Ernest H. Hereford
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Ernest H. Hereford | |
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| Born | 21 December 1894 Llano, Texas, US |
| Died | 24 November 1958 Arlington, Texas, US |
| Nationality | American |
| Citizenship | American |
| Alma mater |
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| Known for | Dean, North Texas Agricultural College President, Arlington State University |
| Honors | E. H. Hereford Statue E.H. Hereford University Center |
Ernest 'H' Hereford [1](December 21, 1894 – November 24, 1958) was Dean of North Texas Agricultural College from 1946-49, when the school was renamed Arlington State College he served as President from 1949 until his death in 1958. The college would later become the University of Texas at Arlington in 1965. His tenure included the expansion of the school system, the changing nature of the school away from primarily-agricultural studies, Cold War-era "Citizenship classes" being promoted via the state government, as well as the spear-heading the change of the school theme from 'Blue Riders' to the 'Rebels' in 1951.
Early Life
Hereford was born in 1894 in Burnet, Texas. After graduating from Robert E. Lee High School in Burnet, Texas he went to Southwestern University. From 1916 to 1921 he was a ward school principal and athletic coach in the Llano Public School. From 1921 until 1932 he was a college professor at Southwestern University and the University of Texas in Austin. From 1932 to 1938 he was the superintendent of schools, and President of the Municipal Junior College at Corpus Christi. Hereford also established the Corpus Christi Junior College in 1935. From 1938 to 1941 he was the State College Examiner and Curriculum Director for the State Department of Education in Austin, Texas. In 1941 he became the Dean of the Staff and Director of Public Relations at the Hockaday School of Dallas.
Since 1942, Hereford has been associated with attached to the-then North Texas Agricultural College. First brought on as Registrar, then promoted by then-Dean E. E. Davis as associate Dean in 1943, and finally promoted to Dean in 1946 as Davis retired. In 1949, the college was transformed into the Arlington State College, or ASC, and E. H. Hereford became its’ first President in the newly reorganized Texas A&M system.[2]
The Rebel Theme
In the summer of 1951, Hereford set up a committee comprising Colonel Edgar H. Keltner, Miss Melba Hammack, Colonel Earl D. Irons, Cothburn M. O’Neal and several students to discuss changes to the theme and mascot of the school. Hereford felt that the students did not really appreciate the then-current 'Blue Riders' as a team or a theme of the school. Two candidates were to be presented to the student body at the first fall weekly assembly in 1951 - the 'Cadets', and the 'Rebels'. Regardless of the choice, a song was already written by Colonel Earl D. Irons and Cothburn O’Neal named 'Fight on, Rebels!' or 'Fight on, Cadets!' depending on the choice of the students.
On September 18th, 1951 the fall assembly chose the 'Rebels' as their mascot as a unanimous-decision. Hereford stressed, as President, that the student body would need to be content with their decision and fully adopt 'Johnny Rebel' as their school mascot - and personally remarking that he "did not much care for the Blue Riders, anyway". In the following week the school set up a 'Draw Johnny Rebel' contest that would last from September 25 until September 27, as a school document stressed that ASC students must have the Rebel “become a living symbol and part of our tradition...the ASC REBEL must become a reality – one that all will recognize.”
In 1951 the second issue of the Shorthorn, dated late September, fully featuring a cartoon that showed a Robert E. Lee caricature carrying the Confederate Beauregard Battle Flag stirring the new-ASC ‘Rebs’ in a football game. As 1951 went on, the “Fight on, Rebels!” song was dropped by the band during football games, and "Dixie's Land" would be the new school fight song although unofficial. In November of 1951, . Hereford personally appointed a committee, with C. M. O’Neal as it’s chair, to begin the adoption of Rebels iconography, the creation of Rebel and Belle organizations, and the dressing of these organizations in self-described 'antebellum' uniforms.
The Shorthorn reported on November 17, 1951 that the first Homecoming in several years would feature a “Rebel float”, sporting the Beauregard Battle Flag as it’s main insignia. In 1952, Hereford had the Beauregard Battle Flag made the official school symbol.[3] The flag would also, in military parades henceforth, be flown alongside the United States flag, as well as the A&M system flag in any gatherings like Homecoming or football games.
KKK
Restarting in 1947, the Kampus Kadet Klub, acronym ‘KKK’ in school documents, yearbooks, etc., was an organization on campus that was also known as the ‘Davis Hall Klansmen’. This nick-name was given to them due to their presence in the-then dorm "Davis Hall", although the organization first started in Fisch Hall.[4] They were an organization that, under Hereford’s tenure, provided the school with activities such as the “KKK Nite Club” and the “KKK School Dance”. In the Reville School Annuals, specifically 1951 through 1955, the ‘KKK’s’ page stated that “It [the KKK] promotes and centralizes activities approved by Arlington State College.” They were, at times, given the ability to organize the A.S.C.'s Military Ball, and Homecoming's annual bonfires. [5]
The KKK’s activities were sponsored by the ASC, as their Dances were found on the Social Calendar that were approved by Hereford’s office.[6] The ‘KKK’ was featured on the social calendar from 1949 to 1953, but continued organize events up until their dissolution in 1956. There were two other less-prominent, short-lived, Klan-affiliated organizations operating on campus during this period, the O.K.K., or “Off Kampus Kadets”, and the K.V.K., or “Kampus Veteran Klub”. The O.K.K. barely lasts a year, 1940-41, while the K.V.K. lasts from 1946 to 1950, until re-organizing in 1952. The specific spelling of the name “Campus”,“Cadet”, and “Club” into “Kampus”, “Kadet” and “Klub” respectively gives the indication that these organizations, like the KKK, were in some part tied to the Klan or sought to idealize the Klan.
