Wiśniowiecki
| House of Wiśniowiecki | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Founded | Free election, 1669 |
| Current head | Extinct |
| Final ruler | Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki (King Michael I) |
| Titles | King of Poland Grand Duke of Lithuania Grand Duke of Ruthenia Grand Duke of Prussia Grand Duke of Masovia Grand Duke of Samogitia Grand Duke of Livonia Grand Duke of Smolensk Grand Duke of Kiev Grand Duke of Volhynia Grand Duke of Podolia Grand Duke of Podlasie Grand Duke of Severia Grand Duke of Chernihiv |
The House of Wiśniowiecki (Ukrainian: Вишневе́цькі, Vyshnevetski; Lithuanian: Višnioveckiai) was a Polish princely family of Ruthenian-Lithuanian origin, notable in the history of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. They were powerful magnates with estates predominantly in Ruthenian lands of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, and they used the Polish coat of arms of Korybut.
History
The family tradition would trace their descent to the Gediminids, but modern historians believe there is more evidence for them to have descended from the Rurikids.[1] According to the Gediminids relation theory, the ancestor of the family was Duke Kaributas (Ruthenian: Dymitr Korybut), a son of the Grand Duke of Lithuania, Algirdas. His son Fedor of Nieśwież started the family.
The name of the family can be traced to their estates in Wiśniowiec in the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland (now Vyshnivets, Ukraine).[1]
From their days as Ruthenian nobility, they held the title of Kniaz (prince). By the late 16th century, the family converted from Orthodox to Catholicism and became Polonized.[1] They gained much importance in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, with vast possessions in the 16th to 18th centuries on the territories of today's Ukraine, particularly the town of Vyshnivets (Wiśniowiec). Their estates were so vast and their position so powerful that they were known as the most powerful of magnates – the "little kings" ("królewięta"). Their ancestral seat was the Vyshnivets Castle.
The family's golden age was the 17th century, when its members accumulated much wealth and influence, held numerous important posts within the Commonwealth.[1] Likely the most notable members of this family were Michael I, king of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1669 to 1673,[1] and his father Jeremi Wiśniowiecki.
Coat of arms
The coat of arms of the House of Wiśniowiecki was the Korybut coat of arms.
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Coat of Arms of King Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki
Notable family members
- Michał Zbaraski Wiśniowiecki (died after 1516), Prince at Wiśniowiec, progenitor of the Wiśniowiecki family
- Iwan Wiśniowiecki (died after 1516), courtier, married Nastazja Olizarowicz h. Chorągwie
- Konstanty Wiśniowiecki (before 1516–1574), courtier, starost of Żytomierz, married Anna Elżbieta Swierszcz z Olchowca h. Jastrzębiec
- Konstanty Wiśniowiecki (1564–1641), voivode of Belz and Ruthenia, married Anna Zahorowska h. Korczak, Urszula Mniszech h. Mniszech, Katarzyna Korniaktowna h. Krucyni and Krystyna Strusiowna h. Korczak
- Marianna Wiśniowiecka (1600–1624), married voivode of Bełz and Ruthenia Marshal Jakub Sobieski h. Janina, the father of King of Poland Jan III Sobieski
- Janusz Wiśniowiecki (1598–1636), Master of the Stables of the Crown, married Katarzyna Eugenia Tyszkiewicz h. Leliwa
- Dymitr Jerzy Wiśniowiecki (1631–1682), Great Guard and Hetman of the Crown, voivode of Belz and Kraków, married Marianna Zamoyska h. Jelita
