Murder of John Edwards
John Edwards | |
---|---|
![]() John Timothy Edwards, who was killed during a camping trip in 1994 | |
Born | John Timothy Edwards c. 1976 Florida, U.S. |
Died | February 18, 1994 (aged 18) Ocala National Forest, Florida, U.S. |
Cause of death | Knife wounds to neck and head injuries |
Nationality | American |
Education | Florida State University (incomplete) |
Occupation | Student |
Known for | Victim of a kidnap-murder case |
Parent(s) | Timothy Edwards (father) Unnamed mother |
Family | Pam Edwards (sister) |
On February 18, 1994, a brother-sister pair were attacked by two men at a camping site in Ocala National Forest, Florida. The 21-year-old sister was raped twice by the attackers, but the 18-year-old brother, John Timothy Edwards (John T. Edwards), was murdered by the same two perpetrators of the attack. During the same month, the two killers, William Christopher Paul and Loran Kenstley Cole, were arrested and charged with kidnapping, robbery, rape and murder.[1]
Out of the two, Paul pleaded guilty to the murder, kidnapping and robbery charges, a decision that ultimately spared him the death sentence, and he was sentenced to life imprisonment. On the other hand, Cole, who was deemed to have played a bigger role in the murder, was sentenced to death after a state jury found him guilty of murdering Edwards and other charges that include the rape of Edwards's sister.[2] Cole, whose appeals were all denied, is currently awaiting execution by lethal injection on August 29, 2024.[3]
Murder
[edit]On February 18, 1994, a brother-sister pair, John Timothy Edwards and his sister Pam Edwards, were attacked at a camping site in Ocala National Forest, Florida.
Edwards, a Florida State University student, and his sister, a Eckerd College student, met in Ocala for a camping trip. Edwards had driven from Tallahassee while his sister arrived from St. Petersburg at their meet-up point, and they both headed to Ocala National Forest. While they were setting up camp in the Hopkins Prairie, the Edwards siblings met a man who stopped by and lent a helping hand to get the siblings settled. The man, who introduced himself as "Kevin", befriended the siblings and he left the campsite briefly before he returned with another man while the siblings were eating dinner, and introduced his companion as his brother. Kevin and his brother sat with the Edwards siblings around the campfire until 10.45pm, when the four decided to leave and take a walk to the pond to photograph alligators. The four walked for a while but never found the pond.[4]
At one point during the walk itself, Kevin jumped upon Edwards's 21-year-old sister, handcuffed her and threw her onto the ground. Edwards retaliated by attacking Paul after this, but he was overpowered by both Kevin and his brother, and he was thrown onto the ground next to his sister. Kevin's brother took Edwards's sister up the path while Kevin stayed back with 18-year-old John Edwards, slashing his throat and battering him severely on the head, and as a result of the neck wound and skull fractures he sustained, Edwards died on that night itself.[5]
Meanwhile, Edwards's sister was taken back to the campsite by her captors, and Kevin threatened to kill her if she did not have sexual intercourse with him, and Edwards's sister was raped thereafter by Kevin. The next day, Edwards's sister was raped a second time before she was gagged and tied to a tree by both Kevin and his brother, before they took off in one of the sibling's cars. They also stole the siblings' jewellery, money, checkbooks and credit cards.[6]
Two days after the brutal attack, Edwards's sister was able to free herself by chewing through the rope, and tried to search for her brother but failed to find him. She then flagged down a motorist, who helped her to make a police report. Later on that same day, the body of John Edwards was found by law enforcement officers.[7] At the time of his death, Edwards was a chemical engineering major in his first year of college and his parents, who were in the military, were based in Okinawa, Japan. Edwards's friends and fraternity brothers from Phi Gamma Delta were shocked to hear about his murder as they remembered him as a good-looking, fun person who loved athletics and aspired to be a chemical engineer.[8] Edwards's father Timothy Edwards also described his son as the best child he could get in the world, and the Edwards family also set up a trust fund in the name of Edwards, and hoped to set up a scholarship with the money from the fund.[9]
