Geographic data and information
Geographic data and information is defined in the ISO/TC 211 series of standards as data and information having an implicit or explicit association with a location relative to Earth (a geographic location or geographic position).[1][2]
It is also called geospatial data and information,[citation needed] georeferenced data and information,[citation needed] as well as geodata and geoinformation.[citation needed] geospatial data and information include hydrospatial data and information. Hydrospatial is all about the blue of our blue planet and its contiguous zones.
Approximately 90% of government sourced data has a location component.[3] Location information (known by the many names mentioned here) is stored in a geographic information system (GIS).
There are also many different types of geodata, including vector files, raster files, geographic databases, web files, and multi-temporal data.[4]
Spatial data or spatial information is broader class of data whose geometry is relevant but it is not necessarily georeferenced, such as in computer-aided design (CAD), see geometric modeling.
Fields of study[edit]
Geographic data and information are the subject of a number of overlapping fields of study, mainly:
This is in addition to other more specific branches, such as:
- Cartography
- Geodesy
- Geography
- Geostatistics
- Photogrammetry
- Remote sensing
- Spatial data analysis
- Surveying
- Topography
See also[edit]
- Earth observation data
- Geographic feature
- Georeferencing
- Geospatial intelligence
- Ubiquitous geographic information
References[edit]
- ^ Geolexica, the authoritative glossary for geographic information technology from ISO/TC 211
- ^ Geolexica, the authoritative glossary for geographic information technology from ISO/TC 211
- ^ Romero, Melissa (2017-11-07). "New Atlas tool has everything you need to know about Philly properties". Curbed. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
- ^ says, Samir Mera (2019-06-17). "What is Geodata? A Guide to Geospatial Data". GIS Geography. Retrieved 2019-10-10.
Further reading[edit]
- Roger A. Longhorn and Michael Blakemore (2007), Geographic Information: Value, Pricing, Production, and Consumption, CRC Press.
External links[edit]
Media related to Geographic data and information at Wikimedia Commons
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