Liolaemus

Liolaemus
	Liolaemus tenuis
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Subphylum:	Vertebrata
Class:	Reptilia
Order:	Squamata
Infraorder:	Iguania
Family:	Liolaemidae (disputed)
Genus:	Liolaemus; Wiegmann, 1834
Subgenera
	Liolaemus (Liolaemus); Liolaemus (Eulaemus);

Liolaemus is a genus of iguanian lizards, containing many species, all of which are endemic to South America.

Description

Members of this genus form a dominant part of the lizard fauna of the southern part of the continent of South America, and vary considerably in size (45–100 millimetres or 1.8–3.9 inches snout–vent length) and weight (3–200 grams or 0.1–7.1 ounces).

Geographic range

Liolaemus species are found in the Andes and adjacent lowlands, from Peru to Tierra del Fuego,^[2] at altitudes that can exceed 4,500 metres (14,800 ft).^[3]

Diet

Most are omnivorous, but a few purely insectivorous and herbivorous species are known.

Species

There are more than 225 described species, but the true number of species may be about double this number.^[3] Liolaemus is by far the largest genus of the liolaemid lizards, which are traditionally treated as subfamily Liolaeminae within the Iguanidae but more recently were proposed for upranking to full family Liolaemidae.

The following species are recognised:^[4]

Pets

Some species of Liolaemus have been recently kept as pets, and as many of them originate from regions that experience cold conditions, they are named "snow swifts". More generally, the genus is known as "tree iguanas".

References

^ Avila, Luciano J.; Morando, Mariana; Sites, Jack W., Jr. (2008). "New species of the iguanian lizard genus Liolaemus (Squamata, Iguania, Liolaemini) from Central Patagonia, Argentina" (PDF). Journal of Herpetology. 42 (1): 186–196. doi:10.1670/06-244r2.1.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Schulte, James A. III; Macey, J. Robert; Espinoza, Robert E.; Larson, Allan. (2000). "Phylogenetic relationships in the iguanid lizard genus Liolaemus: multiple origins of viviparous reproduction and evidence for recurring Andean vicariance and dispersal" (PDF). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 69 (1): 75–102. doi:10.1006/bijl.1999.0346.
^ ^a ^b Olave, Melisa; Martinez, Lorena E.; Avila, Luciano J.; Sites, Jack W., Jr.; Morando, Mariana. (2011). "Evidence of hybridization in the Argentinean lizards Liolaemus gracilis and Liolaemus bibronii (Iguania: Liolaemini): an integrative approach based on genes and morphology" (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 61 (2): 381–391. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.07.006. PMID 21798358.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ "Liolaemidae". The Reptile Database. Retrieved October 8, 2012.
^ Avila LJ, Morando M, Perez CH, Sites JW Jr (2010). "A new species of the Liolaemus elongatus clade (Reptilia: Iguania: Liolaemini) from Cordillera del Viento, northwestern Patagonia, Neuquén, Argentina" (PDF). Zootaxa. 2667: 28–42.
^ Breitman MF, Parra M, Perez CH, Sites JW (2011). "Two new species of lizards from the Liolaemus lineomaculatus section (Squamata: Iguania: Liolaemidae) from southern Patagonia" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3120: 1–28.
^ Martinez LE, Avila LJ, Perez CH, Perez DR, Sites JW, Morando M (2011). "A new species of Liolaemus (Squamata, Iguania, Liolaemini) endemic to the Auca Mahuida volcano, northwestern Patagonia, Argentina" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3010: 31–46.
^ "The First Parthenogenetic Pleurodont Iguanian: A New All-female Liolaemus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Western Argentina". Copeia. 104 (2): 487–497. 2016. doi:10.1643/CH-15-381. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |authors= ignored (help)

External links

Data related to Liolaemus at Wikispecies
Cyber Lizard A look at the Iguanids

[1] Avila, Luciano J.; Morando, Mariana; Sites, Jack W., Jr. (2008). "New species of the iguanian lizard genus Liolaemus (Squamata, Iguania, Liolaemini) from Central Patagonia, Argentina" (PDF). Journal of Herpetology. 42 (1): 186–196. doi:10.1670/06-244r2.1.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[Schulte-2] Schulte, James A. III; Macey, J. Robert; Espinoza, Robert E.; Larson, Allan. (2000). "Phylogenetic relationships in the iguanid lizard genus Liolaemus: multiple origins of viviparous reproduction and evidence for recurring Andean vicariance and dispersal" (PDF). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 69 (1): 75–102. doi:10.1006/bijl.1999.0346.

[Olave-3] Olave, Melisa; Martinez, Lorena E.; Avila, Luciano J.; Sites, Jack W., Jr.; Morando, Mariana. (2011). "Evidence of hybridization in the Argentinean lizards Liolaemus gracilis and Liolaemus bibronii (Iguania: Liolaemini): an integrative approach based on genes and morphology" (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 61 (2): 381–391. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.07.006. PMID 21798358.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[4] "Liolaemidae". The Reptile Database. Retrieved October 8, 2012.

[5] Avila LJ, Morando M, Perez CH, Sites JW Jr (2010). "A new species of the Liolaemus elongatus clade (Reptilia: Iguania: Liolaemini) from Cordillera del Viento, northwestern Patagonia, Neuquén, Argentina" (PDF). Zootaxa. 2667: 28–42.

[ZT3120-6] Breitman MF, Parra M, Perez CH, Sites JW (2011). "Two new species of lizards from the Liolaemus lineomaculatus section (Squamata: Iguania: Liolaemidae) from southern Patagonia" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3120: 1–28.

[7] Martinez LE, Avila LJ, Perez CH, Perez DR, Sites JW, Morando M (2011). "A new species of Liolaemus (Squamata, Iguania, Liolaemini) endemic to the Auca Mahuida volcano, northwestern Patagonia, Argentina" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3010: 31–46.

[8] "The First Parthenogenetic Pleurodont Iguanian: A New All-female Liolaemus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Western Argentina". Copeia. 104 (2): 487–497. 2016. doi:10.1643/CH-15-381. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |authors= ignored (help)

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