Death
Hereford suffered a heart attack on July 22, 1958' a second heart attack led to his death on November 24, 1958.[7] The Texas A&M System named then-Dean Jack Woolf of ASC acting President until he was confirmed President in 1959. The Reveille Annual for 1959 dedicated a page eulogizing Hereford , and in 1960 dedicated a page to the ‘E. H. Hereford Memorial’ - now known as the E. H. Hereford Statue, which resides in the E. H. Hereford University Center. The statue , sculpted by alumnus Edward C. Brown , was planned as early as October 21, 1958 by a committee consisting of E. C. Barksdale, Miss Woulida Piner, Colonel Kirk P. Brock, Lloyd Lasen, and Cothburn O’Neal. [8]The University Center, then the ‘Student Union building’, was named via a decision from the board of regions of the A&M System on February 28, 1959. [9]
On November 23, 1959. M. T. Harrington, then Chancellor of the A&M System, presented the plaque and statue d during the naming ceremony for the Center,on behalf of the faculty and staff in order to preserve the legacy of President Hereford.[10]
Legacy
Hereford served as President during the changing nature of the school from a predominant agricultural college, North Texas Agricultural College, to a preeminent junior college, Arlington State College. Through his efforts and pushes for legislation ASC would become a four-year institution, although this was six months after his death.
He, likewise, was paramount in the changing atmosphere on campus: he spearheaded the adoption of Confederate iconography for the school. A s early as October 1951, students could be seen waving the Beauregard Battle Flag of the Confederacy. His leadership saw the development of Confederacy-related traditions and icons of ASC: the “ASC Rebs”, “Miss Dixie Bell”, the Confederate Battle Flag as the school symbol, Confederate symbols on all uniforms, celebration of Edward Emmet Rankin s part of Nathan Forrest's Raiders in the Civil War and founder of what would become NTAC-ASC, “Old South Week”[11] (including mock-slave auctions a) [12] E. H. Hereford was integral in the changes at NTAC-ASC, starting with the adoption of “President” as opposed to “Dean” for the top-head administrator of the institution.
Personal life
Hereford married his wife in 1916. His wife, Ida Ruth Barnett, was from Llano, Texas. They had two children. [13]
- Gallery
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Lost Cause sentiments featured in Shorthorn Newspaper
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Drawing submitted by Fred Hight in ASC's drawing contest for their new mascot 'Johnny Rebel', otherwise known as the 'Rebels'. Featured in the Shorthorn Newspaper in 1951
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First Appearance of the Battle Flag in Shorthorn
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Another cartoon from the Shorthorn, in honor of Colonel Edgar H. Keltner retiring in 1952 – featuring the Beauregard Battle Flag as the new school symbol
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The Rebel flag can be seen at games as early as October, 1951 - and the symbol, itself, would become a staple of the school barely a year later
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Johnny Reb and Miss Dixie were two traditions that would pop up as time went on, Miss Dixie appearing in early 1954 while Johnny Reb being part of the campus since 1951
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Shorthorn celebrating the fact ASC's founder, Edward Emmet Rankin, was part of Nathan Bedford Forrest's Raiders in the Civil War.
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Shorthorn Story from 1954 acknowledging that, by this point, Dixie's Land was the ASC Fight song, and giving it a celebratory honor for the school.
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Shorthorn cartoon showing just how far and widely accepted the use of the Beauregard Battle Flag of the Confederacy as a representation of ASC
References
- ^ "University of Texas at Arlington, Office of the President Records, President E. H. Hereford: A Guide". Lib.utexas.edu. Retrieved 2018-09-02.
- ^ Saxon, Gerald D. Transitions, A Centennial History of The University of Texas at Arlington. The UTA Press, 1995, p. 65; University of Texas at Arlington, Office of the President Records, AR258, Series III, Box 34, Folder 8, Special Collections, The University of Texas at Arlington Libraries
- ^ Saxon, Gerald D. Transitions, A Centennial History of The University of Texas at Arlington. The UTA Press, 1995, p. 112-3.
- ^ University of Texas at Arlington, Junior Aggies 1934, Junior Aggies 1943, Reveille Annuals 1946-56
- ^ Shorthorn Microfilms, 1947-1953, 1953-1962, UTA Central Library
- ^ University of Texas at Arlington, Office of the President Records, AR258, Series III, Box 47, Folder 2,Box 52, Folder 23, Box 57, Folder 3, Box 61, Folder 10, Special Collections, The University of Texas at Arlington Libraries
- ^ "E.H. Hereford in his office, circa 1955". utamagazine.utexas.edu. Retrieved 2018-09-02.
- ^ Shorthorn Microfilms, September 29, 1953-August 13th, 1958, UTA Libraries
- ^ Shorthorn Microfilms, Shorthorn issue March 2, 1959, UTA Library
- ^ "A stroke of luck". utamagazine.utexas.edu. Retrieved 2018-09-02.
- ^ Rebel Theme Controversy Collection, Box 1, Folder 2
- ^ Saxon, Gerald D. Transitions, A Centennial History of The University of Texas at Arlington. The UTA Press, 1995, p. 112-3.
- ^ University of Texas at Arlington, Office of the President Records, AR258, Series III, Box 34, Folder 8, Special Collections, The University of Texas at Arlington Libraries.