Investigations and arrest
[edit]After the police report was lodged, the police released composite sketches of the two killers and appealed for witnesses to assist in investigations. After receiving a tip-off from a man who saw two men resembling the police sketches of the suspects in the Ocala area, the police were able to arrest the two murderers Kevin and his brother at Tuscawilla Park.[10] Kevin's real name was Loran Kenstley Cole, a 27-year-old Iowa-born man who resided in the Florida city of Orlando, while Kevin's accomplice was 20-year-old William Christopher Paul, a resident of Knoxville, Tennessee who was actually not Cole's brother and therefore unrelated to him by blood. Furthermore, apart from the motive of robbery, police uncovered that Cole was previously charged and convicted between 1985 and 1991 for various offences, and he was wanted in Cincinnati on a 1990 counterfeiting charge, while Paul had no previous antecedents.[11] Marion Sheriff Ken Ergle condemned the crime in a media statement pertaining to the men's capture, stating that they were "damnable animals" for committing such horrific crimes.[12]
Both Cole and Paul were charged with one count of murder, two counts of kidnapping, two counts of armed robbery and two counts of rape. If found guilty of the most serious charge of first-degree murder, both Cole and Paul would either be sentenced to death or life imprisonment under Florida law.[13][14]
Both Paul and Cole were detained without bail at Marion County Jail in Ocala. The two men allegedly tried to escape from judicial custody in May 1994, and were seen digging at mortar around the cinder blocks in their cells, but they denied doing so.[15]
Perpetrators
[edit]William Christopher Paul
[edit]Early life
[edit]William Christopher Paul | |
---|---|
![]() Mugshot of William Paul | |
Born | Knoxville, Tennessee, U.S. | April 19, 1973
Criminal status | Incarcerated since 1994 |
Motive | Robbery |
Conviction(s) | Murder (x1) Kidnapping (x2) Robbery (x2) |
Criminal penalty | Life imprisonment with the possibility of parole after 25 years (x5) |
Details | |
Victims | John Edwards, 18 (deceased) Pam Edwards, 21 (alive) |
Date | February 18, 1994 |
Location(s) | Ocala National Forest, Florida |
Imprisoned at | Cross City Correctional Institution |
William Christopher Paul (William C. Paul), who was born on April 19, 1973, came from Knoxville, Tennessee. Paul, who was an only child, reportedly loved camping and would collect wildflowers for his mother.
When Paul attended Gibbs High School, he was originally a good student, but when he was in seventh grade, Paul became addicted to marijuana, and although he stopped doing so at one point after he met his first girlfriend, he fell back into his old habits after they broke up. Paul dropped out of school at 11th grade as a result of his drug addiction. Paul went to work at a nursing home, where his mother also worked, but he spent 18 months on this job and left after he "got into trouble", according to his mother, who believed her son's drug addiction was the main cause of his problems and legal troubles. Paul went to Georgia after this, although he returned to Florida and would commit the murder sometime after.[16]
Plea of guilt and sentencing
[edit]On June 30, 1995, Paul pleaded guilty to one count of first-degree of murder, two armed robbery charges and two kidnapping charges. With his plea of guilt and correspondence between the prosecution and defence, the death penalty was taken off the table in Paul's case and he was given five concurrent life sentences for all the charges he was convicted of. The family of Edwards accepted this plea deal, since it prevented his sister from having to testify in two separate trials about how she was raped. The prosecution also agreed that Paul did not directly kill Edwards despite being an accomplice to murder.[17][18]
During his sentencing, it was decreed that Paul would not be eligible for parole until he completed a minimum period of 25 years behind bars, based on the plea bargain.[19] As of 2024, Paul remains incarcerated at Cross City Correctional Institution.[20]
Loran Kenstley Cole
[edit]Early life
[edit]Loran Kenstley Cole | |
---|---|
![]() Mugshot of Loran Kenstley Cole | |
Born | Iowa, U.S. | November 11, 1966
Criminal status | Incarcerated on death row. Execution scheduled for August 29, 2024 |
