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Louise Wright (illustrator)

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Louise Wright
Louise Wright sitting at her easel in 1917 or 1918
Born(1863-09-05)5 September 1863
Leeds, Yorkshire, England
NationalityEnglish
OccupationFashion Illustrator
Known forEstablishing the vogue for fashion catalogues
Signature
The signature Louise Wright used on her illustrations

Louise Wright (born 5 September 1863) was a fashion illustrator. Four of her six siblings were also professional artists. They were all born in Leeds, and almost all of them later moved to London.

Biography

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Wright was born in Leeds, Yorkshire, England, on 5 September 1863, and baptised in Holbeck Parish, Leeds, on 7 October 1863.[1] She is sometimes confused with the Louise Wright (b. 1875 Philadelphia, USA) who married John W. Wright (1857–1933), the watercolourist and etcher.[2]: 357  [3][note 1]

Wright's father was George Edward Wright (24 February 1834[4] – 11 November 1916),[5] an accountant and Elizabeth Scott (c. 1840 – 31 May 1916),[6] the daughter or Thomas Scott (born c. 1804), variously a railway engineer and a commission agent. George Edward and Elizabeth had married on 22 August 1859 in St' Jude's Church at Hunslet, Leeds, Yorkshire, England.[7][8]

George Edward Wright and Elizabeth Scott had seven children, five of whom were professional artists:

  • George Wright, (30 June 1860[9] – 11 March 1944[10]) a noted painter of hunting and coaching scenes.[11][note 3]
  • Louise Wright, the subject of this article.
  • Mabel Wright, born on 26 May 1867.[16] One of only two siblings who were not professional artists.[note 7]
  • Ethel Wright, born 11 October 1870,[23] was the second of the sibling who was not a professional artist. She was living with her sisteres at 131 Woodham lane in September 1939.
  • Constance Wright (5 March 1877[23] – second quarter of 1973),[24] described as a fashion artist in the 1911 census.[note 9]
  • Philip Wright, (c. 2 February 1878[note 10] – 11 July 1926),[note 11] described as a fashion artist in the 1901 and the 1911 census.[note 12][note 13]
  • Gilbert Scott Wright, (24 July 1880 – 1958),[40] an artist who worked with his brother George in his early years and also painted sporting and coaching scenes.[40] He served as executor for his brother Philip,[33] and for his parents.[5][12]

Wright seems never to have married. She was living at 131 Woodham Lane, Addlestone, Surrey at the time of the 1939 Register, at the house of her sister and brother-in-law, together with her sisters Ethel and Mabel.[23] It is not clear when she died. The most likely record in the UK Death Index is a Louise Wright whose death was registered in North Surrey in the first quarter of 1944, aged 79.[41] Louise would have been aged 80 at the time, but errors in such dates are not exceptional, especially as Louise's notional year of birth from Census data was 1868.

Work

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Wright, like the rest of her family, had no formal training in art, and their abilities developed entirely on their professional needs.[35]: 5  As a child, Wright spent most of her playtime designing dresses for her dolls.[35]: 6  In 1891 the family was living at 6 Chestnut Ave, Headingley, in Leeds. However, there was little future there for the fashion illustrators in the family[note 14] and the family moved to London. In 1901 the Family were living at 33 St. German's Road, Forest Hill, London. By 1911, Wright was living at Kirklees, 99 Honor Oak Park, with her parents, and her siblings Constance and Gilbert Scott.

Wright's first fashion work offered for sale was a series of watercolour designs for display in the windows of women's dress shops. This gained her an appointment as a designer for a costumier and soon after was offered commissions by Alfred Vivian Mansell & Co.[note 15] for whom she produced her first fashion catalogue. Soon she was so busy that her brother Gilbert Scott Wright had to come to her assistance, and soon the whole family was engaged in fashion drawing.[35]: 6 

Wright spent a year as the chief staff artist for Queen for a year.[35]: 7 

Example of her work

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The following illustrations are from The Art of the Illustrator. The first stage drawing is very faint as it was done in soft pencil and the ink may have faded over time.

  • First stage
    First stage
  • Second stage
    Second stage
  • Third stage
    Third stage
  • Fourth stage
    Fourth stage
  • Fifth stage
    Fifth stage
  • Final illustration
    Final illustration

Assessment

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Wright was one of the leading illustrators selected by Percy Bradshaw for inclusion in his The Art of the Illustrator which presented a separate portfolio for each of twenty illustrators. The portfolio contained: a brief biography of Wright, an illustration of Wright at work in her studio, a sample of Wright's signature, an explanation of Wright's method of working-up the attached plates. The final plate showing an illustration typical of her work and five other plates showed the work at five earlier stages of its production, from the first rough to the just before the finished drawing or colour sketch.[44] Wright's illustration is shown in the example above.

