Ludvig Munk
Ludvig Ludvigsen Munk | |
|---|---|
 A 16th-century portrait of Ludvig Monk (oil), in the Portrait Collection at Frederiksborg Palace | |
| Born | 1537 (exact date unknown) |
| Died | 8 April 1602 |
| Nationality | Danish |
| Other names | Ludvig Ludvigsen Munk von Schleswig-Holstein Ludvig Munk til Nørlund |
| Occupation | Junker |
| Known for | Nobleman |
Ludvig Ludvigsen Munk was born in 1537 in Vejle, and died 8 April 1602 at Nørlund Slot (Nørlund castle) in Funen. He was a Danish official and Count. He was the son of Ludvik Munk (1500-1537), and is also referred to as Ludvig Ludvigsen Munk von Schleswig-Holstein and Ludvig Munk til Nørlund.[1]
He was a Junker at the royal court in 1561. Subsequently he served in the Navy and participated in the Northern Seven Years' War (1563–70) both at sea and on land. Along with his stepfather Christoffer Sydney, he was taken prisoner in the Battle of Svarterå (in Halland) on 20 November 1565, but soon regained his liberty. He moved to Trondheim, Norway in 1571, and served there as the Lord of Trøndelag, Jemtland and Herjedalen until 1577. Then he relocated to Akershus Fortress in Oslo and served as the Danish-Norwegian Governor-general of Norway from 1577 to 1583. After 1583 he became the District Governor and feudal overlord of: Hedmark (1587), then Lister (1588–89) and Trøndelag (1589–99).[1]
His service as a feudal overlord was noted for controversy. While he served as Lord of Trøndelag in 1573, he and his officials exceeded their rights and collected taxes or appropriated lands beyond that allowed by law. The residents sent a committee led by Rolv Halvardsson to Copenhagen to appeal Munk's judgments to King Frederick II of Denmark, as was their ancient right. Although Munk's judgments were overturned, Munk ignored the king's written direction to redress the grievances and instead imprisoned and hanged all members of the committee.[2] During King Christian's tour of Norway in 1596, this and other abuses were reported to the king, who dismissed Munk from office, banished him to his estates in Jutland and forced him to pay a heavy fine.[3][4][5] Lockhart indicates Ludvig Munk's Jutland estates were forfeited to the king posthumously.[6]
At the approximate age of 52, he married the 17-year-old Ellen Marsvin (1572–1649) of Lundegaard and Ellensborg on 29 June 1589 and their union produced a daughter, Kirsten Munk (1598–1658); in 1615 Kirsten entered into a morganatic marriage with the widowed King Christian IV of Denmark. Kirsten bore the king twelve children, among them the famous Countess Leonora Christina Ulfeldt, and Kirsten's children intermarried with the nobility of Denmark.[3]
References
- ^ a b Njåstad, Magne. "Ludvig Munk". Norsk biografisk leksikon (in Norwegian). Retrieved 13 April 2009.
- ^ Gjerset, Knut (1915). History of the Norwegian People, Volumes II, page 159. The MacMillan Company. Retrieved 13 April 2009.
- ^ a b Gjerset, Knut (1915). History of the Norwegian People, Volumes II, page 185. The MacMillan Company. Retrieved 13 April 2009.
- ^ Sörensen, Sigvart (1899). Norway. P.F. Collier & Son.
- ^ Stagg, Frank Noel (1953). The Heart of Norway. George Allen & Unwin, Ltd. Retrieved 13 April 2008.
- ^ Lockhart, Paul Douglas (2007). Denmark, 1513-1660: the rise and decline of a Renaissance monarchy. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-927121-6. Retrieved 13 April 2008.