- Konstanty Krzysztof Wiśniowiecki (1633–1686), voivode of Podlasie of Bracław and Bełz, married Urszula Teresa Mniszech h. Mniszech and Anna Chodorowska h. Korczak
- Janusz Antoni Wiśniowiecki (1678–1741), voivode of Wilno and Marshal, married Teofilia Leszczyńska h. Wieniawa
- Urszula Franciszka Wiśniowiecka (1705–1753), dramatist and writer, married voivode of Troki and Hetman Prince Michał Kazimierz "Rybeńko" Radziwiłł h. Trąby
- Michał Serwacy Wiśniowiecki (1680–1744), the last male representative of the Wiśniowiecki family,[2] Hetman, Castellan and Voivode of Wilno, Great Chancellor of Lithuania, married Katarzyna Dolska h. Kościesza, Maria Magdalena Czartoryska h. Czartoryski and Tekla Róża Radziwiłł h. Trąby
- Janusz Antoni Wiśniowiecki (1678–1741), voivode of Wilno and Marshal, married Teofilia Leszczyńska h. Wieniawa
- Konstanty Wiśniowiecki (1564–1641), voivode of Belz and Ruthenia, married Anna Zahorowska h. Korczak, Urszula Mniszech h. Mniszech, Katarzyna Korniaktowna h. Krucyni and Krystyna Strusiowna h. Korczak
- Dmytro Vyshnevetsky, also known as Baida, first Ataman of the Ukrainian Cossacks, Hetman of the Registered Cossacks
- Konstanty Wiśniowiecki (before 1516–1574), courtier, starost of Żytomierz, married Anna Elżbieta Swierszcz z Olchowca h. Jastrzębiec
- Aleksander Wiśniowiecki (c. 1500–1555), starost of Rzeczyce, married Katarzyna Skoruta h. Korczak
- Michał Wiśniowiecki (1529–1584), castelan of Bracław and Kijów, married Halszka Zenowiczówna h. Deszpot
- Michał Wiśniowiecki (died 1616), starost of Owrucz, married Regina Mohyła
- Jeremi Wiśniowiecki (1612–1651), Prince at Wiśniowiec, Łubny and Chorol, voivode of Ruthenia, married Gryzelda Konstancja Zamoyska h. Jelita
- Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki (Michael I, 1640-1673), King of Poland 1669–1673, married Eleanor of Austria, Queen of Poland
- Anna Wiśniowiecka, married starost of Lublin Zbigniew Firlej h. Lewart
- Jeremi Wiśniowiecki (1612–1651), Prince at Wiśniowiec, Łubny and Chorol, voivode of Ruthenia, married Gryzelda Konstancja Zamoyska h. Jelita
- Michał Wiśniowiecki (died 1616), starost of Owrucz, married Regina Mohyła
- Aleksander Wisiowiecki (1543–1577), courtier, married Aleksandra Kapusta h. Kapusta
- Adam Wiśniowiecki (c. 1566–1622), married Aleksandra Chodkiewicz h. Kościesza, daughter of Hetman Jan Hieronimowicz Chodkiewicz h. Kościesza and Krystyna Zborowska h. Jastrzębiec
- Michał Wiśniowiecki (1529–1584), castelan of Bracław and Kijów, married Halszka Zenowiczówna h. Deszpot
- Iwan Wiśniowiecki (died after 1516), courtier, married Nastazja Olizarowicz h. Chorągwie
Estates
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Castle of Ostróg -
Manor house in Łodygowice -
Zbarski Palace in Kraków -
Palace of the Minister of the Treasury in Warsaw (rebuilt from the former Wiśniowiecki Palace) -
Ruins of the Castle of Biały Kamień -
Wisniowiecki Chapel (Latin Cathedral in Lviv)
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See also
Notes
- ^ a b c d e Jerzy Jan Lerski; Piotr Wróbel; Richard J. Kozicki (1996). Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945. Greenwood Publishing. p. 654. ISBN 978-0-313-26007-0.
- ^ http://www.wilanow-palac.pl/kniaziowie_wisniowieccy.html
External links
- Lubomyr Wynar. Wiśniowiecki in the Encyclopedia of Ukraine, vol. 5 (1993).
- Template:Pl icon Herb i rodowód Wiśniowieckich.
- Marek, Miroslav. "Genealogy of Wiśniowiecki-Zbaraski family" (in Polish). Genealogy.EU.
{{cite web}}: External link in|publisher= - Template:Ua icon Pictures of Wiśniowiec castle.
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| Ruthenian origin | ||
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