Max von Gallwitz
Max von Gallwitz | |
|---|---|
 Gallwitz in 1915 | |
| Born | May 2, 1852 Breslau, Province of Silesia, Kingdom of Prussia now Wrocław, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland |
| Died | April 18, 1937 (aged 84) Naples, Campania, Kingdom of Italy |
| Allegiance |  German Empire |
| Service/ | Army |
| Years of service | 1870-1918 |
| Rank | General |
| Commands held | Twelfth Army 1915 |
| Battles/wars | World War I |
Max Karl Wilhelm von Gallwitz (2 May 1852 – 18 April 1937) was a German general from Breslau (Wrocław), Silesia, who served with distinction during World War I on both the Eastern and Western Fronts.[1][2]
Biography
Gallwitz began the war as a corps commander (Guards Reserve Corps) on the Western Front, but was almost immediately transferred east to join the Eighth Army under Hindenburg.[1] In 1915 he took command of Armee-Gruppe Gallwitz[3] (later redesignated Twelfth Army) and participated in the Galicia offensive alongside Mackensen, who commanded the Eleventh Army.[4] Towards the end of 1915 he succeeded Mackensen as commander of the Eleventh Army, as the latter campaigned against Serbia. In 1916 Gallwitz moved back to the Western Front and defended against the British attack in the Battle of the Somme. He took over command of 2nd Army and of Heeresgruppe Gallwitz - Somme[5] controlling 1st and 2nd Armies. From 1916-18 he commanded the Fifth Army in the west, most notably engaging the Americans during the Battle of Saint-Mihiel.
Following his retirement from the army, Gallwitz served as a deputy in the Reichstag (1920–24) for the German National People's Party.[4]
Awards and decorations
- Pour le Mérite (24 July 1915), Oak Leaves added on 28 September 1915
- Grand Cross of the Order of the Red Eagle
- Order of the Black Eagle (23 December 1917)
References
- Notes
- ^ a b Duffy, Michael (2009-08-22), Who's Who - Max von Gallwitz, firstworldwar.com
- ^ Duffy, Michael (2009-08-22), Primary Documents - Max von Gallwitz on the Battle of St Mihiel, 12 September 1918, firstworldwar.com
- ^ Armee-Gruppe or Army Group in the sense of a group within an Army and under its command, generally formed as a temporary measure for a specific task.
- ^ a b Rickard, J. (2007-10-03), Max von Gallwitz, German General, 1852-1937
- ^ Heeresgruppe or Army Group in the sense of a number of armies under a single commander.
- Bibliography (biography)
- Jung, Jakob (1995). Max von Gallwitz (1852-1937) (in German). Biblio. p. 292. ISBN 978-3-7648-2435-8.
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- 1852 births
- 1937 deaths
- People from Wrocław
- People from the Province of Silesia
- German military personnel of the Franco-Prussian War
- German untitled nobility
- German politicians
- German military personnel of World War I
- Prussian generals
- German monarchists
- Members of the Reichstag of the Weimar Republic
- Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (military class)
- Grand Crosses of the Order of the Red Eagle
- Recipients of the Order of the Black Eagle
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