Kap Shui Mun Bridge
Kap Shui Mun Bridge 汲水門大橋 | |
|---|---|
 Kap Shui Mun Bridge, with Ma Wan in the foreground | |
| Coordinates | 22°20′39″N 114°03′19″E / 22.34425°N 114.05536°E |
| Carries | 6 lanes of roadway (upper) 2 MTR rail lines, 2 lanes of roadway (lower) |
| Crosses | Kap Shui Mun |
| Locale | Lantau and Ma Wan |
| Other name(s) | KSMB |
| Maintained by | Tsing Ma Management Limited: operation and maintenance contractor for the Tsing Ma Control Area; under contract to the Highways Department of the Government of the Hong Kong[1] |
| Characteristics | |
| Design | Double-decked cable-stayed bridge |
| Total length | 750 metres |
| Width | 32.5 m |
| Longest span | 430 metres |
| Clearance below | 47 metres |
| History | |
| Opened | May 22, 1997 |
| Location | |
 | |
| Kap Shui Mun Bridge | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 汲水門大橋 | ||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 汲水门大桥 | ||||||||||
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The Kap Shui Mun Bridge (KSMB) in Hong Kong is one of the longest cable-stayed bridges in the world that transports both road and railway traffic, with the upper deck for motor vehicles, and the lower deck for both vehicles and the MTR. It has a main span of 430 metres and an overall length of 750 metres. It spans the main marine channel, Kap Shui Mun, between Ma Wan and Lantau and provides vertical clearance of 47 metres above sea level.
Structural information
- Span Lengths
| Main span | 430m |
| Side spans | 80m + 80m each side |
| Lantau Approach Span | 70m |
| Ma Wan Viaduct | 503m |
| Overall length | 1,323m |
| Height of towers | 150m |
| Navigation clearance | 47m |
The bridge was completed in 1997. The total length of the Kap Shui Mun Bridge includes a 70 m approach span on the Lantau side. A column in each of the back spans of the cable stayed bridge makes four 80 m spans to add to the 430 m main span. This brings the total length to 820 m. The 503 m Ma Wan Viaduct was constructed under the same contract as the KSMB. The viaduct connects the KSMB to the Tsing Ma Bridge, thus forming the Lantau Link that was built to provide access to the new airport.[2] The navigation clearance of 47 m is part of the reason that the H-shaped towers are 150 m tall.
The Kap Shui Mun Bridge is not symmetrical in that the 160 m back span length (80 m + 80 m) is less than half of the main span length (half of 430 m is 215 m). To provide the balance that symmetry will normally provide, the bridge has composite cross sections. The central 387 m of the main span uses steel composite with concrete to make the cross section lighter. The back spans and the remaining main span are concrete cross sections. Using the lighter steel cross section in the majority of the main span serves to equalize the horizontal forces on the towers and balance the bridge.[3]
Because the lower deck carries both rail and traffic, the cross section is designed as a Vierendeel truss. This means that there are no diagonal members in the cross section and that vehicles and rail cars drive through the openings provided by the Vierendiel design.[3]
- Stay cables
| Number | 8 X 22 = 176 |
| Total length of stay cables | 11 km |
- Movements
| Vertical, at midspan | 470mm |
| Lateral, at midspan | 155mm |
| Longitudinal, at Pier 1 | 320mm |
- Concrete strength of towers: Grade 50/20 or 50MPa
Along with the Tsing Ma Bridge and Ting Kau Bridge, it is closely monitored by the Wind and Structural Health Monitoring System (WASHMS).
See also
References
- ^ Hong Kong Factsheet: Transport
- ^ Highways Department of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. "Lantau Link project page". Retrieved 2007-06-16.
- ^ a b Leonhardt, Andrä und Partner, Consulting Engineers VBI, GmbH. "Kap Shui Mun Bridge project page". Retrieved 2007-06-16.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
External links
22°20′39.3″N 114°3′19.3″E / 22.344250°N 114.055361°E
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