View source for Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15

{{short description|Soviet fighter aircraft}}
{{Pp-pc}}{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2019}}
<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->{{Infobox aircraft
 |name= MiG-15
 |image= Duxford Air Festival 2017 - mig1 (34842016051).jpg
 |caption= A [[Soviet Air Forces]] MiG-15UTI two-seater trainer over [[Imperial War Museum Duxford|Duxford Air Festival]] 2017
 |type= [[Fighter aircraft]]
 |national_origin= Soviet Union
 |manufacturer= [[Mikoyan|Mikoyan-Gurevich]]
 |first_flight= 30 December 1947
 |introduction= 1949
 |status= In limited service with the Korean People's Army Air Force
 |retired=
 |primary_user= [[Soviet Air Forces]] (historical)
 |more_users= {{plainlist|
*[[People's Liberation Army Air Force]] (historical)
*[[Korean People's Army Air Force]]
}}
 |produced=
 |number_built= 13,130 in the USSR + at least 4,180 under license
 |unit cost={{currency|214000|USD}} (export price to [[Iraq]], 1958-1971)<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Efrat|first=Moshe|date=1983|title=The Economics of Soviet Arms Transfers to the Third World. A Case Study: Egypt|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/151253|journal=Soviet Studies|volume=35|issue=4|pages=437–456|doi=10.1080/09668138308411496|jstor=151253|issn=0038-5859|access-date=2 January 2021|archive-date=12 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112023629/https://www.jstor.org/stable/151253|url-status=live}}</ref>
 |developed_from=
 |variants=
 |developed_into= [[Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17]]
}}

The '''Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15''' ({{langx|ru|Микоян-Гуревич МиГ-15}}; [[USAF/DoD reporting names|USAF/DoD designation]]: '''Type 14'''; [[NATO reporting name]]: '''Fagot''') is a [[jet aircraft|jet]] [[fighter aircraft]] developed by [[Mikoyan|Mikoyan-Gurevich]] for the [[Soviet Union]]. The MiG-15 was one of the first successful jet fighters to incorporate [[swept wing]]s to achieve high [[transonic]] speeds. In [[aerial combat]] during the [[Korean War]], it outclassed straight-winged jet [[day fighter]]s, which were largely relegated to ground-attack roles. In response to the MiG-15's appearance and in order to counter it, the [[United States Air Force]] rushed the [[North American F-86 Sabre]] to Korea.<ref name="Sabre: The F-86 in Korea">Thompson, Warren. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090221174427/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3897/is_200212/ai_n9149844 "Sabre: The F-86 in Korea."] ''Flight Journal'', December 2002. Retrieved: 30 June 2011.</ref>

When refined into the more advanced [[Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17|MiG-17]], the basic design would again surprise the West when it proved effective against supersonic fighters such as the [[Republic F-105 Thunderchief]] and [[McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II]] in the [[Vietnam War]] of the 1960s.

The MiG-15 is believed to have been one of [[List of most-produced aircraft|the most produced jet aircraft]] with more than 13,000 manufactured.<ref>{{citation |url=http://www.nasm.si.edu/collections/artifact.cfm?id=A19860066000 |title=Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 (Ji-2) Fagot B. |work=Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151220195312/http://airandspace.si.edu/collections/artifact.cfm?id=A19860066000 |archive-date=20 December 2015 |url-status=dead  }}</ref> The MiG-15 remains in service with the [[Korean People's Army Air Force]] as an advanced trainer.
{{TOC limit}}

==Design and development==
[[File:MiG-15 RB2.jpg|thumb|Front view of a MiG-15]]
[[File:Mig-15 UTI Trainer.jpg|thumb|MiG-15 UTI Trainer version, Chino Planes of Fame Air Museum]]

The first turbojet [[fighter aircraft|fighter]] developed by Mikoyan-Gurevich OKB was the [[Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-9]], which appeared in the years immediately after [[World War II]]. It used a pair of [[Reverse engineering|reverse-engineered]] German [[BMW 003]] engines.{{sfn|Belyakov|Marmain|1994|pp=81, 88}} The MiG-9 was a troublesome design that suffered from weak, unreliable engines and control problems. Categorized as a [[first-generation jet fighter]], it was designed with the straight-style wings common to piston-engined fighters.

In 1946 Soviet engine technology was far behind the West's.<ref name="taylor20230722">{{Cite news |last=Taylor |first=Steven |date=2023-07-22 |title=Why Attlee's decision to send Rolls Royce jet engines to Stalin caused outrage in Washington |language=en-GB |work=The Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2023/07/22/attlee-ignored-warnings-send-stalin-rolls-royce-engines/ |access-date=2023-11-25 |issn=0307-1235 |archive-date=25 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231125051650/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2023/07/22/attlee-ignored-warnings-send-stalin-rolls-royce-engines/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The Germans had been unable to develop airworthy turbojets with thrust over {{convert|1130|kgf}} capable of running for more than a few hours at the time of the surrender in May 1945, which limited the performance of immediate Soviet postwar jet aircraft designs. The Soviet aviation minister [[Mikhail Khrunichev]] and aircraft designer [[Alexander Sergeyevich Yakovlev|A. S. Yakovlev]] suggested to Premier [[Joseph Stalin]] that the USSR buy the reliable, fully developed, [[Rolls-Royce Nene]] (having been alerted to the fact that the UK Labour government wanted to improve post-war UK-Russia foreign relations) for the purpose of copying them in a minimum of time. Stalin is said to have replied, "What fool will sell us his secrets?"{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=3}}

However, he gave his consent to the proposal and Mikoyan, engine designer {{ill|Vladimir Yakovlevich Klimov|ru|Климов, Владимир Яковлевич}}, and others travelled to the United Kingdom to request the engines. To Stalin's amazement, the British Labour government and its Minister of Trade, Sir [[Stafford Cripps]], were perfectly willing to provide technical information and a license to manufacture the Rolls-Royce Nene. Sample engines were purchased and delivered with blueprints. Following evaluation and adaptation to Russian conditions, the windfall technology was tooled for mass-production as the [[Klimov RD-45]] to be incorporated into the MiG-15.{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=4}}{{r|taylor20230722}}

To take advantage of the new engine, the [[Sovnarkom|Council of Ministers]] ordered the Mikoyan-Gurevich OKB to build two prototypes for an advanced high-altitude daytime interceptor to defend against bombers. It was to have a top speed of {{convert|1000|km/h}} and a range of {{convert |1200|km}}.<ref>[http://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=124 "MiG-15."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150316033851/http://militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=124 |date=16 March 2015 }} ''Military Factory.'' Retrieved: 11 July 2012.</ref>

Designers at MiG's OKB-155 started with the earlier MiG-9 jet fighter. The new fighter used Klimov's British-derived engines, [[swept wing]]s, and a tailpipe going all the way back to a swept tail. The German [[Messerschmitt Me 262|Me 262]] was the first fighter fitted with an 18.5° wing sweep, but it was introduced merely to adjust the center of gravity of its heavy [[Junkers Jumo 004]] pioneering axial-compressor turbojet engines. Further experience and research during World War II later established that swept wings would give better performance at [[transonic]] speeds. At the end of World War II, the Soviets seized many of the assets of Germany's aircraft industry. The MiG team studied these plans, prototypes and documents, particularly swept-wing research and designs, even going so far as to produce a flying testbed in 1945 to investigate swept-wing design concepts as the [[pusher configuration|piston-engined "pusher"]]-layout, [[Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-8|MiG-8 ''Utka'']] (Russian for "duck", from its tail-first [[Canard (aeronautics)|canard]] design). The swept wing later proved to have a decisive performance advantage over straight-winged jet fighters when it was introduced into combat over Korea.

