Manuel Pinto da Costa
Manuel Pinto da Costa | |
|---|---|
 | |
| 1st President of São Tomé and Príncipe | |
| In office 3 September 2011 – 3 September 2016 | |
| Prime Minister | Patrice Trovoada Gabriel Costa Patrice Trovoada |
| Preceded by | Fradique de Menezes |
| Succeeded by | Evaristo Carvalho |
| In office 12 July 1975 – 4 March 1991 | |
| Prime Minister | Miguel Trovoada Celestino Rocha da Costa Daniel Daio |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Leonel Mário d'Alva (Acting) |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 5 August 1937 Água Grande, São Tomé and Príncipe |
| Political party | Social Democratic Party (1975–2011) Independent (2011–present) |
| Spouse | Maria Amelia Pinto da Costa |
| History of São Tomé and Príncipe |
|---|
 |
| Chronological |
 São Tomé and Príncipe portal |
Manuel Pinto da Costa (born 5 August 1937) is a Santoméan economist and politician who served as the first President of São Tomé and Príncipe from 1975 to 1991.[1] He again served as President from 2011 to 2016.
Life and career
Educated in East Germany, he is fluent in Portuguese and German. Until the early 1990s the MLSTP maintained extensive relations with Angola and the MPLA, with Pinto da Costa himself having enjoyed a friendly relationship with José Eduardo dos Santos, the President of Angola, extending back to when they were both young men.[2]
In 1991, the legalisation of opposition political parties led to the country's first election under a democratic system. Pinto da Costa did not contest the election and instead announced he would retire from politics. The MLSTP did not present an alternative candidate and Miguel Trovoada was elected unopposed. Despite his previous declaration, Pinto da Costa returned to contest elections in 1996, but was narrowly defeated, taking 47.26% of the vote, by Trovoada. In 2001, he ran against incumbent president Fradique de Menezes, who won a majority in the first round.[3][4]
Pinto da Costa was elected leader of the MLSTP in May 1998. He resigned from the party in February 2005 and Guilherme Posser da Costa was elected to succeed him.[5]
In the July 2011 presidential election, he ran as an independent. He won the most votes in the first round but failed to receive the required majority. In a run-off round on 7 August, he defeated rival Evaristo Carvalho from the ruling party Independent Democratic Action (Template:Lang-pt, ADI), taking 53% of the votes.[6] During the campaign, he focused on the need for political stability and promised to tackle widespread corruption.[7] His bid was given the backing of most of the other major candidates, including former Prime Minister Maria das Neves, who claimed "Pinto da Costa's plan could bring more hope to our country".[8] Some analysts, however, raised concerns that the former president's victory might trigger a return to the authoritarian rule seen during his previous period in power.[9] He took office on 3 September 2011.
References
- ^ "Official website". Retrieved 8 August 2011.
- ^ John Ghazvinian. Untapped: The Scramble for Africa's Oil. Orlando: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. 2007. pp. 231–232.
- ^ Veiga, Abel. "Sao Tome presidential vote set for run-off". Google News. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
- ^ Elections in São Tomé and Príncipe, African Elections Database.
- ^ "Election de maréchal pour Guilherme Posser da Costa", AfriqueCentrale.info, 27 February 2006.
- ^ Agence France-Presse (8 August 2011). "Manuel Pinto da Costa eleito Presidente de São Tomé". Público (in Portuguese). Retrieved 7 August 2011.
- ^ Staff writers (8 August 2011). "Sao Tome independence leader Pinto da Costa wins poll". BBC News. Retrieved 7 August 2011.
- ^ Veiga, Abel. "Former Sao Tome leader poised to retake power". Google News. Agence France-Presse. Retrieved 8 August 2011.
- ^ Felix, Bate; Neto, Ricardo (8 August 2011). "Sao Tome's Pinto da Costa wins presidential runoff". Reuters. Retrieved 8 August 2011.
