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An enolate anion is an anion derived by loss of a proton from the alpha carbon of a carbonyl group; it is the anion of an enol.
For instance, a base abstracts one proton from acetone to form enolate anion.
The enolate anion is stabilized by resonance and therefore the alpha hydrogen is acidic:
Enolate anions undergo the Mannich reaction with imminium ions.
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