The design that emerged had a mid-mounted 35° swept wing with a slight anhedral and a tailplane mounted up on the swept tail. Western analysts noted that it strongly resembled [[Kurt Tank]]'s [[Focke-Wulf Ta 183]], a later design than the Me 262 that never progressed beyond the design stage.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210818072413/https://www.tiempososcuros.com/focke-wulf-ta-183/ tiempososcuros.com]</ref>  While the majority of Focke-Wulf engineers (in particular, [[Hans Multhopp]], who led the Ta 183 development team) were captured by Western armies, the Soviets did capture plans and wind-tunnel models for the Ta 183.<ref name="planecrazy">[http://www.plane-crazy.net/links/mig15.htm The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15] {{Webarchive|url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171020154857/http://www.plane-crazy.net/links/mig15.htm |date=20 October 2017 }}.  Plane-crazy.</ref>{{better source needed|date=July 2016}}  The MiG-15 does bear a resemblance in layout, sharing the high tailplane and nose-mounted intake, although the aircraft are different in structure, details, and proportions. The MiG-15's design understandably shared features and some appearance commonalities with the MiG design bureau's [[Mikoyan-Gurevich I-270|own 1945–46 attempt at a Soviet-built version]] of the [[Messerschmitt Me 263]] rocket fighter in the appearance of its fuselage. The new MiG retained the previous straight-winged MiG-9's wing and tailplane placement while the F-86 employed a more conventional low-winged design. To prevent confusion during the height of combat the US painted their aircraft with bright stripes to distinguish them.<ref>Fitzsimons 1985, p. 11.</ref>

[[File:Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 on the grounds of the EAA Aviation Museum, Oshkosh, Wisconsin, US julesvernex2.jpg|thumb|Split forward air intake]]
The resulting prototypes were designated '''I-310'''.{{sfn|Belyakov|Marmain|1994|pp=112, 114}} The I-310 was a [[swept-wing]] fighter with 35° sweep in wings and tail, with two [[wing fence]]s fitted to each wing to improve airflow over the wing. The design used a single Rolls-Royce Nene fed by a split-forward air intake. A duct carried intake air around the cockpit area and back together ahead of the engine.{{sfn|Belyakov|Marmain|1994|pp=112, 114}}<ref name="Gunston Russian p188">Gunston 1995, p. 188.</ref> Its first flight was 30 December 1947,<ref name="Gunston Russian p189">Gunston 1995, p. 189.</ref> some two months after the American F-86 Sabre had first flown. It demonstrated exceptional performance, reaching {{convert|1042|km/h}} at {{convert|3,000|m}}.{{sfn|Belyakov|Marmain|1994|p=120}}

The Soviet Union's first swept-wing jet fighter had been the underpowered [[Lavochkin La-160]], which was otherwise more similar to the MiG-9. The [[Lavochkin La-168]], which reached production as the [[Lavochkin La-15]], used the same engine as the MiG but used a shoulder-mounted wing and t-tail; it was the main competitive design. Eventually, the MiG design was favoured for mass production. Designated '''MiG-15''', the first production example flew on 31 December 1948. It entered [[Soviet Air Force]] service in 1949 and subsequently received the [[NATO reporting name]] "Fagot". Early production examples had a tendency to roll to the left or to the right due to manufacturing variances, so aerodynamic trimmers called ''nozhi'' (knives) were fitted to correct the problem, the knives being adjusted by ground crews until the aircraft flew correctly.{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=12}}

The MiG-15 was originally intended to intercept American bombers like the [[B-29]]. It was even evaluated in mock air-to-air combat trials with a captured US B-29, as well as the later Soviet B-29 copy, the [[Tupolev Tu-4]]. To ensure the destruction of such large bombers, the MiG-15 carried [[autocannon]]s: two {{cvt|23|mm|in|abbr=on}} with 80 rounds per gun and a single {{cvt|37|mm|in|2|abbr=on}} with 40 rounds. These weapons provided tremendous punch in the interceptor role, but their limited rate of fire and relatively low velocity made it more difficult to score hits against small and manoeuvrable enemy jet fighters in air-to-air combat. The 23&nbsp;mm and 37&nbsp;mm also had radically different [[ballistics]], and some [[United Nations]] (UN) pilots in Korea had the unnerving experience of 23&nbsp;mm shells passing over them while the 37&nbsp;mm shells flew under. The cannon were fitted into a simple pack that could be winched out of the bottom of the nose for servicing and reloading, allowing pre-prepared packs to be rapidly swapped out.{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=8}} Despite the shortcomings of its armament, the MiG-15's simplicity, ruggedness, and particularly the absence of fuel tanks in its wings made it a formidable air-to-air adversary; its airframe has relatively few vulnerable areas, and shooting one down using the relatively fast-firing but less potent [[M2 Browning]] machine guns common in American aircraft almost invariably required multiple hits.{{sfn|Werrell|2005|p=20}}

An improved variant, the '''MiG-15''bis''''' ("second"), entered service in early 1950 with a [[Klimov VK-1]] engine, another version of the Nene with improved metallurgy over the RD-45, plus minor improvements and upgrades.<ref>Yefim Gordon</ref> Visible differences were a headlight in the air intake separator and horizontal upper edge airbrakes. The 23&nbsp;mm cannon were placed more closely together in their undercarriage. Some "bis" aircraft also adopted under-wing hardpoints for unguided rocket launchers or {{convert|50|–|250|kg|abbr=on}} bombs. Fighter-bomber modifications were dubbed "IB", "SD-21", and "SD-5". About 150 aircraft were upgraded to SD-21 specification during 1953–1954.

The MiG-15 arguably had sufficient power to dive at supersonic speeds, but the lack of an [[stabilator|"all-flying" tail]] greatly diminished the pilot's ability to control the aircraft as it approached [[Mach number|Mach]] 1. As a result, pilots had to take care not to exceed Mach 0.92, where the flight surfaces became ineffective.<ref name=Joiner>{{cite magazine |last=Joiner |first=Stephen |date=December 2013 – January 2014 |title= MiG! |magazine=Air & Space |publisher=Smithsonian Institution |page=45}}</ref> The instrument panel had a red warning light that would illuminate when this speed was reached, and during post-Korean War flight tests, American test pilots found that the aircraft would buffet heavily above Mach 0.92 and would pitch up at Mach 0.95. During a high-altitude, full-power dive to determine if the MiG-15 could exceed Mach 1, [[Chuck Yeager]] reached Mach 0.98, but the MiG would go no faster, and he lost roll control and did not begin to regain it until flying into denser air at {{cvt|12,000|ft|m|abbr=on}} of altitude; he had descended to {{cvt|3,000|ft|m|abbr=on}} by the time he fully regained control and recovered from the dive.{{sfn|Werrell|2005|p=99}}

Additionally, the MiG-15 tended to [[Spin (aerodynamics)|spin]] after it [[Stall (fluid dynamics)|stalled]], and often the pilot could not recover.<ref name=Joiner/> According to American test pilots, this behavior was exacerbated by the lack of a noticeable stall warning.{{sfn|Werrell|2005|p=98}} The MiG's proclivity towards sudden spins was deduced by UN pilots before the US was able to test one; during the Korean War, there were 56 recorded instances of UN pilots witnessing a MiG-15 entering a spin in combat, resulting in at least 25 crashes and ten ejections.{{sfn|Werrell|2005|p=140}}

==Operational history==
===Chinese Civil War===
The large-scale introduction of the MiG-15 occurred during the last phases of the [[Chinese Civil War]].  During the first months of 1950, aircraft of the Nationalist [[Republic of China Air Force|ROCAF]], operating from bases in [[Taiwan]], attacked [[People's Republic of China|mainland China]], including [[Shanghai]]. [[Mao Zedong]] requested assistance with air defense from the USSR.

