 595. Retrieved 26 August 2013.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Burke's Peerage and Baronetage (1939), s.v. Jersey, Earl
- Attribution
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Pollard, Albert Frederick (1899). "Villiers, Edward (1585?-1626)". In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 58. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 324–325.