Göhl

This article is about the municipality. For the river, see Geul.

Göhl
Municipality
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Göhl within Ostholstein district
Göhl Göhl
Coordinates: 54°17′N 10°57′E
Country	Germany
State	Schleswig-Holstein
District	Ostholstein
Municipal assoc.	Oldenburg-Land
Government
• Mayor	Thomas Bauer (BGG)
Area
• Total	21.2 km2 (8.2 sq mi)
Elevation	19 m (62 ft)
Population  (2022-12-31)
• Total	1,149
• Density	54/km2 (140/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Postal codes	23758
Dialling codes	04361
Vehicle registration	OH
Website	www.amt-oldenburg- land.de

Göhl is a municipality in the district of Ostholstein, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.

Geography

Göhl lies around three kilometers east of Oldenburg in Holstein on the Wagrian peninsular. The municipality is part of the collective municipality of Oldenburg-Land and the district of Ostholstein.

The southern border of Göhl runs along the Oldenburger Graben through the marshy lands of the former Gruber sea. Göhl borders the municipalities of Heringsdorf to the northeast, Gremersdorf to the northwest, Oldenburg in Holstein to the west, and across the Oldenburger Graben, Riepsdorf to the south.

Göhl is connected to Oldenburg in Holstein, the nearest city, via the road Göhler Chaussee, which allows connectivity of the municipality to the Bundesautobahn 1. The Lübeck–Puttgarden railway runs through the municipality but does not stop for passenger transport. However, a small decommissioned train station still exists in Göhl.

The municipality consists of the settlements Antoinettenhof, Christianstal, Gaarz, Gaarzerfelde, Gaarzermühle, Göhl, Giebelberg, Kremsdorf, Lütjendorf, Neuschwelbek, Plügge, Quals, and Schwelbek.

History

Map of the Gruber sea in 1893, Göhl and its settlements are also shown in the north

Old train station

The Oldenburger Graben, which now forms the southern border of Göhl, used to be part of a fjord before and during the times of Slavic settlement in the area, its connection to the Baltic Sea would later be severed through natural processes however, leaving behind several marshy inland seas, the biggest of which being the Gruber sea directly south of what is today the municipality of Göhl. Due to the marshy waters of the inland seas no longer being traversable and lacking any sea access, local farmers considered the draining of the seas to avoid future flood damage and expand their farmland in the early 20th century. The first pumps to drain the seas were commissioned in 1926, and state support was attained through first Weimar, and later Nazi agricultural policy.

Göhl was first mentioned under the name Gola, a Slavic word meaning heather, in 1317.

The areas which today make up Göhl have been part of the Gut Schwelbek zu Putlos since the start of the 15th century. During this time, Göhl was known by multiple names, including Ghoele and Ghole. On the 15th November 1910, at the time Gutsbezirk Schwelbek, which encompassed the village of Göhl, was transformed into the municipality of Goel. This new municipality grew with the addition of first the Gutsbezirk Kremsdorf in 1928, and then the municipality of Plügge in 1939. The spelling of Goel was standardized to the modern version of Göhl in 1937.

The Kreis Oldenburger Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft (KOE) rail company commissioned the Oldenburg - Heiligenhafen railway line, which ran trains through the Göhl station, in 1898. During 1976 however, all passenger transport was ceased, which left the train station decommissioned to this day.

A commercial area of 2.5 ha was created in the north of the settlement of Göhl in 1995.

The current coat of arms and flag were adopted in June 2010.

Demographics

As of December 31, 2021, Göhl has a population of 1,118 with 560 (50.1%) being male, and 558 (49.9%) being female. The median age was 45.4 as of 2021.

Göhl had the highest percentage of under 18 years olds at 24% (293) in Ostholstein as of 2003. This population has since shrunken to 17.3% (193) in 2021 however.