In February 1950, the [[50th Fighter Aviation Division]] (''50 IAD'') of the [[Soviet Air Defence Forces]], equipped with the MiG-15bis, was deployed to southern China, to support the [[People's Liberation Army Air Force]] (PLAAF) and begin training Chinese pilots in the MiG-15. In April 1950, MiG-15s flown by Soviet pilots began operating over Shanghai, thwarting the Nationalist bombing campaign. On 28 April 1950, a [[Captain (land)|Captain]] Kalinikov shot down a ROCAF [[P-38]], in the first aerial victory for a MiG-15 pilot. Another followed on 11 May, when Captain Ilya Ivanovich Schinkarenko downed a [[B-24 Liberator]] flown by Li Chao Hua, commander of the 8th Air Group, ROCAF.{{citation needed|date=April 2013}}

=== Soviet MiG-15s in the Korean War ===
{{more citations needed section|date=June 2017}}
[[File:MiG-15 USAF.jpg|thumb|[[No Kum-sok]]'s MiG-15 on display at the [[National Museum of the United States Air Force]].]]

==== Overview and background ====

For many years, the Soviet Union actively denied that its pilots flew in Korea during the Korean War; only China and North Korea took responsibility for Korean War operations. After the end of the [[Cold War]], Soviet pilots who participated in the conflict began to reveal their roles.{{sfn|Zaloga|1991|p=74}} Books by Chinese, Russian and ex-Soviet authors, such as Zhang Xiaoming, Leonid Krylov, Yuriy Tepsurkaev and Igor Seydov revealed details of the actual pilots and operations. From the beginning, Soviet pilots were ordered to avoid flying over areas in which they might be captured. Soviet aircraft were adorned with North Korean or Chinese markings and even the pilots inside the aircraft wore either North Korean uniforms or civilian clothes to disguise their nationality. For radio communication, they were given cards with common Korean words for various flying terms spelled out phonetically in [[Cyrillic]] letters.{{sfn|Zaloga|1991|p=76}} These subterfuges did not long survive the stresses of air-to-air combat, however. Pilots often inadvertently reverted to their native language. UN forces widely suspected the participation of Soviet aircrews, and intercepted radio traffic appeared to include combat pilots speaking Russian. In addition, USAF pilots claimed to have recognized techniques and tactics used by Soviet pilots, whom they referred to as "{{wikt-lang|en|honcho|honchos}}".<ref name="acepilots"/>

When the Korean War broke out on 25 June 1950, the North [[Korean People's Air Force]] (KPAF) was equipped with World War II-vintage Soviet propeller-driven fighters, including 93 [[Ilyushin Il-10|Il-10]]s and 79 [[Yak-9#Variants|Yak-9P]]s,<ref>[http://www.historic-battles.com/HBforum/index.php?topic=1799.0 "Historic Battles."]{{dead link|date=June 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ''historic-battles.com.'' Retrieved: 12 September 2010.</ref> and "40–50 assorted transport/liaison/trainer aircraft".<ref name="nokoreaairforce">[http://www.korean-war.com/nokoreaairforce.html "Korean Air Force."] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090408021413/http://www.korean-war.com/nokoreaairforce.html |date=8 April 2009 }} ''korean-war.com.'' Retrieved: 12 September 2010.</ref> Propeller-driven, single-engine fighters were also numerically dominant amongst the air forces that would come under [[United Nations Command]] (UNC) – such as the [[North American P-51 Mustang]], [[Vought F4U Corsair]] and [[Hawker Sea Fury]]. Initially, the numerical and technical superiority of UNC fighter units gave them air supremacy, and laid North Korean targets bare to the destructive power of [[United States Air Force]] (USAF) [[Boeing B-29]] heavy bombers.

During 1950, the [[Kremlin]] agreed to supply China and North Korea with MiG-15s, as well as train their pilots. The 50th Fighter Aviation Division (50 IAD), equipped with the MiG-15, was already based near Shanghai, as it had taken part in the Chinese Civil War (see previous section). A detachment from the 50 IAD was moved to Antung, next to the border with North Korea in August 1950. They formed the 29th Guards Fighter Regiment (29 GvIAP). When China entered the war in support of North Korea, the Soviets agreed to provide 16 operational air regiments of MiG-15s, including combat pilots. In the meantime, more MiG-15 pilots were recruited; the squadrons earmarked for Korea were drawn from elite units. The pilots had to be younger than 27, and priority was given to World War II veterans. The first large Soviet aviation unit sent to Korea, the 324th IAD, was an air defense interceptor division commanded by Colonel [[Ivan Kozhedub]], who, with 62 victories, was the top Allied (and Soviet) ace of World War II. In November 1950, the 151st and 28th IADs plus the veteran 50th IAD were reorganized into the [[64th Fighter Aviation Corps]] (64 IAK).

[[File:MiG Alley Map (en).svg|thumb|upright=1.5|Map showing the general location of "[[MiG Alley]]".]]
Initially, the Soviet fighters operated close to their bases, limited by the range of their aircraft, and were guided to the air battlefield by good ground control, which directed them to the most advantageous positions. For political, security and logistical reasons, they were not allowed to cross an imaginary line drawn from [[Wonsan]] to [[Pyongyang]], and never to fly over the sea. The MiG-15s always operated in pairs, with an attacking leader covered by a wingman. The northwestern portion of North Korea where the [[Yalu River]] empties into the [[Yellow Sea]] was dubbed "[[MiG Alley]]" and became the site of numerous [[dogfight]]s.

MiG-15 pilots also proved very effective in the specific role for which the type was originally designed: intercepting formations of B-29s.
At the tactical level, large formations of MiGs would wait on the Chinese side of the border. When UN aircraft entered MiG Alley, the MiGs would swoop down from high altitude to attack. If they ran into trouble, they would try to escape back over the border into China. Soviet MiG-15 squadrons operated in big groups, but the basic formation was a six-aircraft group, divided into three pairs, each composed of a leader and a wingman:
* The first pair of MiG-15s attacked the enemy Sabres.
* The second pair protected the first pair.
* The third pair remained above, supporting the two other pairs when needed. This pair had more freedom and could also attack targets of opportunity, such as lone Sabres that had lost their wingmen.

After the MiG-15 entered the war, it was shown to be clearly superior to the best straight-wing jets operated by other countries, including the [[Gloster Meteor]], [[Lockheed F-80]], [[Republic F-84]] and [[F9F Panther|Grumman F9F]]. In most measures of performance, the [[North American F-86 Sabre]] – which was also a swept-wing design – was the only close contemporary that could match the MiG-15.

The USAF has claimed that the F-86 had the advantage in combat kills over Korea between 1950 and 1953. It has been acknowledged that many individual Soviet pilots had larger individual tallies than their UN counterparts, due to a number of factors, although the aggregated claims made by Soviet pilots were probably overstated.<ref name="acepilots">Zampini, Diego. [http://www.acepilots.com/russian/rus_aces.html "Russian [sic-Soviet&#93; Aces over Korea Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 Fagot pilots".] ''Acepilots.com'', 2008. Retrieved: 10 March 2009. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090123035544/http://acepilots.com/russian/rus_aces.html |date=23 January 2009 }}</ref>
According to Soviet/Russian sources, 335 Soviet-piloted MiG-15s were lost in Korea to all causes, including accidents, AA fire and ground attacks.<ref>Igor Seidov and Stuart Britton. Red Devils over the Yalu: A Chronicle of Soviet Aerial Operations in the Korean War 1950–53 (Helion Studies in Military History).  Helion and Company 2014. {{ISBN|978-1909384415}}. p. 554.</ref> Chinese sources claim that 224 Chinese-piloted MiG-15s were lost over Korea.<ref name="Zhang, Xiaoming 2002">Zhang, Xiaoming. Red Wings over the Yalu: China, the Soviet Union, and the Air War in Korea (Texas A&M University Military History Series). College Station: Texas A&M University, 2002. {{ISBN|978-1-58544-201-0}}.</ref> North Korean losses are not known, but according to North Korean defectors, their air force lost around 100 MiG-15s during the war.<ref>Kum-Suk No and J. Roger Osterholm. A MiG-15 to Freedom: Memoir of the Wartime North Korean Defector who First Delivered the Secret Fighter Jet to the Americans in 1953. McFarland, 2007.</ref> Thus, around 659 MiG-15s are admitted as being lost.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dpaa.mil/portals/85/Documents/KoreaAccounting/korwald_all.pdf|title=Korean War Air Loss Database (KORWALD)|access-date=21 March 2016|archive-date=17 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190617054359/https://www.dpaa.mil/portals/85/Documents/KoreaAccounting/korwald_all.pdf|url-status=dead}} {{ISBN|978-0786431069}}. p.9 142.</ref> While an overwhelming majority of the losses to UN fighters involved F-86 pilots, several MiG-15s were lost in, or immediately after, combat with each of several other UN fighters: F-80s, F-84s, F9Fs, Gloster Meteors and even propeller-driven F4Us and Sea Furies.

