Julian Martinez
Julian Martínez | |
|---|---|
| Born | Pocano 1879 |
| Died | 1943 |
| Nationality | San Ildefonso Pueblo |
| Education | community |
| Known for | Ceramics, Painting |
| Movement | San Ildefonso Self-Taught Group |
| Elected | Governor of San Ildefonso Pueblo |
| Patron(s) | School for Advanced Research |
Julián Martínez, also known as Pocano (1879-1943), was a San Ildefonso Pueblo potter,[1] painter and the patriarch of one of the most important family of Native American artisans in the United States.
Background
Martínez was born in 1897 in San Ildefonso Pueblo, New Mexico. His name, Pocano, means "Coming of the Spirits" in Tewa. He worked as a farmer, general laborer, and janitor, in addition to being an artist. He was elected governor of San Ildefonso.[2]
Martínez was married to potter Maria Martinez. Together they had a son Popovi Da, who became a well known potter.[3] His wife Maria Martinez is considered the preeminent creator of San Ildefonso blackware pottery and her name is synonymous with excellence in Indian pottery making. His son Popovi Da continued the tradition of innovation in pottery making, and is considered by many as the most accomplished Native American potter and painter of the 20th century.
Work
He was instrumental in reviving the San Ildefonso and Santa Clara blackware pottery traditions.[4] The Martínez family is credited for inventing a revolutionary technique that would allow for areas of the pottery to have a matte finish and other areas to be a glossy jet black.[5]
Martínez with help from anthropologist, Edgar Lee Hewett researched traditional designs and reproduced them on the pottery, later modifying traditional designs to create his own.[citation needed]
Martínez was also an easel painter.[1] He painted Pueblo rituals and abstract designs with colored pencil and watercolor, and featured Western figurative types against blank backgrounds.[6] He painted murals at the former Santa Fe Indian School in Santa Fe, New Mexico and Mesa Verde National Park in Colorado.[2]
Martínez was part of an art movement called the San Ildefonso Self-Taught Group, which included such noted artists as Alfonso Roybal, Tonita Peña, Abel Sanchez, Crecencio Martinez, and Encarnación Peña.[7]
Public collections
Martinez' artwork can be found in the following public collections.
- American Museum of Natural History, New York
- Amerind Foundation, Dragoon, Arizona
- Amon Carter Museum of Art, Fort Worth, Texas
- Arizona State Museum, Tucson
- Cincinnati Art Museum, Ohio
- Cleveland Museum of Fine Arts, Ohio
- Columbus Gallery of Fine Arts, Ohio
- Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire
- Denver Art Museum, Colorado
- Fred Jones Jr. Museum of Art, Norman, Oklahoma
- Gilcrease Museum, Tulsa, Oklahoma
- Joslyn Art Museum, Omaha, Nebraska
- Marion Koogler McNay Art Museum, San Antonio, Texas
- Millicent Rogers Museum, Taos, New Mexico
- Minneapolis Institute of Arts, Minnesota
- Museum of New Mexico, Santa Fe
- Museum of Northern Arizona, Katherine Harvey Collection, Flagstaff
- National Museum of the American Indian, George Gustav Heye Center, New York
- National Museum of the American Indian, Washington, D.C.
- Owensboro Museum of Fine Arts, Owensboro, Kentucky
- Riverside Museum, New York
- School for Advanced Research, Santa Fe, New Mexico
- Smithsonian Museum of American Art, Washington, D.C.
- Southwest Museum of the American Indian, Los Angeles
- University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia
- Wheelwright Museum of the American Indian, Santa Fe, New Mexico
Death
Martinez died on March 6, 1943 in San Ildefonso Pueblo, New Mexico.[3]
See also
Notes
- ^ a b "Julian Martinez." Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 7 April 2012.
- ^ a b Lester 344
- ^ a b Lester 343
- ^ "Maria & Julian Martinez Pottery". Masterpiece Technologies. Retrieved 11/13/07.
- ^ Sublette, Mark J. "Maria Martinez and San Ildefonso Pottery." Medicine Man Gallery. Retrieved 11/13/07.
- ^ Julian Martinez. Retrieved 11/7/07.
- ^ Wander, Robin (February 22, 2012). "Highlights from Stanford's Native American paintings collection are showcased in Memory and Markets: Pueblo Painting in the Early 20th Century". Stanford News. Stanford University, Cantor Art Center. Retrieved October 22, 2014.
References
- Lester, Patrick D. The Biographical Directory of Native American Painters. Tulsa, OK: SIR Publications, 1995. ISBN 0-8061-9936-9.
External links
- Julian Martinez art, National Museum of the American Indian
- Julian Martinez art, Smithsonian American Art Museum
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