Motive | Robbery |
Conviction(s) | Murder (x1) Kidnapping (x2) Robbery (x2) Rape (x2) |
Criminal penalty | Murder Death Rape, robbery and kidnapping Life imprisonment (x6) |
Details | |
Victims | John Edwards, 18 (deceased) Pam Edwards, 21 (alive) |
Date | February 18, 1994 |
Location(s) | Ocala National Forest, Florida |
Imprisoned at | Florida State Prison |
Loran Kenstley Cole (Loran K. Cole), alias Laran Cole, K. C. Cole and David Bryant, was born in Iowa on November 11, 1966. Cole reportedly had an unhappy childhood full of both physical and emotional abuse, and his parents Don and Ann Cole were reportedly addicted to alcohol and substance abuse, neglecting him and his sisters. According to Cole's two step-sisters Ann Marie Powers and Andrea Jane Headlee, Cole was sent to foster care more than once in his childhood and his mother had gone to prison, and that Cole's father would get violent whenever he became intoxicated with alcohol and would have physical altercations with his wife during arguments.[21] At the time of his arrest, Cole was divorced with one son, who resided in Ohio.[22]
In 1984, when Cole was 17, he went to live at the Arthur G. Dozier School for Boys, where he reportedly underwent severe physical and sexual abuse by the staff during his six-month stay. Regularly, Cole was beaten at least twice a week and on one occasion, he was raped by a guard, and on another occasion, Cole had both of his legs broken by staff after trying to escape the school.[23]
Prior to the murder of John Edwards in 1994, Cole had a criminal record of offences from 1985 to 1991 and arrested for a total of 13 times. Among these antecedents, Cole was involved in three cases of theft and burglary in 1986 and jailed for these above offences. Cole was given a 5+1⁄2-year jail term for grand theft in 1991 but he was released on parole after serving only one year out of his sentence, partly due to prison overcrowding and Cole being assessed for having a low risk of re-offending.[24][25][26] This decision was controversial given the violent nature of the murder, which Cole committed just three years after his release and it was realized that without Cole's early release, the murder of Edwards would never have happened in the first place.[27] Since then, there were public calls against releasing dangerous offenders too early before they complete their sentences.[28][29]
Trial and sentencing
[edit]On September 18, 1995, a jury selection commenced before the trial of Loran Cole, which was scheduled to begin in the following week. A request from Cole's lawyer Don Gleason to hold separate trials for the murder charge and lesser charges of rape, abduction and robbery for Cole.[30] Cole's trial began on September 26, 1995.[31] The prosecution had earlier confirmed they would be seeking the death penalty for Cole.[32]
During the trial, which was presided by a 12-member jury, the prosecution argued that both Cole and his accomplice William Paul had deliberately approached the Edwards siblings, planning to rob them under the pretext of befriending the siblings, before Cole used a wood and brass folding knife to slit the throat of John Edwards and later raped his sister. Edwards's sister, Pam Edwards, testified in court that she grew suspicious as she heard Paul and Cole using new names with each other and behaved differently on the trail from before at the campsite. She testified that she tried to leave by taking a different path before Cole grabbed her from behind and slammed her down the ground, and her brother was also down moments later after he hit Paul. Pam said she saw the men tying up her brother and while Paul was leading her away, she heard her brother grunting as though he was being assaulted, with Cole screaming why did Edwards hit his "brother" (referring to Paul). A serologist Karen Barnes testified that she found bloodstains on the knife, which matched Edwards's DNA, but Cole's lawyers attempted to argue that the knife was found on Paul when the arrest of both men was made, meaning that Cole did not slit the throat of Edwards.[33][34]