Historical population

Year Pop. ±% 1867 891 —     1871 840 −5.7% 1875 832 −1.0% 1880 858 +3.1% 1885 751 −12.5% 1910 180 −76.0% 1925 259 +43.9% 1933 324 +25.1% 1939 774 +138.9% 1946 1,768 +128.4% 1950 1,650 −6.7% 1961 1,062 −35.6% 1970 951 −10.5%	Year Pop. ±% 1987 852 −10.4% 1990 865 +1.5% 2000 1,095 +26.6% 2001 1,174 +7.2% 2002 1,204 +2.6% 2003 1,203 −0.1% 2004 1,192 −0.9% 2005 1,208 +1.3% 2006 1,217 +0.7% 2007 1,188 −2.4% 2008 1,194 +0.5% 2009 1,198 +0.3% 2010 1,181 −1.4%	Year Pop. ±% 2011 1,160 −1.8% 2012 1,144 −1.4% 2013 1,147 +0.3% 2014 1,147 +0.0% 2015 1,133 −1.2% 2016 1,116 −1.5% 2017 1,112 −0.4% 2018 1,105 −0.6% 2019 1,118 +1.2% 2020 1,119 +0.1% 2021 1,118 −0.1% 2023 1,139 +1.9%
Early data may be affected by territorial fluctuation. Sources: 1867-1970, 1910, 1925-1939, 1946, 1950, 1961, 1987, 2000-2021, 2023

Citizenship

In the 2011 census, 1,156 people (98.4%) in Göhl possessed only German citizenship, 7 people (0.6%) possessed Polish citizenship, and 3 people (0,3%) possessed Dutch, Austrian, and Russian citizenship respectively.

Religion

Marco-Kapelle

In the 2011 census, 789 people (67.1%) were members of the Evangelical Church in Germany, with 38 (3.2%) belonging to the Catholic church, and 348 (29.6%) being either irreligious or belonging to another confession.

The only church in the municipality is the evangelical-lutheran Marco chapel (Marco-Kapelle) opposite of the kindergarten in the village of Göhl.

Politics

The current mayor of Göhl is Thomas Bauer (BGG), who had been the deputy mayor from 1998 to 2006, he has since continuously been reelected as the mayor of Göhl.

Elections

The most recent election in Göhl were the 2023 Schleswig-Holstein municipal elections, where the BGG was reelected as the strongest faction despite losing one seat. The SPD last participated in the 2013 election.

Candidate		Party	Votes	%	+/-	Seats	+/-
	Thomas Bauer	Bürgergemeinschaft Gemeinde Göhl (BGG)	1,791	59.0	11	7	1
	Mechthild Friederichsen	Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU)	1,170	38.5	8.5	4	1
	Udo Tornow	Independent	77	2.5	New	0	±0
Valid votes			3,038	99.4	0.5
Invalid votes			18	0.6%	0.5
Electorate/voter turnout			597	62.3	6.1
Source: Statistical Office of Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein

Historical seat distribution

Year	BGG	CDU	SPD	Ind.	Source
2023	7	4	-	-
2018	8	3	-	-
2013	7	3	1	-
2008	8	2	1	-
2003	7	2	2	-

List of mayors

• since 2006 Thomas Bauer (BGG)
• 1990 - 2006 Johann Höper (BGG)

Coat of Arms and Flag

Coat of arms of Göhl

The coat of arms and flag of Göhl were created by Henning Höppner, who had created multiple insignia in Wagria. It was registered with the state of Schleswig-Holstein in 2010. The heather plant in the center is in reference to the origin of the municipality's name, stemming from the Slavic word "Gola" ("heather"). The bottom sections of the shield represent the green land, and the Oldenburger Graben which forms the southern border of the municipality.

Blazon: "Shield Or a heather plant Vert with three branches and 22 blossoms Gules, in base two bars of Vert and Azure parted by a barrulet Argent, all three countersunk in centre."

The flag of Göhl is a heraldic flag, and shares the same design as the coat of arms.

Culture and associations

The local sports association, SV Göhl, was founded in 1970 and has around 500 members.

The German Red Cross in Göhl acts as not only a medical service focusing on senior care, but also a cultural association; organizing, among other things, flea markets, game nights, and trips.

In the southernmost settlement of Göhl, Gut Gaarz, is a historic estate under family ownership that was built in 1690 and currently acts as a family resort as well as farm.

Education

Elementary school Grundschule Göhl

Göhl is home to a elementary school called Grundschule Göhl and a kindergarten.

External links

• Web presence of the municipality on the website of the Oldenburg-Land collective municipality (in German)
• Grundschule Göhl (in German)
• Website of the SV Göhl (in German)