The Soviet [[64th Fighter Aviation Corps]] (64 IAK), which controlled all Soviet-piloted aircraft in the Korean War, claimed 1,106 aircraft shot down by MiG-15s. The records of USAF units confirm 139 US aircraft were shot down by MiGs, with another 68 lost due to unknown causes, 237 aircraft listed as missing due to unknown causes, and 472 aircraft classified as "other losses".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.alternatewars.com/BBOW/Stats/USAF_Losses_Korea.htm|title=USAF Losses in Korea|access-date=6 March 2020|archive-date=18 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221118114017/https://www.alternatewars.com/BBOW/Stats/USAF_Losses_Korea.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> Data-matching with Soviet records suggests that US pilots routinely attributed their own combat losses to "landing accidents" and "other losses".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.acig.org/artman/publish/article_315.shtml|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130604071241/http://www.acig.org/artman/publish/article_315.shtml|archive-date = 4 June 2013|title = Welcome to the Air Combat Information Group}}</ref>

==== November 1950 to January 1952 ====

On 1 November 1950, the 50th IAD joined the war with its MiG-15s – their noses painted red and in North Korean markings. That day, eight MiG-15s intercepted about 15 USAF F-51D Mustangs, and [[First Lieutenant]] Fyodor V. Chizh shot down Aaron Abercombrie, killing the American pilot. The first-ever jet-versus-jet combat occurred that same day when three MiG-15s from the 50th IAD intercepted ten F-80 Shooting Stars. The F-80C piloted by 1st Lt Frank Van Sickle USAF was shot down by 1st Lt Semyon Fyodorovich Khominich, and Van Sickle was killed.<ref name="PW">{{cite web|url=https://pacificwrecks.com/date/1950/11-50.html|title=November 1950 {{!}} Korean War|work=Pacific Wrecks|date=29 March 2015|access-date=11 February 2022|archive-date=14 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220214234445/https://pacificwrecks.com/date/1950/11-50.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>MiG Alley: The US Air Force in Korea, 1950–53. McKelvey Cleaver, Thomas p. 119</ref> However, the USAF falsely attributed the loss to North Korean [[Anti-aircraft warfare|AA]] artillery.<ref name="KORWALD">Krylov, Leonid and Tepsurkaev, Yuriy. [https://web.archive.org/web/20020502095946/http://www.dtic.mil/dpmo/pmkor/korwald_date.htm ''Soviet MiG-15 Aces of the Korean War", Chapter 1''.] ''Korean War Resources (KORWALD).'' Retrieved: 11 March 2009.</ref><ref name="PW" />

However, on 9 November, the Soviet MiG-15 pilots suffered their first loss when [[Lieutenant Commander]] William T. Amen off the aircraft carrier {{USS|Philippine Sea|CV-47|6}} shot down and killed Captain Mikhail F. Grachev while flying a [[Grumman F9F Panther]].<ref name="Krylov and Tepsurkaev Combat">Krylov and Tepsurkaev 2009</ref>

To counter the MiG-15, three squadrons of the F-86 Sabre, America's only operational jet with swept wings, were quickly rushed to Korea in December.<ref name="Sabre: The F-86 in Korea"/> On 17 December, Lt Col. Bruce H. Hinton forced Maj. Yakov Nikanorovich Yefromeyenko to eject from his burning MiG.<ref name="KORWALD"/> Five days later, Capt. [[Nikolay Yefremovich Vorobyov]]<ref>Common misspelling in the English-language sources is Voro'''v'''yov, but the correct spelling is Voro'''b'''yov, as confirmed, e.g. here: {{cite web |url=http://soviet-aces-1936-53.ru/korea/index.html |title=Soviet Aces of the Korean War 1950–1953 (in Russian: Советские асы Корейской войны 1950–1953 гг.) |access-date=2013-07-10 |archive-date=19 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140119105216/http://soviet-aces-1936-53.ru/korea/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> shot down the F-86A of Captain Lawrence V. Bach in his MiG-15bis.<ref name="KORWALD"/> Both sides exaggerated their claims of aerial victories that month. Sabre fliers claimed eight MiGs, and the Soviets 12 F-86s; the actual losses were three MiGs and at least four Sabres.

The British [[Chief of the Air Staff (United Kingdom)|Chief of the Air Staff]], Air Chief Marshal Sir [[John Slessor]], commented: "not only is it faster than anything we are building today, but it is already being produced in very large numbers [...] The Russians, therefore, have achieved a four year lead over British development in respect of the vitally important interceptor fighter".<ref name="aldrich199807">{{cite journal | title=British Intelligence and the Anglo-American 'Special Relationship' during the Cold War | author=Aldrich, Richard J. | journal=Review of International Studies |date=July 1998 | volume=24 | issue=3 | pages=331–351 | jstor=20097530 | doi=10.1017/s0260210598003313| s2cid=146376661 }}</ref>

At the end of 1950, the Soviet Union assigned a new unit to support China, the 324th IAD (made up of two regiments: the 176th GIAP and 196th IAP). At that time, a MiG-15 interceptor regiment had 35 to 40 aircraft, and a division was usually composed of three regiments. When the new unit arrived at air bases along the Yalu River in March 1951, it had undergone preliminary training at Soviet bases in the neighboring Maritime Military Districts and started an intense period of air-to-air training in the MiG-15. The Soviets trained alongside Chinese and Korean pilots. Both regiments of the 324th IAD redeployed to the forward airbase in Antung and entered combat in early April 1951. The 303rd IAD of General Georgiy A. Lobov arrived in Korea in June of that same year and commenced combat operations in August.
[[File:MiG-15s curving to attack B-29s over Korea c1951.jpg|thumb|Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 fighters curving in to attack US Air Force Boeing B-29 Superfortress bombers over Korea, c. 1951]]
[[File:B-29-44-61813-shotdown.jpg|thumb|A [[Boeing B-29 Superfortress variants#RB-29J (RB-29, FB-29J, F-13, F-13A)|photo-reconnaissance B-29]] that crash-landed at [[Iruma Air Base]], Japan after being severely damaged by MiG-15 fighters over the [[Yalu River]]; the B-29's tail gunner shot down one of the attackers (9 November 1950)<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.rb-29.net/html/29wfw.htm | title=William F. (Bill) Welch – 31st and 91st SRS Recollections | publisher=rb-29.net | access-date=18 May 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160622040317/http://www.rb-29.net/HTML/29wfw.htm | archive-date=22 June 2016 | url-status=dead }}</ref>]]