Bradshaw said that Louise and her siblings Wrights started the vogue for the beautifully illustrated Fashion Catalogues which have been issued by drapers, costumiers, tailors, etc., in recent years. and that this work kept the family perpetually busy. He further said that Wright had been responsible for a great deal of the best Fashion work which has been produced in this country and that her work was known and appreciated by users of Fashion drawing everywhere.[35]: 7 

Notes

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  1. ^ Houfe's Dictionary of 19th Century British Book Illustrators and Caricaturists (1996) confuses the Leeds Louise Wright and the Philadelphia Louise Wright. His entry for Louise Wright provides biographical details for the Philadelphia Wright, but then links these to illustrations by the Leeds Wright[2]: 31 , and to The Art of the Illustrator portfolio about the Leeds Louise Wright.[2]: 357 
  2. ^ She gives her date of birth in the 1939 Register as 14 December 1864. However, her baptismal records show that she was baptised on 27 April 1864, and born on 14 December 1863.
  3. ^ George married Rose Ellen Tribe (14 December 1864[9] – 13 November 1943[12])[note 2] of Leeds, the daughter of Edward Tribe, (born c.1817) a publican and Kezia Tribe (born c. 1925), on 30 March 1885 at the parish church of Wrangthorn, Yorkshire.[13] The couple had two daughters:
      • Florence Bensley Wright, born 16 December 1886.[14]
      • Enid Wright, baptised 1 June 1888.[15]
  4. ^ Tennant was from the Sheffield family of brewers of that name.[17]
  5. ^ While his birth was registered in the last quarter of 1869, his age is shown as two on the 1871 census. If he had been born in the last quarter of 1869 he could only have been 18 months old at the time of the census.
  6. ^ The reason for the lack of certainty is that while the age, first name, and initial match, no corroborating probate or newspaper records were found. It appears that Maud had remarried by 1939.
  7. ^ She married Bertie Neville Tennant[note 4] (birth registered in the last quarter of 1869[18][note 5] – probably in the first quarter of 1927[19][note 6]). The couple were married at St Martin-in-the-Fields, London, on 24 January 1891.[20][21][22] In 1939 a Mabel Marston, a widow with the same date of birth as Mabel Wright, was living with the three sister's Louise, Ethel, and Constance, at the Best family home at 131 Woodham Lane, Richmond, Surrey.[23] This suggests that Mabel had remarried and been widowed for a second time. [20][21][22] In 1939 a Mabel Marston, a widow with the same date of birth as Mabel Wright, was living with the three sister's Louise, Ethel, and Constance, at the Best family home at 131 Woodham Lane, Richmond, Surrey.[23] This suggests that Mabel had remarried and been widowed for a second time.
  8. ^ Best had already served five years in the reserve from 1903.[32] He enlisted on 17 October 1914, was promoted to Corporal on 1 February 1915, promoted to acting Lance Sergeant on 15 July 1915, and to acting Quartermaster Sergeant on 13 August 1916. He demobilised on 18 March 1919. His initial posting was in the 24th (County of London) Battalion (The Queen's), but was immediately transferred to the 7th (City of London) Battalion, London Regiment and eventually, on 29 April 1916, to the Royal Defence Corps (where his regimental number was 3 - indicating that he was the third person to be enlisted in that Corps). He was usually placed on the Headquarters Staff of the units he served in.[26]
  9. ^ She married insurance broker Cecil Arthur Best (22 September 1881[23] – 7 July 1959[25]) on 28 October 1911, at St Augustine's, Honor Oak Park. The couple had at least one child, a boy,[26] Anthony Allen Best (15 April 1913[27][28] – 24 March 1998[29][30]), who also became an insurance broker.[25]. Their life was interrupted by the first World War, but Best served at home throughout,[26] winning the Meritorious Service Medal for his service.[31][note 8]
  10. ^ Date of birth calculated from Army Records, as he gave his age as 37 years and 313 days when enlisting on 12 December 1915.
  11. ^ His probate record[33] gives his date of death as 11 July 1926, while his grave marker gives it as 12 July 1926.[34]
  12. ^ Bradshaw said that he concentrated on Fashion after a good deal of experience as a general illustrator[35]: 5 
  13. ^ He married Marion Broughton Barrett on 4 June 1910.[36][37] The couple had a son, David, born on 12 December 1912 at home at 12 Gaynesford Road, Forest Hill.[38][39] Philip enlisted on 12 December 1915, and was immediately assigned to the Army Reserve. He was mobilised on 4 December 1916 as a Gunner in the Royal Garrison Artillery. He saw service in Italy with 6 inch siege batteries No. 317 and No. 390, and was demobilised in March 1919.[39] He is buried with his parents at Dulwich Old Cemetery in London.[34]
  14. ^ Louise, Constance, and Philip all worked on fashion illustration.
  15. ^ A. Vivian Mansell and Co. were a publishers and printers, chiefly of postcards and posters, but who also produced calendars, and a series of colour prints by leading artists.[42][43]

