Tetraneuris scaposa

Tetraneuris scaposa
Conservation status
	; Apparently Secure (NatureServe)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Asterales
Family:	Asteraceae
Genus:	Tetraneuris
Species:	T. scaposa
Binomial name
	Tetraneuris scaposa; (DC.) Greene 1898
Synonyms
	Synonymy Cephalophora scaposa DC. 1836 ; Actinea angustifolia (Rydb.) A.Nelson ; Actinea linearis (Greene) A.Nelson ; Actinea scaposa (DC.) Kuntze ; Actinella fastigiata (Greene) A.Nelson ; Actinella glabra Nutt. ; Actinella lanuginosa Buckley ; Actinella linearis (Nutt.) A.Nelson ; Actinella scaposa (DC.) Nutt. ; Gaillardia roemeriana Scheele ; Hymenoxys glabra (Nutt.) Shinners ; Hymenoxys scaposa (DC.) K.F.Parker ; Picradenia scaposa (DC.) Britton ; Ptilepida scaposa (DC.) Britton ; Tetraneuris angustata Greene ; Tetraneuris angustifolia Rydb. ; Tetraneuris fastigiata Greene ; Tetraneuris glabra (Nutt.) Greene ; Tetraneuris linearis (Nutt.) Greene ; Tetraneuris stenophylla Rydb. ;

Tetraneuris scaposa (common names stemmy four-nerve daisy^[2] and stemmy hymenoxys) is a North American species of flowering plant in the sunflower family. It is native to the southwestern and south-central United States (Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, and Colorado) and northern Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí, and Zacatecas).^[3]^[4]^[5]

Tetraneuris scaposa is a perennial herb up to 40 cm (16 inches) tall. It forms a branching underground caudex sometimes producing as many as 100 above-ground stems. Leaves are concentrated low on the stem, close to the ground. Flower heads can either be present individually one per stem, or multiply in tight clumps. Each head has 12–26 ray flowers surrounding 25–180 disc flowers.^[6]

Uses

The Zuni people use an infusion of it as an eyewash. The Zuni believe that this eyewash is not for people with a "bad heart".^[7]

References

^ The Plant List, Tetraneuris scaposa (DC.) Greene
^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Tetraneuris scaposa". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 9 December 2015.
^ Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
^ Turner, B. L. 2013. The comps of Mexico. A systematic account of the family Asteraceae (chapter 11: tribe Helenieae). Phytologia Memoirs 16: 1–100
^ SEINet Southwestern Biodiversity, Arizona chapter description, photos, distribution map
^ Flora of North America, Tetraneuris scaposa (de Candolle) Greene, 1898.
^ Stevenson, Matilda Coxe 1915 Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians. SI-BAE Annual Report #30 (p. 60, 61)

External links

Photo of herbarium specimen collected in Nuevo León in 1992

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[1] The Plant List, Tetraneuris scaposa (DC.) Greene

[2] USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Tetraneuris scaposa". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 9 December 2015.

[3] Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map

[4] Turner, B. L. 2013. The comps of Mexico. A systematic account of the family Asteraceae (chapter 11: tribe Helenieae). Phytologia Memoirs 16: 1–100

[5] SEINet Southwestern Biodiversity, Arizona chapter description, photos, distribution map

[6] Flora of North America, Tetraneuris scaposa (de Candolle) Greene, 1898.

[7] Stevenson, Matilda Coxe 1915 Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians. SI-BAE Annual Report #30 (p. 60, 61)

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