Soviet MiG pilots were trained to attack enemy formations in coordinated attacks from different directions, using both height and high speed to their advantage. The first encounters established the main features of the aerial battles of the next two and a half years. The MiG-15 and MiG-15bis had a higher [[Ceiling (aeronautics)|ceiling]] than all versions of the Sabre – {{convert|15500|m|abbr=on}} versus {{convert|49000|ft|m|abbr=on|order=flip}} of the F-86F – and accelerated faster than F-86A/E/Fs due to their better thrust-to-weight ratio – {{convert|1005|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} versus {{convert|972|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} of the F-86F. The MiG-15's {{convert|2800|m|abbr=on}} per minute climbing rate was also greater than the {{convert|2200|m|abbr=on}} per minute of the F-86A and -E (the F-86F matched the MiG-15). A better turn radius above {{convert|10000|m|abbr=on}} further distinguished the MiG-15. The MiG was slower at low altitude – {{convert|935|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} in the MiG-15bis configuration as opposed to the {{convert|1107|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} of the F-86F. All Sabres could also turn tighter below {{convert|8000|m|abbr=on}}.<ref>Thompson and McLaren 2002, Chapter 10.</ref> Thus, if the MiG-15 forced the Sabre to fight in the vertical plane or in the horizontal one above {{convert|10000|m|abbr=on}}, it gained a significant advantage. Furthermore, a MiG-15 could easily escape from a Sabre by climbing to its ceiling, knowing that the F-86 could not follow. Below {{cvt|8000|m|ft}}, however, the Sabre had a slight advantage over the MiG in most aspects excluding climb rate, especially if the Soviet pilot made the mistake of fighting in the horizontal. The MiG also had more powerful weaponry – one 37&nbsp;mm [[Nudelman N-37|N-37 cannon]] and two 23&nbsp;mm [[NR-23]] cannons, versus the six 12.7&nbsp;mm (.50&nbsp;in) machine guns of the Sabre. However, the Soviet World War II-era ASP-1N gyroscopic [[gunsight]] was less sophisticated than the accurate A-1CM and A4 radar ranging sights of the F-86E and -F.

The main mission of the MiG-15 was not to dogfight the F-86 but to counter the USAF [[Boeing B-29 Superfortress]] bombers. This mission was assigned to the elite of the Soviet Air Force (VVS), in April 1951 to the 324th IAD of Colonel Ivan Kozhedub, and later to the 303rd IAD of General Georgiy A. Lobov, who arrived in Korea in June of the same year.<ref name="KORWALD"/>

On 12 April 1951, 44 MiG-15s took on a USAF formation of 48 B-29 Superfortresses escorted by 18 F-86 Sabres, 54 F-84 Thunderjets and 24 F-80 Shooting Stars heading towards the bridge linking North Korea and Red China over the Yalu River in [[Uiju]]. The experienced Soviet fliers shot down or damaged beyond repair 10 B-29As, one F-86A and three F-80Cs for the loss of only one MiG.<ref name="KORWALD"/> The Soviet air units claimed to have shot down 29 American aircraft through the rest of the month: 11 F-80s, seven B-29s and nine F-51s.<ref name="KORWALD"/> 23 out of these 29 claims match acknowledged losses, but US sources assert that most of them were either operational or due to flak, admitting only four B-29s (a downed B-29, plus two B-29s and an RB-29 that crash-landed or were damaged beyond repair). US historians agree that the MiG-15 gained aerial superiority over northwestern Korea.<ref name="KORWALD"/>

US strategic bombers returned in the week of 22–27 October to neutralize the North Korean aerodromes of Namsi, [[Taechon]] and Saamchan, taking further losses to the MiG-15. On 23 October 1951, 56 MiG-15bis intercepted nine B-29s escorted by 34 F-86s and 55 [[Republic F-84 Thunderjet|F-84Es]]. In spite of their numerical inferiority, the Soviet airmen shot down or damaged beyond repair eight B-29As and two F-84Es, losing only one MiG in return and leading Americans to call that day "Black Tuesday".<ref>Nosatov, Victor Ivanovich. [http://nvo.ng.ru/history/2007-05-25/5_thursday.html "Черный четверг" стратегической авиации США ("Black Thursday" of US strategic aviation) (in Russian).] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104120223/http://nvo.ng.ru/history/2007-05-25/5_thursday.html |date=4 January 2012 }} ''nvo.ng.ru,'' 25 May 2005. Retrieved: 11 December 2011.</ref> The most successful Soviet pilots that day were Lieutenant Colonel Aleksandr P. Smorchkov and 1st Lieutenant Dmitriy A. Samoylov. The former shot down a Superfortress on each of 22, 23 and 24 October.<ref name="KORWALD"/> Samoylov added two F-86As to his tally on 24 October 1951,<ref name="Dmitriy Samoylov">Seydov, Igor. "Dmitriy Samoylov", Mir Aviatsiya, 1–2003, pp. 30–36.</ref><ref name="Thompson and McLaren 2002 Appendix B"/> and on 27 October shot down two more aircraft: a B-29A and an F-84E.<ref name="Dmitriy Samoylov"/><ref name="dtic.mil">[https://web.archive.org/web/20020502095946/http://www.dtic.mil/dpmo/pmkor/korwald_date.htm KORWALD] Retrieved: 12 September 2010.</ref> These losses among the heavy bombers forced the [[Pacific Air Forces|Far East Air Forces]] High Command to cancel the precision daylight attacks of the B-29s and only undertake radar-directed night raids.<ref>Davis 2001, p. 91.</ref>
From November 1951 to January 1952, both sides tried to achieve air superiority over the Yalu, or at least tried to deny it to the enemy, and in consequence, the intensity of the aerial combat reached peaks not seen before between MiG-15 and F-86 pilots. During the period from November 1950 to January 1952, no fewer than 40 Soviet MiG-15 pilots were credited as [[flying aces|aces]], with five or more victories. Soviet combat records show that the first pilot to claim his fifth aerial victory was Captain Stepan Ivanovich Naumenko on 24 December 1950.<ref name="Krylov and Tepsurkaev Combat"/><ref>Krylov and Tepsurkaev 2008, Chapter 1.</ref> The honor falls to Captain [[Sergey Kramarenko (pilot)|Sergei Kramarenko]], when on 29 July 1951, he scored his actual fifth victory.<ref>Zampini, Diego. "Red Stars over North Korea". ''Flieger Revue'' Xtra 22, November 2008.</ref> Approximately 16 out of those 40 pilots actually became aces, the most successful being Major [[Nikolay Sutyagin]], credited with 22 victories, 13 of which were confirmed by the US; Colonel [[Yevgeny Pepelyaev]] with 19 claims, 15 confirmed; and Major Lev Shchukin with 17 credited, 11 verified.<ref>Zampini, Diego. "Red Stars over North Korea". ''Flieger Revue'' Xtra 22, November 2008</ref>

The MiG leaders, enjoying the advantage from the ground and the tactical advantage of an aircraft with superior altitude performance were able to dictate the tactical situation at least until the battle was started. They could decide to fight or stay out as they wished. The advantage of radar control from the ground also allowed the MiGs, if desired, to pass through the gaps in the F-86 patrol pattern.

==== January 1952 to July 1952 ====
At the end of January 1952, the 303rd IAD was replaced by the 97th (16th and 148th IAP) and in February the 324th IAD was replaced by the 190th IAD (256th, 494th and 821st IAP). These new units were poorly trained, the bulk of the pilots having only 50–60 hours flying the MiG. Consequently, those units suffered great losses from the now better-prepared American Sabre pilots. At least two Soviet fliers became aces during that period: Majors Arkadiy S. Boytsov and Vladimir N. Zabelin, with six and nine victories respectively.<ref name="na 38-oy Parallel"/>

During the six months of February to July 1952, they lost 81 MiGs, and 34 pilots were killed by F-86s, and in return, they only shot down 68 UN aircraft (including 36 F-86s). The greatest losses came on 4 July 1952, when 11 MiGs were downed by Sabres, with one pilot killed in action. Contributing to all this was the secret "Maple Special" Operation, a plan by [[Gabby Gabreski|Colonel Francis Gabreski]] to cross the Yalu River into Manchuria (something officially forbidden) and catch the MiGs unaware during their takeoffs or landings, when they were at disadvantage: flying slow, at a low level, and sometimes short of ammunition and fuel.

