List of state leaders in 1631

This is a list of heads of state, heads of governments, and other rulers in the year 1631.

Africa

• Kingdom of Dahomey – Dakodonou (1620–1645)
• Ethiopian Empire – Susenyos I (1606–1632)
• Kingdom of Kongo –
  1. Ambrósio I of Kongo, Manikongo (1624–1631)
  2. Álvaro IV of Kongo, Manikongo (1631–1636)

Asia

• China (Ming dynasty) - Chongzhen Emperor (1627–1644)
• Empire of Japan –
  • Monarch – Meishō (1629–1643)
  • Shogun (Tokugawa) - Tokugawa Iemitsu (1623–1651)
  • Ryukyu Kingdom – Shō Hō (1621–1640)
• Khoshut Khanate – Güshi Khan (1630–1655)
• Korea (Joseon dynasty) – Injo (1623–1649)
• Mughal Empire – Shah Jahan (1627–1658)
• Later Jin (Manchu Empire) - Hong Taiji (1626–1643)

Europe

• Kingdom of England – Charles I (1625–1649)
• Kingdom of France – Louis XIII (1610–1643)
• Republic of Genoa –
  1. Andrea Spinola, Doge of Genoa (1629–1631)
  2. Leonardo Della Torre, Doge of Genoa (1631–1633)
• Holy Roman Empire – Ferdinand II (1620–1637)
  • Electorate of Bavaria – Maximilian I (1597–1651)
  • Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen – John Frederick, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp, Lutheran Administrator of the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen (1596–1634)
  • Bishopric of Lübeck – John Frederick, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp, Lutheran Administrator of the Prince-Bishopric of Lübeck (1607–1634)
  • Bishopric of Minden – Franz Wilhelm von Wartenberg (1631–1648)
  • Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück – Franz Wilhelm von Wartenberg (1625–1634 and again 1648–1661)
  • Prince-Bishopric of Verden –
    1. Franz Wilhelm von Wartenberg (1630–1631)
    2. John Frederick, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp, Lutheran Administrator of the Prince-Bishopric of Verden (1631–1634)
• Ottoman (Turkish) Empire – Murat IV (1623–1640)
• Papal States – Pope Urban VIII (1623–1644)
• Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth – Sigismund III Vasa (1587–1632)
• Tsardom of Russia – Michael I (1613–1645)
• Kingdom of Spain – Philip IV (1621–1665)
• Swedish Empire – Gustavus Adolphus (1611–1632)
• United Provinces –
  • Estates of Friesland, Groningen, Guelders, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht, Zeeland (1581–1795)
  • Stadtholder - Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, Stadtholder of Gelre, Holland, Utrecht and Zeeland(1625–1647)
    • Holland – Grand Pensionary -
      1. Jacob Cats (1629–1631, 1636–1651)
      2. Adriaan Pauw (1631–1636, 1651–1653)
• Republic of Venice –
  1. Nicolò Contarini, Doge of Venice (1630–1631)
  2. Francesco Erizzo, Doge of Venice (1631–1646)

Middle East and North Africa

• Safavid Empire – Safi, Shah of Iran (1629–1642)