King Island Native Community
The King Island Native Community (Inupiaq: Ugiuvaŋmiut) (consisting of what was once approximately 200 Iñupiat at its peak[1]) is federally recognized by the Bureau of Indian Affairs as a community of Alaska Natives.
The Iñupiat, former inhabitants of King Island, called themselves Aseuluk, 'people of the sea', or Ugiuvaŋmiut, 'people of Ugiuvak'.[1]
Early history
[edit]The Ugiuvaŋmiut wintered in Ugiuvak/King Island for well over 1000 years.[2] They were hunters who hunted seals and walruses, fished for crabs, and gathered bird eggs (among other things) for food.[1] The island itself was able to sustain 200 people year-round.[3]
Outside influence
[edit]Even though King Island ended up being US territory, Russian interest in it was much greater. One report by Dorothy Jean Ray gives an insight into the Russian's observations/opinions on King Island.[4]
Another expedite of interest was Bernard R. Hubbard, who brought Catholicism to the Island, and he ended up living on the Island in 1937 and 1938.[5] The Ukivokmiut were devout Catholics, and statue of Christ the King – brought by Hubbard – is on the 700 ft high cliffs. A church also existed on the island until the 1980s, when it was dismantled due to risk of collapse[1]
Decline
[edit]A tuberculosis outbreak during World War II, the closing of the school, other factors, and off-island economies lured families from the Island. Most or all of these families have been absent from King Island since the 1970s.[1][2][6]
Architecture
[edit]Architecture was a huge aspect in Ugiuvaŋmiut life, seeing the location of Ugiuvak (settlement) is on a 30° to 45° slope, compared to Little Diomede at an approximately 5° angle.
The winter-houses made of stone are highly likely to be the earlier form of housing for the Ugiuvaŋmiut, and over time it's thought they transitioned over to the stilt-houses.
Culture
[edit]It's more faintly recalled as a tradition for Ugiuvaŋmiut women to sing on top of the rocks by the shore to welcome any new visitor.[3]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e Footman, Serene (2019-03-24). "Ukivok, and the People of the Sea". Furillen. Retrieved 2020-10-02.
- ^ a b "The Alaska Native Studies Blog: Aseuluk Relocation: No More Sleeping Villages". The Alaska Native Studies Blog. 2015-12-14. Retrieved 2020-10-02.
- ^ a b Kinneen, Laureli (15 May 2013). "I am from King Island". KNOM Radio, adjusted to Youtube. Archived from the original on 2021-12-21. Retrieved 1 October 2020.
- ^ "King Island Enters History". Ben Muse. Retrieved 2020-10-02.
- ^ "Hubbard King Island". Calisphere. Retrieved 2020-10-02.
- ^ "The haunting Alaskan ghost village on King Island". The Vintage News. 2017-05-17. Retrieved 2020-10-02.
Possible future references:
- Alix, Claire (2012). "Using wood on King Island, Alaska". Études/Inuit/Studies. 36 (1): 89–112. doi:10.7202/1015955ar. ISSN 0701-1008.
- "King Island Native Community". Retrieved 2020-10-02.
- valdez (2013-06-02). "Ukivuk or King Island: One of Alaska's Endangered Historic Places". Information About Alaska. Retrieved 2020-10-02.