Ma Xinyi
![]() |
Ma Xinyi | |
---|---|
Viceroy of Liangjiang | |
In office 6 September 1868 – 23 August 1870 | |
Preceded by | Zeng Guofan |
Succeeded by | Zeng Guofan |
Viceroy of Min-Zhe | |
In office 12 January 1868 – 6 September 1868 | |
Preceded by | Wu Tang |
Succeeded by | Yin Gui |
Personal details | |
Born | November 3, 1821 |
Died | August 22, 1870 | (aged 48)
Ma Xinyi ( Xiao'erjing: ﻣَﺎ سٍ ىِ, traditional Chinese: 馬新貽; simplified Chinese: 马新贻; pinyin: Mǎ Xīnyí; Wade–Giles: Ma Hsin-I; Styled and variably 穀三 ; Posthumous title: 端敏公 (Duke Duanmin); (November 3, 1821–August 22, 1870) was an eminent Hui Muslim[1][2] official and a military general of the late Qing Dynasty in China.
Along with other prominent figures, including Hu Linyi and Guam Wing, Ma raised the Green Standard Army to fight against the Taiping Rebellion and restore the stability of Qing Dynasty. This set the scene for the era later known as the "Tongzhi Restoration"(同治中兴). His assassination symbolized the serious conflict between the Xiang Army and Green Standard Army, both of which fought for the Qing Dynasty.
Early life
Born as a native of Heze, Shandong (荷澤) in 1821, he had successfully passed the imperial examinations at the age of 26 (1847), a prestigious achievement in China. He had earned the Jinshi degree, the highest level in the civil service examinations, which led to his appointment to the Hanlin Academy, a body of outstanding Chinese literary scholars who performed literary tasks for the imperial court.
Entry into imperial politics
![]() | This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (July 2010) |
Fame and military campaigns
![]() | This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (July 2010) |
Assassination
He was later appointed Viceroy of Liangjiang (the provinces of Jiangxi, Anhui, and Jiangsu: 两江总督) in 1868. In 1870, Ma Xinyi was assassinated and his killer never caught. Many historical rumours implicate the Empress Dowager Cixi.
References
- ^ Hosea Ballou Morse (1918). The International Relations of the Chinese Empire. Longmans, Green, and Company. pp. 249–.
- ^ Hosea Ballou Morse (1966). The period of submission, 1861-1893. Wen xing shu dian. p. 249.
- Hummel, Arthur William, ed. Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period (1644–1912). 2 vols. Washington: United States Government Printing Office, 1943.
- Porter, Jonathan. Tseng Kuo-Fan's Private Bureaucracy. Berkeley: University of California, 1972.
- Wright, Mary Clabaugh. The Last Stand of Chinese Conservatism: The T'ung-Chih Restoration, 1862 -1874. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1957.
- Articles needing cleanup from January 2010
- Cleanup tagged articles without a reason field from January 2010
- Wikipedia pages needing cleanup from January 2010
- 19th-century Chinese people
- 1821 births
- 1870 deaths
- Politicians from Heze
- Hui people
- Qing dynasty politicians from Shandong
- Assassinated Chinese politicians
- Qing dynasty generals
- People murdered in China
- Chinese Muslims
- Political office-holders in Jiangsu
- Generals from Shandong
- Chinese military personnel stubs
- Chinese religious biography stubs
- Islamic biography stubs