Fictional geography
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Fictional geography is the use of maps, text and imagery to create lands and territories to accompany works of fiction. Depending on the completeness and complexity of the work, varying media, levels of collaboration and a number of other factors, the depiction of geographical components to works of fiction can range from simple drawings of a small area as in The Twenty-One Balloons by William Pène du Bois to an entire fictional world as in The Lord of the Rings by Tolkien or even an entire galaxy as in Star Trek and its variants.
Middle-earth
One of the most notable examples of fictional geography is that created by J. R. R. Tolkien to produce the Shire and its expansion to include all of Middle-earth.