References

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  1. ^ West Yorkshire Archive Service (3 July 1905). "Baptism solemnized in the Parish of Holbeck in the County of York in the Year 1863: Yorkshire Parish Records; New Reference Number: RDP42/6". West Yorkshire, England, Church of England Births and Baptisms, 1813-1910. Provo, Utah: Ancestry.com.
  2. ^ a b c Houfe, Simon (1996). Dictionary of 19th Century British Book Illustrators and Caricaturists. Woodbridge: Antique Collectors' Club. ISBN 1-85149-193-7.
  3. ^ Johnson, J.; Greutzner, A. (8 June 1905). The Dictionary of British Artists 1880-1940. Woodbridge: Antique Collectors' Club. p. 561.
  4. ^ West Yorkshire Archive Service (3 July 1905). "Yorkshire Parish Records; New Reference Number: RDP68/3A/9". West Yorkshire, England, Church of England Births and Baptisms, 1813-1910. Provo, Utah: Ancestry.com.
  5. ^ a b "Wills and Probates 1858-1996: Pages for Wright and the year of death 1917". Find a Will Service. Retrieved 9 September 2020.
  6. ^ "Elizabeth Wright: Died: 31 May 1916". Billion Graves. Retrieved 10 September 2020.
  7. ^ West Yorkshire Archive Service (3 July 1905). "Marriage Solemnized at the new Parish Church in the New Parish of St. Jude, Pottery Field, Hunslet in the county of York: George Edward Wright: Yorkshire Parish Records; Reference Number: RDP44/15/1". West Yorkshire, England, Church of England Marriages and Banns 1813-1935. Provo, Utah: Ancestry.com.
  8. ^ "Marriages". Leeds Times (Saturday 27 August 1859): 8. 27 August 1859. Retrieved 9 September 2020 – via The British Newspaper Archive.
  9. ^ a b National Archives (29 September 1939). 1939 Register: Reference: RG 101/1379A: E.D. CNET. Kew: National Archives.
  10. ^ "Wills and Probates 1858-1996: Pages for Wright and the year of death 1944". Find a Will Service. Retrieved 9 September 2020.
  11. ^ Woods, Christopher (1978). The Dictionary of Victorian Painters (2nd ed.). Woodbridge: Antique Collectors' Club. p. 531. ISBN 978-0-902028-72-2. Retrieved 9 September 2020 – via The Internet Archive.
  12. ^ a b "Wills and Probates 1858-1996: Pages for Wright and the year of death 1944". Find a Will Service. Retrieved 9 September 2020.
  13. ^ West Yorkshire Archive Service (3 July 1905). "1885 Marriage Solemnized at the Parish Church in the Parish of Wrangthron in the county of York: George Wright: Yorkshire Parish Records; Reference Number: RDP112/2/1". West Yorkshire, England, Church of England Marriages and Banns 1813-1935. Provo, Utah: Ancestry.com.
  14. ^ London Metropolitan Archives (2 July 1905). "Admission and Discharge Register for Girls: Reference LCC/EO/DIV02/STE/AD/002". School Admission and Discharge Registers. Provo, Utah: Ancestry.com.
  15. ^ West Yorkshire Archive Service (3 July 1905). "Baptism solemnized in the Parish of Wrangthron in the County of York in the Year 1888: Yorkshire Parish Records; New Reference Number: RDP112/1/1". West Yorkshire, England, Church of England Births and Baptisms, 1813-1910. Provo, Utah: Ancestry.com.
  16. ^ West Yorkshire Archive Service (3 July 1905). "Baptism solemnized in the Parish of Leeds, District Chapelry of St Paul's in the County of York in the Year 1867: 22 June 1867: Mabel Wright: Yorkshire Parish Records: New Reference Number: RDP58/9". West Yorkshire, England, Church of England Births and Baptisms, 1813-1910. Provo, Utah: Ancestry.com.
  17. ^ "Searching for Surname=tennant; Forename=robert james". A Cambridge Alumni Database. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
  18. ^ "Index entry". FreeBMD. ONS. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
