Kavyamata
| Kavyamata | |
|---|---|
| In-universe information | |
| Children | Shukra |
Kavyamata also called Usanas is a minor character in Hindu mythology. She is described as the mother of Shukra, the god of the planet Venus and the preceptor of the Asuras or demons. She is the reason why the god Vishnu was cursed to take Avatars on earth.
Legend
Devi Bhagavata Purana discusses the legend. Once, the Asuras fought a war against the Devas or demi-gods, and their guru Shukra decided to seek the favour of the god Shiva to defeat the Devas. He started penance on Mount Kailash, Shiva's abode, leaving the Asuras unprotected. The Devas came to know of Shukra's intentions and waged a war on the Asuras again. The Asuras rushed to the protection of Kavyamata (Usana), the mother of Shukra, while being chased by Vishnu and the Devas. With one glance Kavyamata (Usana) put all the Devas into a deep sleep. By her meditative power Kavyamata (Usana) petrified Indra, the king of the Devas, putting them in a state of paralysis.[1]Lord Vishnu assessed the situation and surmised that He would have to strike down this woman to protect the world from eons of chaos that would be ushered with the victory of the asuras. Vishnu summoned his discus weapon - the Sudarshana chakra, and severed Kavyamata's (Usana) head. Shukra's father, the great sage Bhrigu, became angry and cursed Vishnu for his sin of woman-slaughter, saying that Vishnu would have to take countless avatars on earth and suffer pain and confinement due to his sin.Lord Vishnu,who himself overseers that boons and curses come to pass,accepted this curse of the grieving sage.[2] Then Bhrigu resurrected Kavyamata (Usana) by sprinkling holy water from his kamandalu (water-pot). Kavyamata (Usana) woke as if from a deep sleep.[3] Another variant attributes the curse to the resurrected Kavyamata (Usana), instead of to Bhrigu. The rest of the story remains the same in all versions.[1]
In Ramayana
Although woman-slaughter is considered a sin in Hinduism,[4] in the great epic Ramayana, the god Rama - an avatar of Vishnu - is convinced by his guru Vishwamitra that killing the demoness Tataka is right. To convince his pupil, the sage gives the example of Kavyamata who was plotting to "appropriate herself to the dominion of Indra" and was killed by Vishnu, implying that treacherous and troublesome women could be killed per the duties (Dharma) of the king.[4][5]
Notes
- ^ a b Mani p. 402
- ^ http://www.telugubhakti.com/telugupages/Sages/Bhrigu.htm
- ^ Mani pp. 77-8
- ^ a b Ananda W. P. Guruge. The society of the Rāmāyaṇa. Abhinav Publications. p. 213.
- ^ Ramashraya Sharma. Socio-Political Study of the Valmiki Ramayana. Motilal Banarsidass Publ. pp. 108–9.
References
- Mani, Vettam (1975). Puranic Encyclopaedia: A Comprehensive Dictionary With Special Reference to the Epic and Puranic Literature. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 0-8426-0822-2.