Lincoln Normal School
Phillips Memorial Auditorium | |
 Phillips Memorial Auditorium, one of only a few campus buildings still standing | |
   | |
| Location | Lincoln Ave. and Lee St., Marion, Alabama |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 32°37′32″N 87°19′45″W / 32.62555°N 87.32909°W |
| Area | 0.1 acres (0.040 ha) |
| Built | 1937 |
| Architectural style | Classical Revival |
| NRHP reference No. | 88003243[1] |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | February 13, 1990 |
| Designated ARLH | February 19, 1988 |
The Lincoln Normal School, also known as the Lincoln School was a historic African American school in Marion, Alabama. Its roots went back to a Union soldier who remained in Marion after the end of the Civil War to teach newly freed African Americans. His efforts proved successful and in 1867 the school was incorporated with the support of African Americans from the surrounding Perry County. In 1868, school trustees sought the assistance of the American Missionary Association (AMA) for help with day-to-day operation of the school. The AMA supplied teachers and financial support.
Teacher Training
In 1870, the school expanded to include teacher training and for a time became known as the Lincoln Normal University for Teachers. The program primarily focused on training African American high school graduates to become teachers. In 1885, Lincoln School was voted the top school for freed slaves in the south.[2] In 1887 fire destroyed many of the campus buildings. As a result, the teacher training function was relocated to Montgomery where it became Alabama State University.
Faculty
The school was led by several principals, most notably Miss Mary Elizabeth Phillips. During her tenure from 1896 to 1927 both the campus and student body expanded. In 1939, alumni and friends constructed Phillips Memorial Auditorium in her honor.
Other notable faculty included Cecil and Fran Thomas who were instrumental in establishing a choral program at the school. Under their direction, choirs from the school toured across the Southeast and Midwest.[3]
Legacy and Reputation
Lincoln School became well known for graduating a high proportion of students who went on to attain advanced degrees, a remarkable achievement for any school but more particularly for a segregated high school in rural Alabama.[4][5]
The school closed in 1970, when it was consolidated with the newly built and racially integrated Marion High School. One of the few buildings remaining on the campus site is the Phillips Memorial Auditorium, now on the National Register of Historic Places and the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage. The Lincoln High School Gymnasium was also added to the Alabama Register on February 29, 2005.
Notable alumni
- Coretta Scott King, civil rights activist and wife of Martin Luther King, Jr.
- Edythe Scott Bagley, educator, and civil rights activist
- William R. Pettiford, Birmingham minister and banker
- Jean Childs, wife of civil rights activist Andrew Young
- Odith Thelma Patton, mother of Bishop T. D. Jakes
References
- ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. March 13, 2009.
- ^ See, Curtis, Nancy C., Black Heritage Sites: An African American Odyssey and Finder's Guide,(Nancy Curtis: 1996) p. 25, found online at https://books.google.com/books?id=Rk7NPRm_nB0C&pg=PA25&dq=lincoln+normal+school+marion+alabama#v=onepage&q=lincoln%20normal%20school%20marion%20alabama&f=false
- ^ See footnote at, The Papers of Martin Luther King Jr., Birth of a New Age, December 1955-December 1956, Clayborne Carson, editor, (University of California Press, 1996), at p. 28, found online at https://books.google.com/books?id=GkHrnFzEykwC&pg=RA5-PA28-IA1&dq=cecil+and+fran+thomas+lincoln+school+marion+alabama#v=onepage&q=cecil%20and%20fran%20thomas%20lincoln%20school%20marion%20alabama&f=false
- ^ See, The Crisis, an official publication of the NAACP, Vol. 79-80, p. 156, 1972. Noted educator and scholar Horace Mann Bond attributed the inordinately high number of advanced degrees to the quality of education offered by Lincoln School. See online at, https://books.google.com/books?id=kH_XAAAAMAAJ&q=lincoln+school+marion+alabama+horace+mann+bond&dq=lincoln+school+marion+alabama+horace+mann+bond
- ^ See also, Phillips, M.E., Lincoln Industrial School, Marion, Alabama, The American Missionary, January 1922, p. 19. Found online at https://books.google.com/books?id=uxfPAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA1-PA19&dq=lincoln+school+marion+alabama&lr=#v=onepage&q=lincoln%20school%20marion%20alabama&f=false
Additional reading
- Lincoln Normal School tribute site
- Bailey, Richard. Neither Carpetbaggers Nor Scalawags: Black Officeholders during the Reconstruction of Alabama 1867–1878.
- Childs, Idella J. (1976) "Lincoln Normal School"
- History of the Baptists in Perry County
- Lincoln Normal School Scrapbooks, 1910s-1920s, The A. S. Williams III Americana Collection, University Libraries Division of Special Collections, The University of Alabama (digitized content)
- School buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Alabama
- Defunct schools in Alabama
- Defunct universities and colleges in Alabama
- Educational institutions established in 1867
- Historically segregated African-American schools in the United States
- African-American history of Alabama
- National Register of Historic Places in Perry County, Alabama
- Neoclassical architecture in Alabama
- Properties on the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage
- Schools in Perry County, Alabama