Even under these circumstances, MiG-15 pilots would score at least two important victories against US aces:
* 10 February 1952: Major [[George Andrew Davis, Jr.]], an ace credited with 14 victories, 10 confirmed by communist sources, was shot down and killed. The victor's identity was disputed between 1st Lieutenant [[Mikhail Akimovich Averin]] and [[Zhang Jihui]].<ref name="na 38-oy Parallel">Seydov, Igor and Askold German. "Krasnye Dyaboly na 38-oy Parallel." Moscow: EKSMO, 1998.</ref><ref>Zampini, Diego. "Red Stars over North Korea", Flieger Revue Xtra 23, December 2008</ref><ref>Dorr et al. 1995, Chapter 3.</ref><ref>Zhang 2003, pp. 167–168.</ref>
* 4 July 1952: A few seconds after shooting down 1st Lieutenant M. I. Kosynkin, future ace Captain Clifford D. Jolley was forced to eject out of his crippled F-86E after being caught by surprise by MiG-15bis pilot 1st Lieutenant Vasily Romanovich Krutkikh.<ref name="Thompson and McLaren 2002 Appendix B">Thompson and McLaren 2002, Appendix B.</ref><ref name="na 38-oy Parallel"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123161805 |title=Capt. Clifford D. Jolley |access-date=4 February 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130711052813/http://www.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123161805 |archive-date=11 July 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ejection-history.org.uk/project/Biographies/J/Jolley_Cliff_335th/Jolley_Clifford.htm|title=Jolley|work=ejection-history.org.uk|access-date=6 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924010301/http://www.ejection-history.org.uk/project/Biographies/J/Jolley_Cliff_335th/Jolley_Clifford.htm|archive-date=24 September 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==== July 1952 to July 1953 ====
In May 1952, new and better trained PVO divisions, the 133rd and 216th IADs, arrived in Korea. They would replace the 97th and 190th by July 1952, and if they could not take aerial superiority away from the now well-prepared Americans, then they certainly neutralized it between September 1952 and July 1953. In September 1952, the 32nd IAD also started combat operations. Again, the figures of victories and losses in the air are still debated by historians of the US and the former Soviet Union, but on at least three occasions, Soviet MiG-15 aces gained the upper hand against Sabre aces:
* 7 April 1953: The 10-kill ace Captain [[Harold E. Fischer]] was shot down over Manchuria shortly after causing damage to a Chinese and a Soviet MiG over [[Dapu, Chiayi|Dapu]] airbase in Manchuria. The attacker's identity was disputed between 1st Lieutenant Grigoriy Nesterovich Berelidze and Han Dechai.<ref name="Krylov Ch. 6">Krylov and Tepsurkaev 2008, Chapter 6.</ref><ref>Zhang 2003, pp. 192, 265.</ref>
* 12 April 1953: Captain [[Semyon Alekseyevich Fedorets]], a Soviet ace with eight victories, shot down the F-86E of Norman E. Green, but shortly afterward was attacked by the future top American ace of the Korean War, Captain [[Joseph C. McConnell]]. In the ensuing dogfight, they shot each other down, ejecting and being rescued safely.<ref name="na 38-oy Parallel"/>
* 20 July 1953: During a raid deep into Manchuria, and after shooting down two Chinese MiGs, Majors Thomas M. Sellers and [[Stephen L. Bettinger]] (the second an ace with five kills) tried to catch by surprise two Soviet MiG-15s that were landing in Dapu. The Soviet fliers skillfully forced the Americans to overshoot, reversed direction and shot both down: Captain [[Boris N. Siskov]] forced Bettinger to bail out and his wingman 1st Lieutenant Vladimir I. Klimov killed Major Sellers. This was Siskov's fifth victory, making him the last ace of the Korean War. Those were also the last Sabres downed by Soviet fliers in the war.<ref name="Thompson and McLaren 2002 Appendix B"/><ref name="Krylov Ch. 6"/><ref>Zampini, Diego. "Red Stars over North Korea", Flieger Revue Xtra 23, November 2008</ref>

[[File:MiG-15, Victorious Fatherland Liberation War Museum.jpg|thumb|left|MiG-15 from the Victorious Fatherland Liberation War Museum in North Korea.]]
The MiG-15 threat forced the Far East Air Forces to cancel B-29 daylight raids in favor of night radar-guided missions from November 1951 onward. Initially, this presented a threat to Communist defenses, as their only specialized night-fighting unit was equipped with the prop-driven [[Lavochkin La-11]], inadequate for the task of intercepting the B-29. Part of the regiment was re-equipped with the MiG-15bis, and another night-fighting unit joined the fray, causing American heavy bombers to suffer losses again. Between 21:50 and 22:30 on 10 June 1952, four MiG-15bis attacked B-29s over [[Sonchon]] and [[Kwaksan]]. Lieutenant Colonel Mikhail Ivanovich Studilin damaged a B-29A beyond repair, forcing it to make an emergency landing at [[Kimpo Air Base]].<ref name="KORWALD1">Seydov, Igor and German, Askold. [https://web.archive.org/web/20020502095946/http://www.dtic.mil/dpmo/pmkor/korwald_date.htm KORWALD] 1998.</ref> A few minutes later, Major Anatoly Karelin added two more Superfortresses to his tally.<ref name="KORWALD"/> Studilin and Karelin's wingmen, Major L. A. Boykovets and 1st Lieutenant Zhahmany Ihsangalyev, also damaged one B-29 each. Anatoly Karelin eventually became an ace with six kills (all B-29s at night).<ref>Krylov and Tepsurkaev 2008, Appendixes.</ref> In the aftermath of these battles, B-29 night sorties were cancelled for two months. Originally conceived to shoot down rather than escort bombers, both of America's state-of-the-art jet night fighters – the [[F-94 Starfire]] and the [[F3D Skyknight]] – were committed to protecting the Superfortresses against MiGs.

The MiG-15 was less effective in getting past the Marine Corps ground-based two-seat F3D Skyknight night fighters assigned to escort B-29s after the F-94 Starfires proved ineffective. What the squat aircraft lacked in sheer performance, it made up for with the advantage of a search radar that enabled the Skyknight to see its targets clearly, while the MiG-15's directions to find bomber formations were of little use in seeing escorting fighters. On the night of 2–3 November 1952, a Skyknight with pilot Major William Stratton and radar operator Hans Hoagland damaged the MiG-15 of Captain V. D. Vishnyak. Five days later, Oliver R. Davis and radar operator D.F. "Ding" Fessler downed a MiG-15bis; the pilot, Lieutenant Ivan P. Kovalyov, ejected safely. Skyknights claimed five MiG kills for no losses of their own,<ref name="Grossnick">Grossnick, Roy A. and William J. Armstrong. ''United States Naval Aviation, 1910–1995''. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Historical Center, 1997. {{ISBN|0-16-049124-X}}.</ref> and no B-29s escorted by them were lost to enemy fighters.<ref>Gobel, Greg. [http://www.vectorsite.net/avskykt.html "The Douglas F3D Skyknight."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090613005235/http://www.vectorsite.net/avskykt.html |date=13 June 2009 }} ''Vectorsite'', 1 August 2008. Retrieved: 2 May 2009.</ref> However, the duel was not one-sided: on the night of 16 January 1953, an F3D almost did fall to a MiG, when the Skyknight of Captain George Cross and Master Sergeant J. A. Piekutowski suffered serious damage in an attack by a Soviet MiG-15bis; with difficulty, the Skyknight returned to Kunsan Air Base.<ref>Dorr et al. 1995, p. 71.</ref> Three and a half months later, on the night of 29 May 1953, Chinese MiG-15 pilot Hou Shujun of the PLAAF shot down an F3D-2 over Anju; Sgt. James V. Harrell's remains were found on a beach during the summer of 2001 just miles from the Kunsan base. Captain James B. Brown is still missing in action.<ref name="dtic.mil"/><ref>Zhang 2002, pp. 194–195.</ref>