Mary Gamble, another prosecution witness who had a one-night stand with Cole and lived with him in the past, testified that Cole admitted to her about raping a woman and murdering a man, who was none other than Edwards. She recalled that Cole and Paul drove a car to her house, and while Cole claimed it belonged to his new boss, she found a receipt with Edwards's name on it inside the car, and subsequently put two and two together when she saw the murder of Edwards hitting the news. Gamble stated that in order to find out the truth, she visited Cole several times and after doing so, she learnt from Cole that he raped Edwards's sister and he also slit Edwards's throat, but he was uncertain on how Edwards died.[35]
On September 29, 1995, a 12-member jury found Cole guilty of all seven charges, mainly one count of murder, two counts of kidnapping, two counts of rape and two counts of armed robbery.[36][37] The day after Cole's conviction, the same jury unanimously recommended that Cole should be given the death penalty for the murder of John Edwards.[38][39]
On December 21, 1995, Circuit Judge William T. Swigert formally sentenced Cole to death for murdering Edwards. Cole was simultaneously sentenced to life in prison for the other offences he committed. Cole's defence counsel reportedly urged the judge to consider Cole's troubled childhood during sentencing, but Justice Swigert aligned with the stance of the prosecution, who all described Cole as a "cold and indifferent killer".[40][41]
Cole was one of the three convicted murderers from Marion County sent to death row by Justice Swigert during his time on the bench from 1974 to 2004. Justice Swigert died at the age of 77 in 2014.[42]
Loran Kenstley Cole's appeals
[edit]After the end of his trial, Loran Kenstley Cole appealed against his conviction and sentence all the way to the Florida Supreme Court, but the appeals were dismissed, and his death sentence was finalized in 1998.[43]
Cole was one of the four death row inmates (the others include serial killer Daniel Conahan) to lose their respective appeals in January 2003 when the state Supreme Court rejected their appeals.[44]
In late 2003, Cole filed an appeal for post-conviction DNA testing, claiming that the DNA evidence could show that he was not the only one who raped Edwards's sister and that he was not the real killer of the case but Paul, who was still serving a life term at that point. His counsel also argued that it was unsafe to uphold either the death sentence or murder conviction, as the evidence implicating Cole in the murder was circumstantial and there was undue reliance on the testimony of Edwards's sister, who was the sole survivor in this case, to determine the guilt of Cole, as there were risks of doing so given the rate of clarity and accuracy of her recollection and memories in this case. The prosecution, however, argued that regardless of the results, it was undisputed that Cole indeed raped Edwards's sister and argued that his murder conviction and death sentence were safe to affirm.[45] The lower courts, as well as the Supreme Court of Florida, dismissed the appeal of Cole in relation to the DNA testing matter, after they found that any post-conviction DNA testing granted would not have prove that Cole was not guilty of murder or rape, and as corroborated by his admission to rape.[46][47][48]
Since 2004, for more than a decade until 2018, Cole would go on filing motions to vacate his death sentence or writs of habeas corpus (unlawful detention), but his motions were all thrown out by the courts, which all rejected his reasons to avoid the death sentence.[49][50][51]
As of 2013, Loran Cole was one of the eight killers convicted in Marion County to be held on death row in Florida.[52]
Cole's death warrant
[edit]On July 29, 2024, 30 years and five months after he murdered John Edwards, 57-year-old Loran Kenstley Cole was scheduled to be put to death via lethal injection on August 29, 2024, after the Florida state governor Ron DeSantis signed his death warrant.[53][54] Cole was reportedly the first inmate from Florida with his execution date set in 2024 and would be the ninth person slated for execution during DeSantis's tenure as governor of Florida;[55] the last execution in Florida occurred on October 3, 2023, when 54-year-old Michael Duane Zack III was executed for murdering two women in 1996.[56][57] After the execution date was set, the Florida Supreme Court has issued an order to expedite all proceedings in the case.[58]