  19. ^ "Index entry". FreeBMD. ONS. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
  20. ^ a b "Marriages". Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser (Wednesday 28 January 1891): 8. 28 January 1891. Retrieved 12 September 2020 – via The British Newspaper Archive.
  21. ^ a b "Index entry". FreeBMD. ONS. Retrieved 10 September 2020.
  22. ^ a b "Index entry". FreeBMD. ONS. Retrieved 10 September 2020.
  23. ^ a b c d e f National Archives (29 September 1939). 1939 Register: Reference: RG 101/1880G: E.D. DMCS. Kew: National Archives.
  24. ^ "Index entry". FreeBMD. ONS. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
  25. ^ a b "Wills and Probates 1858-1996: Pages for Best and the year of death 1959". Find a Will Service. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
  26. ^ a b c The National Archives (30 June 1905). "Best, Cecil Arthur: First three letters BES, images 3422-3441". UK, British Army World War I Service Records, 1914-1920. Lehi, Utah: Ancestry.com.
  27. ^ "Index entry". FreeBMD. ONS. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
  28. ^ "Anthony Allen Best: DoB 15 Apr 1913: District Haywards Heath: Reg Mar 1998". England & Wales, Civil Registration Death Index, 1916-2007. Provo, Utah: Ancestry.com. 29 June 1905.
  29. ^ "GreyPower Deceased Data; compiled by Wilmington Millennium; West Yorkshire, England; England and Wales Death Indexes: Anthony A Best, Hassocks, West Suxxex, England, BN6, 1 March 1998". England and Wales, Death Index, 1989-2019. Provo, Utah: Ancestry.com. 6 July 1905.
  30. ^ "Wills and Probate 1996 to present: 79 results with the name BEST and the year of death 1998". Find a Will Service. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
  31. ^ War Office - Armed Forces Service Records. "Medal card of Best, Cecil Arthur Corps: Royal Defence Corps Regiment No: 3, Ref: WO 372/24/82901". The National Archives. Kew: National Archives. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
  32. ^ The National Archives (2 July 1905). "Best, Cecil Arthur: First three letteres BES, images 1162-1165: WO364; Piece: 239". UK, British Army World War I Pension Records 1914-1920. Lehi, Utah: Ancestry.com.
  33. ^ a b "Wills and Probates 1858-1996: Pages for Wright and the year of death 1926". Find a Will Service. Retrieved 10 September 2020.
  34. ^ a b "Philip Wright: Died: 12 Jul 1926". Billion Graves. Retrieved 10 September 2020.
  35. ^ a b c d e f Bradshaw, Percy Venner; Louise (1918). The Art of the Illustrator: Louise Wright and her Work. Retrieved 10 September 2020 – via The Internet Archive.
  36. ^ "Index entry". FreeBMD. ONS. Retrieved 10 September 2020.
  37. ^ "Index entry". FreeBMD. ONS. Retrieved 10 September 2020.
  38. ^ "Index entry". FreeBMD. ONS. Retrieved 10 September 2020.
  39. ^ a b The National Archives (30 June 1905). "Wright, Philip: First three letteres WRI, images 61256-61287". UK, British Army World War I Service Records, 1914-1920. Lehi, Utah: Ancestry.com.
  40. ^ a b Haves Fine Art. "Artist Biography: Gilbert Scott Wright". Hayes Fine Art. Retrieved 10 September 2020.
  41. ^ "Index entry". FreeBMD. ONS. Retrieved 11 September 2020.
  42. ^ "A Vivian Mansell & Co". British Museum. Retrieved 11 September 2020.
  43. ^ "A. Vivian Mansell and Co". Grace's Guide to British Industrial History. Retrieved 11 September 2020.
  44. ^ "The Connisseur Bookself". The Connoisseur: An Illustrated Magazine for Collectors. 51 (204): 223. 1 August 1918. Retrieved 12 August 2020 – via The Internet Archive.
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