In a [[Royal Navy]] [[Hawker Sea Fury|Sea Fury]] flying from a light fleet carrier<ref name=unlim>[http://www.unlimitedair.com/Hawker_Sea_Fury_History.htm"Sea Fury History".] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090210040132/http://www.unlimitedair.com/Hawker_Sea_Fury_History.htm |date=10 February 2009 }} ''Unlimited Air Racing''. Retrieved: 9 March 2007.</ref> FAA pilot Lieutenant [[Peter Carmichael|Peter "Hoagy" Carmichael]] downed a MiG-15 on 8 August 1952, in air-to-air combat. The Sea Fury would be one of the few piston-engined fighter aircraft following World War II's end to shoot down a jet fighter. On 10 September 1952, Captain Jesse G. Folmar shot down a MiG-15 with an F4U Corsair but was himself downed by another MiG.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3897/is_200208/ai_n9120634/print?tag=artBody;col1|title=Flight Journal Aug 2002 Corsairs to the rescue}}</ref>

The figures given by the Soviet sources indicate that the MiG-15s of the 64th IAK (the fighter corps that included all the divisions that rotated through the conflict) made 60,450 daylight combat sorties and 2,779 night ones and engaged the enemy in 1,683 daylight aerial battles and 107 at night, claiming to have shot down 1,097 [[UN]] aircraft over Korea, including 647 F-86s, 185 F-84s, 118 F-80s, 28 F-51s, 11 F-94s, 65 B-29s, 26 Gloster Meteors and 17 aircraft of different types.<ref name="Krylov Ch. 6"/> According to US, 57 B-29s and reconnaissance variants were lost in combat during the Korean war, almost all by MiG-15s.<ref name="alternatewars.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.alternatewars.com/BBOW/Stats/USAF_Losses_Korea.htm|title=USAF Losses in Korea|website=www.alternatewars.com|access-date=6 March 2020|archive-date=18 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221118114017/https://www.alternatewars.com/BBOW/Stats/USAF_Losses_Korea.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Chinese and Korean MiG-15s during the Korean War ===
The Soviet VVS and PVO were the primary users of the MiG-15 during the war, but not the only ones; it was also used by the PLAAF and KPAF (known as the United Air Army). Despite bitter complaints from the Soviet Union, which repeatedly requested the Chinese to accelerate the introduction of MiG-15 new units, the Chinese were relatively slow in this process at the time, and by 1951 there were only two regiments flying MiG-15bis as night fighters. Being not completely trained and equipped, both units were used only for the defence of China, but they became involved in the interception of USAF reconnaissance aircraft, some of which went very deep over China.

By September 1951, with enough MiG-15s in the Yalu area, Soviet and Chinese leaders were confident enough to begin planning the deployment of Chinese and new North Korean MiG-15 regiments outside Chinese sanctuaries. Excluding a brief episode in January 1951, the PLAAF did not see action until 25 September 1951, when 16 MiG-15s engaged Sabres, with pilot Li Yongtai claiming a victory, but losing a MiG and its pilot.{{clarify|date=November 2015}}<ref>Zhang 2002, Chapter 7.</ref> The North Korean unit equipped with the MiG-15 got into action a year later, in September 1952. From then until the end of the war, the United Air Army claimed to have shot down 211 F-86s, 72 F-84s and F-80s, and 47 other aircraft of various types, losing 116 Chinese airmen and 231 aircraft: 224 MiG-15s, three La-11s and four [[Tupolev Tu-2]]s.<ref>Zhang 2002, Chapter 9.</ref> Several pilots were credited with five or more enemy aircraft, such as Zhao Baotong with seven victories, Wang Hai with nine kills, and both Kan Yon Duk and Kim Di San with five.

Based on Soviet archival data, 335 Soviet MiG-15s are known to have been admitted as lost over Korea.<ref name="Stuart Britton 2014">Igor Seidov and Stuart Britton. ''Red Devils over the Yalu: A Chronicle of Soviet Aerial Operations in the Korean War 1950–53'' (Helion Studies in Military History). Helion and Company 2014. {{ISBN|978-1909384415}}. p. 554.</ref> Chinese claims of their losses amount to 224 MiG-15s over Korea.<ref name="Zhang, Xiaoming 2002"/> North Korean losses are not known, but according to North Korean defectors their air force lost around 100 MiG-15s during the war.<ref>Kum-Suk No and J. Roger Osterholm. A MiG-15 to Freedom: Memoir of the Wartime North Korean Defector who First Delivered the Secret Fighter Jet to the Americans in 1953. McFarland, 2007. {{ISBN|978-0786431069}}. p. 142.</ref> Thus a total of 659 MiG-15s are admitted as being lost by all causes, while USAF claims of their losses amount to 78 F-86 Sabres in air-to-air combat.<ref name="dpaa.mil">{{cite web |url=http://www.dpaa.mil/portals/85/Documents/KoreaAccounting/korwald_all.pdf |title=Korean War Air Loss Database (KORWALD) |access-date=21 March 2016 |archive-date=17 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190617054359/https://www.dpaa.mil/portals/85/Documents/KoreaAccounting/korwald_all.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Overall UN losses to MiG-15s are credited as 78 F-86 Sabres and 75 aircraft of other types.<ref name="dpaa.mil"/> However, one modern source claims that the USAF has more recently cited 224 losses (circa 100 to air combat) out of 674 F-86s deployed to Korea.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nationalinterest.org/feature/cold-war-battle-the-sky-f-86-saber-vs-mig-15-12909|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161203204118/http://nationalinterest.org/feature/cold-war-battle-the-sky-f-86-saber-vs-mig-15-12909|url-status=dead|title=Cold War Battle in the Sky: F-86 Saber vs. Mig-15|first=Michael|last=Peck|date=18 May 2015|archive-date=3 December 2016|website=The National Interest}}</ref> Conversely, data-matching with Soviet records shows that US pilots routinely attributed their own combat losses to "landing accidents" and "other causes".<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.acig.org/artman/publish/article_315.shtml |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130604071241/http://www.acig.org/artman/publish/article_315.shtml|archive-date = 4 June 2013|title = Welcome to the Air Combat Information Group}}</ref> According to official US data ("USAF Statistical Digest FY1953"), the USAF lost 250 F-86 fighters in Korea: 184 were lost in combat (78 in air-combat, 19 by Anti-aircraft gun, 26 were "unknown causes" and 61 were "other losses") and 66 in accidents.<ref name="alternatewars.com"/>

More recent research by Dorr, Lake and Thompson has claimed the actual ratio is closer to 2 to 1.<ref>Dorr, Robert F., Jon Lake and Warren E. Thompson. ''Korean War Aces''. London: Osprey Publishing, 2005. {{ISBN|1-85532-501-2}}.</ref> The Soviets claimed to have downed over 600 Sabres,<ref>Sewell, Stephen L. [http://www.korean-war.com/sovietunion.html "Russian Claims from the Korean War 1950–53."] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061101081848/http://www.korean-war.com/sovietunion.html |date=1 November 2006 }} ''korean-war.com''. Retrieved: 19 July 2011.</ref> together with the Chinese claims.<ref>Zhang, Xiaoming. ''Red Wings over the Yalu: China, the Soviet Union, and the Air War in Korea''. College Station, Texas: Texas A&M University Press, 2002. {{ISBN|1-58544-201-1}}.</ref> A recent [[RAND]] report<ref>Stillion, John and Scott Perdue. [http://www.mossekongen.no/downloads/2008_RAND_Pacific_View_Air_Combat_Briefing.pdf "Air Combat Past, Present and Future."] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121006120643/http://www.mossekongen.no/downloads/2008_RAND_Pacific_View_Air_Combat_Briefing.pdf |date=6 October 2012 }} ''Project Air Force'', Rand, August 2008. Retrieved 11 March 2009.</ref> made reference to "recent scholarship" of F-86 v MiG-15 combat over Korea and concluded that the actual kill:loss ratio for the F-86 was 1.8 to 1 overall, and likely closer to 1.3 to 1 against MiGs flown by Soviet pilots.<ref name="Stuart Britton 2014"/> However, this ratio did not count the number of aircraft of other types (B-29, A-26, F-80, F-82, F-84...) that were shot down by MiG-15s.