After Cole's death warrant was issued, his lawyers filed appeals with hopes of staving off his upcoming execution. They raised the fact that since his stay at the age of 17, Cole was a victim of abuse at the Arthur G. Dozier School for Boys, a reform school for troubled youths, and Cole's traumatic experiences were not being raised during his trial as factors that would have spared him the death sentence and also enable the jury to duly consider before deciding on his sentence at an earlier stage. However, the prosecution argued that these claims were already considered during his previous appeals from the past few years and were hardly new, and they were not being accepted by the courts in each and every past hearing regarding this matter.[59]
On August 8, 2024, Marion County Circuit Judge Robert Hodges ruled that the arguments of Cole's lawyers should be rejected, since the evidence was not new and they were already being rejected in prior appeals before this stage. He additionally rejected that a new law compensating victims of abuse from the school should allow a fresh review of Cole's case.[60]
A follow-up appeal is currently pending before the Florida Supreme Court.[61] Cole's lawyers argued before the Supreme Court that their client was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease and his symptoms of involuntary movements would affect the placement of intravenous lines necessary in carrying out his death sentence, and it would lead to a "substantial risk of illness by injury and needless suffering". However, this argument was already raised in their previous appeal before Justice Hodges in the lower courts of Marion County, as the judge rejected this evidence as "untimely" and without merit because Cole chose to reveal it right after the signing of his death warrant despite having a long window of opportunity to raise it much earlier before this present stage, and it was mere speculation that he might suffer because of his involuntary body movements, in addition to his failure of showing "that medical personnel have previously had problems finding a vein in his arm or that he has previously suffered pain during the placement of an intravenous line".[62]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Accused killers charged in 9 felonies". Ocala Star-Banner. February 23, 1994.
- ^ "Student's killer sentenced to death". Sarasota Herald-Tribune. December 22, 1995.
- ^ "Gov. DeSantis approves execution of man who murdered 18-year-old FSU student in 1994". CBS News. July 30, 2024.
- ^ "2. Arrested In Rape, Killing In Ocala National Forest". Bangor Daily News. February 22, 1994.
- ^ "Killing and Rape in a Florida National Forest". The New York Times. February 23, 1994.
- ^ "DeSantis signs death warrant for man convicted in 1994 murder of Florida State student". NBC Miami. July 30, 2024.
- ^ "August execution date set for Florida man involved in 1994 killing and rape in national forest". The Independent. July 30, 2024.
- ^ "Ocala National Forest murder from 1994: Gov. DeSantis signs death warrant for Loran Cole". Ocala Star-Banner. July 30, 2024.
- ^ "DAD CALLS SLAIN STUDENT 'BEST KID IN WORLD'". Orlando Sentinel. February 24, 1994.
- ^ "Arrests made in killing". Ocala Star-Banner. February 22, 1994.
- ^ "Two men arrested in camping assault". Pensacola News Journal. February 22, 1994.
- ^ "Authorities nab two men in student's slaying". Tallahassee Democrat. February 22, 1994.
- ^ "2 charged in Ocala rape, murder". Tampa Bay Times. February 22, 1994.
- ^ "POLICE CHARGE 2 MEN IN SLAYING, RAPE IN OCALA FOREST". Orlando Sentinel. February 22, 1995.
- ^ "Suspects accused of escape plot". Tampa Bay Times. May 20, 1994.
- ^ "Suspect's mom believes drugs the cause of son's problems". Gainesville Sun. February 22, 1994.
- ^ "Paul pleaded in forest murder". Ocala Star-Banner. July 1, 1995.
- ^ "Man sentenced to life in prison in forest murder". Ocala Star-Banner. July 1, 1995.
- ^ "Plea deal accepted in forest slaying". Tampa Bay Times. July 14, 1995.
- ^ "PAUL, WILLIAM C". FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS. Retrieved August 11, 2024.
- ^ COLE v. STATE [2003], Supreme Court of Florida (United States).
- ^ "SUSPECTS AIMLESSLY MADE WAY TO OCALA". Orlando Sentinel. February 23, 1995.
- ^ "Florida Death Row inmate says he shouldn't be executed because he was abused at school". Tallahassee Democrat. August 8, 2024.
- ^ "Record gave no hint of a bent for violence". Tampa Bay Times. February 23, 1994.
- ^ "Arrest record shows Cole as felony offender". Ocala Star-Banner. February 22, 1994.
- ^ "COLE, LORAN K". FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS. Retrieved August 11, 2024.
