Hasegawa Yoshimichi
Count Hasegawa Yoshimichi | |
|---|---|
 Japanese General Count Hasegawa Yoshimichi | |
| Allegiance | Empire of Japan |
| Service/ |  Imperial Japanese Army |
| Years of service | 1871-1916 |
| Rank | Field Marshal |
| Battles/wars | Boshin War First Sino-Japanese War Russo-Japanese War |
| Awards | Order of the Golden Kite (1st class) Order of the Chrysanthemum Order of the Red Eagle Order of the Golden Ruler of the Korean Empire Order of the Auspicious Stars of the Korean Empire. |
| Other work | Japanese Governor General of Korea |
Template:Japanese name Count Hasegawa Yoshimichi (長谷川 好道, 1 October 1850 – 27 January 1924) was a field marshal in the Imperial Japanese Army and Japanese Governor General of Korea from 1916-1919. His Japanese decorations included Order of the Golden Kite (1st class) and Order of the Chrysanthemum.
Biography
Hasegawa was born as the son of a samurai fencing master in the Iwakuni sub-fief of Chōshū (present-day Yamaguchi prefecture), Hasegawa served under the Chōshū forces during the Boshin War from January until March 1868 during the Meiji Restoration which overthrew the Tokugawa Shogunate.
Upon the formation of the Imperial Japanese Army in 1871, Hasegawa enlisted as a captain and later, as a major, was given command of a regiment during the Satsuma Rebellion seeing action at the relief of Kumamoto Castle on 14 April 1877.
Traveling to France as military attaché in 1885 to study European military strategy, military tactics and equipment, Hasegawa was promoted to major general upon his return to Japan the following year.
During the First Sino-Japanese War, Hasegawa won distinction for valor on behalf of his 12th Infantry Brigade at the Battle of Pyongyang on 15 September 1894 and in skirmishes around Haicheng from December 1894 until January 1895. After the war, he was ennobled with the title of danshaku (baron) under the kazoku peerage system.
During the Russo-Japanese War, Hasegawa was assigned to the Japanese First Army under General Kuroki Tamemoto as commander of the Imperial Guards Division in the spring of 1904, later fighting with distinction at the Battle of the Yalu on 30 April - 1 May 1904, eventually winning promotion to general in June 1904. After the war, he was elevated to the title of shishaku (viscount).
After serving as commander of the Korea Garrison Army from September 1904 until December 1908, Hasegawa was appointed Chief-of-Staff of the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff in 1912. He forced War Minister Uehara Yusaku to resign over Prime Minister Saionji Kinmochi's tight fiscal policy and attempted revision of the system whereby only active duty officers can serve as Ministers of War and Navy. The collapse of Saionji’s government was known as the "Taishō Political Crisis".
In 1915, Hasegawa was awarded the title of field marshal, and was elevated to the title of hakushaku (count) in 1916.
From October 1916, he served as the second Japanese Governor-General of Korea, and was later criticized for his military approach to the Samil Independence Movement.
Hasegawa died in 1924. His grave is at Aoyama Cemetery in Tokyo.
References
Books
- Craig, Albert M. Chōshū in the Meiji Restoration. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1961.
- Dupuy, Trevor N. The Harper Encyclopedia of Military Biography. New York: HarperCollins Publishers Inc., 1992. ISBN 0-7858-0437-4
- Jansen, Marius B. and Gilbert Rozman, eds. Japan in Transition: From Tokugawa to Meiji. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1986.
- Jansen, Marius B. The Making of Modern Japan. Cambridge: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2000.
External links
- National Diet Library. "Hasegawa Yoshimichi". Portraits of Modern Historical Figures.