List of monarchs of Carthage
Until 308 BC Carthage was ruled, at least officially, by monarchs, in the sense of the word that executive power was held by one person.[1] It also seems for the time period below to have been passed down in the clan of the Magonids. The title itself was most likely Suffete.:[2]: 115–116
Didonian
- Dido 814 – c. 760 BC (queen)
- unknown
- Hanno I c. 580 – c. 556 BC
- Malchus c. 556 – c. 550 BC
- Mago I c. 550 – c. 530 BC
- Hasdrubal I c. 530 – c. 510 BC
- Hamilcar I c. 510–480 BC
- Hanno II 480–440 BC
- Himilco I (in Sicily) 460–410 BC
- Hannibal I 440–406 BC
- Himilco II 406–396 BC
- Mago II 396–375 BC
- Mago III 375–344 BC
- Hanno III 344–340 BC
- Hanno the Great 340–337 BC
- Gisco 337–330 BC
- Hamilcar II 330–309 BC
- Bomilcar 309–308 BC
In 480 BC, following Hamilcar I's death, the king lost most of his power to an aristocratic Council of Elders. In 308 BC, Bomilcar attempted a coup to restore the monarch to full power, but failed, which led to Carthage becoming in name, as well as fact, a republic.[1]
References
- ^ a b Andrew Lintott, Violence, Civil Strife and Revolution in the Classical City: 750-330 BC, Routledge, 2014, p. 66.
- ^ Miles, Richard (2011). Carthage Must Be Destroyed: The Rise and Fall of an Ancient Civilization. New York: Viking Penguin.