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Golden Week (Japan)

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Golden Week
Observed byJapan
TypeNational
DateApril 29, May 3-5
Frequencyannual

Golden Week (ゴールデンウィーク, Gōruden Wīku), often abbreviated to GW, is a Japanese term applied to the period containing the following public holidays:

  • April 29
  • May 3
  • May 4
    • Citizen's Holiday (国民の休日, Kokumin no Kyūjitsu), from 1985 until 2006
    • Greenery Day (みどりの日, Midori no Hi), from 2007[2]
  • May 5
    • Children's Day (こどもの日, Kodomo no Hi), also customarily known as Boys' Day (端午の節句, Tango no Sekku).

Note that "kokumin no kyūjitsu" or "citizen's holiday" is a generic term for any official holiday. May 4 was until 2007 an unnamed but official holiday because of a rule that converts any day between two holidays into a new holiday. May Day is not a public holiday. Instead, Japan has Labour Thanksgiving Day, a holiday with a similar purpose. When a public holiday lands on a Sunday, the next day that is not already a holiday becomes a holiday for that year.[3] In some cases, a Compensation Holiday (振替休日, Furikae Kyūjitsu) is held on May 6 should any of the Golden Week holidays fall on Sunday; 2013, 2014, and 2015 have all had the compensation holiday for Golden Week due to each one of the three holidays consecutively falling on Sunday each year.

History

The National Holiday Laws, promulgated in July 1948, declared nine official holidays. Since many were concentrated in a week spanning the end of April to early May, many leisure-based industries experienced spikes in their revenues. The film industry was no exception. In 1951, the film Jiyū Gakkō recorded higher ticket sales during this holiday-filled week than any other time in the year (including New Year's and Obon). This prompted the managing director of Daiei Film Co., Ltd. to dub the week "Golden Week" based on the Japanese radio lingo “golden time,” which denotes the period with the highest listener ratings.[4] At the time, April 29 was a national holiday celebrating the birth of the Shōwa Emperor. Upon his death in 1989, the day was renamed "Greenery Day."[2] In 2007, Greenery Day was moved to May 4, and April 29 was renamed Shōwa Day to commemorate the late Emperor.[2]

Current practice

Many Japanese take paid time off during this holiday, and some companies are closed down completely and give their employees time off. Golden Week is the longest vacation period of the year for many Japanese jobs. Two other Japanese holidays are observed for most or all of a week: Japanese New Year in January and Obon Festival in August. Golden Week is an extremely popular time to travel. Flights, trains, and hotels are often fully booked despite significantly higher rates at this time. Popular destinations in Asia, Guam, Saipan, Hawaii, and major cities on the West Coast of North America (such as Los Angeles, Seattle, San Diego, San Francisco, and Vancouver), and many European and Australian cities are visited during these holidays by huge numbers of Japanese tourists.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Japanese Holidays". Japan-guide.com. Retrieved 2010-02-05.
  2. ^ a b c d e "Golden Week". Japan-guide.com. 2009-05-13. Retrieved 2010-02-05.
  3. ^ "Golden Week in Japan - Japanese Golden Week". Gojapan.about.com. 1947-05-03. Retrieved 2010-02-05.
  4. ^ "ゴールデンウィーク - 語源由来辞典". Gogen-allguide.com. Retrieved 2010-02-05.

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