- ^ "'It should never have happened'". Ocala Star-Banner. February 23, 1994.
- ^ "More than 50,000 Floridians have signed a petition that would require prisoners serve at least 85 percent of their sentences". Gainesville Sun. February 27, 1995.
- ^ "Citizens Take Safety Into Their Own Hands". The News. February 27, 1995.
- ^ "Jury Selection Begins In Ocala Forest Murder Trial". Ocala Star-Banner. September 18, 1995.
- ^ "Ocala National Forest murder trial under way". Tampa Bay Times. September 26, 1995.
- ^ "Prosecutors want death sentence". Ocala Star-Banner. September 26, 1995.
- ^ "Victim tells of kidnap-rape, fatal ordeal". Tampa Bay Times. September 28, 1995.
- ^ "SURVIVOR OF CAMP HORROR TELLS OF BROTHER'S SLAYING". Orlando Sentinel. September 28, 1995.
- ^ "Cole admitted rape, murder, witness says". Ocala Star-Banner. September 27, 1995.
- ^ "COLE FOUND GUILTY OF KILLING STUDENT IN OCALA FOREST". Orlando Sentinel. September 29, 1995.
- ^ "Guilty". Ocala Star-Banner. September 29, 1995.
- ^ "Jury urges death for Cole". Ocala Star-Banner. September 30, 1995.
- ^ "Jury recommends death sentence". Granville Sun. September 30, 1995.
- ^ "Sentence is death for killing in forest". Tampa Bay Times. December 21, 1995.
- ^ "Sentence is death for killing in forest". St. Petersburg Times. December 21, 1995.
- ^ "Saying goodbye to Judge Swigert". Ocala Star-Banner. May 1, 2014.
- ^ COLE v. STATE [1997], Supreme Court of Florida (United States).
- ^ "High court rejects appeals from four death row inmates". Sarasota Herald-Tribune. January 16, 2003.
- ^ "Killer's lawyers seek reprieve". Ocala Star-Banner. October 30, 2003.
- ^ COLE v. STATE [2004], Supreme Court of Florida (United States).
- ^ "State high court denies DNA test for death-row inmate". Sarasota Herald-Tribune. November 25, 2004.
- ^ "Court Denies DNA Test for Killer". Lakeland Ledger. November 23, 2004.
- ^ "Four death row inmates lose appeals before state high court". Tampa Bay Times. November 25, 2004.
- ^ "Death row inmate continues fight". Ocala Star-Banner. May 10, 2017.
- ^ "Death row inmate denied relief again". Ocala Star-Banner. January 23, 2018.
- ^ "Marion County murderers on death row". Ocala Star-Banner. December 13, 2018.
- ^ "August execution date set for Florida man involved in 1994 killing and rape in national forest". AP News. July 31, 2024.
- ^ "August execution date set for Florida man involved in 1994 killing and rape in national forest". ABC News. July 30, 2024.
- ^ "First DeSantis death warrant of 2024 shows randomness of capital punishment in Florida". Tallahassee Democrat. August 1, 2024.
- ^ "Man who killed 2 women he met a day apart in north Florida bars in 1996 is put to death". AP News. October 3, 2023.
- ^ "DeSantis signs death warrant for inmate convicted in 1994 murder". Tampa Bay Times. July 30, 2024.
- ^ "Florida Gov. DeSantis Signs Death Warrant For Inmate Convicted In 1994 Murder Of FSU Student". Tampa Free Press. July 30, 2024.
- ^ "Florida inmate cites Dozier abuse as he argues to vacate his death sentence". Tampa Bay Times. August 7, 2024.
- ^ "Judge rejects Dozier abuse as reason to halt execution of FSU student's killer". Orlando Sentinel. August 9, 2024.
- ^ "Florida Death Row Inmate Loran Cole's Attorneys Fight Execution, Appeals To State Supreme Court". Tampa Free Press. August 9, 2024.
- ^ "Parkinson's disease argued to prevent execution of man who murdered Florida State student". NBC Miami. August 15, 2024.