{{wide image|Mig-15 v. F-86 Sabre (Udvar-Hazy).png|700px|MiG-15 (left) and F-86 Sabre (right) on display at the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center, National Air and Space Museum}}

===Defection===
[[File:USAF MiG-15.jpg|left|thumb|MiG-15 delivered by the defecting North Korean pilot [[No Kum-Sok]] to the [[US Air Force]]]]
[[File:MiG-15 wreck salvaged by UN forces Korea 1951.jpg|left|thumb|Photograph of a wrecked Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 fighter that was analyzed by United Nations' forces in the Korean War.]]
In April 1951, a crashed MiG-15 was spotted near the [[Chongchon River]]. On 17 April 1951, a USAF [[Sikorsky H-19]] staging through [[Baengnyeongdo]] carried a US/South Korean team to the crash site. They photographed the wreck and removed the turbine blades, combustion chamber, exhaust pipe and horizontal stabilizer. The overloaded helicopter then flew the team and samples back to Paengyong-do, where they were transferred to an [[Grumman HU-16 Albatross|SA-16]] and flown south and then to [[Wright-Patterson Air Force Base]], Ohio, for evaluation.<ref name="Werrell">{{cite book|last=Werrell|first=Kenneth|title=Sabres over MiG Alley: the F-86 and the battle for air superiority in Korea|publisher=Naval Institute Press|year=2005|isbn=978-1-59114-933-0|pages=95–96}}</ref>

In July 1951, the submerged remains of a MiG-15 were spotted by Royal Navy carrier aircraft from {{HMS|Glory|R62|6}}. The MiG-15 was broken up, a piece of the engine was visible aft of the center section, and the tail section was located some distance away. The wreck was located in an area of mudbanks with treacherous tides and at the end of a narrow channel that was supposedly mined, about {{cvt|160|km|mi|sigfig=1}} behind the front lines. The MiG-15 was retrieved, transported to Incheon and then to Wright-Patterson Air Force Base.

Eager to obtain an intact MiG for combat testing in a controlled environment, the United States launched [[Operation Moolah]], which offered to any pilot who defected with his MiG-15, political asylum and a reward of US$100,000 ({{Inflation|US-GDP|100000|1953|fmt=eq|r=-4}}).<ref name="moolah">Friedman, Herbert A. [http://www.psywarrior.com/Moolah.html "Operation Moolah: The Plot to Steal a MiG-15".] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110903210141/http://www.psywarrior.com/Moolah.html |date=3 September 2011 }} ''psywarrior.com.'' Retrieved: 29 November 2011.</ref>{{Inflation/fn|US-GDP}} [[Franciszek Jarecki]], a Polish Air Force pilot, defected from Soviet-controlled Poland in a MiG-15 on the morning of 5 March 1953, allowing Western air experts to examine the aircraft for the first time.<ref>Albury, Chuck. [https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=888&dat=19670305&id=2MMNAAAAIBAJ&sjid=bXQDAAAAIBAJ&pg=7042,2726841 "Escape from Red Poland."]{{Dead link|date=July 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ''St. Petersburg Times'', 5 March 1967. Retrieved: 14 July 2010.</ref> Jarecki flew from [[Słupsk]] to the field airport at Rønne on the Danish island of [[Bornholm]]. The whole trip took him only a few minutes. Specialists from the United States, called to the airfield by the Danish authorities, thoroughly examined the aircraft. According to international regulations, they then returned it by ship to Poland a few weeks later. Jarecki also received a $50,000 reward for being the first to present a MiG-15 to the Americans and became a US citizen.{{efn|According to a thesis published by Coleman Armstrong Mehta in 2006, Yugoslavia provided the CIA with a MiG-15 in flying condition as early as November 1951.<ref>Mehta, Coleman Armstrong. [http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/resolver/1840.16/1006 "A Rat Hole to be Watched? CIA Analyses of the Tito-Stalin Split, 1948–1950."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240312192308/https://repository.lib.ncsu.edu/items/707daca1-2681-4cfc-9b53-0ad99523db36 |date=12 March 2024 }} ''lib.ncsu.edu.'' Retrieved: 22 November 2010.</ref>|group=N}}

[[File:8239th AU leaflet 2508.png|thumb|An [[Operation Moolah]] propaganda leaflet promising a $100,000 reward to the first North Korean pilot to deliver a jet fighter to UN forces.]]
Following this example, a total of four Polish MiG-15 pilots defected. No military maps showed foreign Baltic coastlines and so Franciszek Jarecki navigated using a basic school atlas,  three of the four pilots managed to find the small island of Bornholm while one arrived at the Swedish Coast approximately {{cvt|80|km|mi|}} North of Bornholm.

A North Korean pilot, Lieutenant Kenneth H. Rowe (born [[No Kum-Sok]]{{efn|name=No|The name No Kum-Sok follows [[Korean naming]] conventions; No is the [[surname]] and Kum-Sok is the [[given name]].|group=N}}) defected at Kimpo Air Base on 21 September 1953. After landing he claimed to be unaware of the US$100,000 reward.<ref>Kum-Sok and Osterholm 1996</ref> This MiG-15 was minutely inspected and was test flown by several test pilots, including Chuck Yeager.<ref>{{cite AV media| title =We flew the MiG| publisher =USAF| year =1953| url =https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NPOWfXhCWkI| access-date =13 December 2015| archive-date =8 December 2015| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20151208194326/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NPOWfXhCWkI| url-status =live}}</ref> Yeager reported in his autobiography the MiG-15 had dangerous handling faults and claimed that during a visit to the USSR, Soviet pilots were incredulous he had ''dived'' in it, this supposedly being very hazardous.<ref name="yeagerbio_xxx">Yeager and Janos 1986, p. 208.</ref> No{{efn|name=No}} informed the Americans that spins in the aircraft were considered very dangerous, and that the KPAF instructed pilots to eject if unable to recover from a spin within three turns.{{sfn|Werrell|2005|p=98}} Remarking on the MiG-15's unforgiving behavior, particularly in the hands of an inexperienced pilot, Yeager characterized it as a "flying [[booby trap]]".{{sfn|Werrell|2005|p=99}} Lieutenant No's aircraft is now on display at the [[National Museum of the United States Air Force]] near [[Dayton, Ohio]].

===The Cold War===
During the 1950s, the MiG-15s of the USSR and their [[Warsaw Pact]] allies on many occasions, intercepted aircraft of the NATO air forces performing reconnaissance near or inside their territory; such incidents sometimes ended with aircraft of one side or the other being shot down. The known incidents where the MiG-15 was involved include:
* 16 December 1950: A USAF [[Boeing RB-29 Superfortress|RB-29]] was downed over Primore ([[Sea of Japan]]) by two MiG-15 pilots, Captain Stepan A. Bajaev and 1st Lieutenant N. Kotov.
* 19 November 1951: MiG-15bis pilot 1st Lieutenant A. A. Kalugin forced a USAF [[Douglas C-47 Skytrain|C-47]] that had penetrated Hungarian airspace to land at the airbase at [[Pápa]].
* 13 June 1952: Two naval MiG-15s, flown by Captain Oleg Piotrovich Fedotov and 1st Lieutenant Ivan Petrovich Proskurin, shot down an RB-29A near Valentin Bay, over the Sea of Japan. All 12 crew members perished (their bodies were not recovered).
* 13 June 1952, [[Catalina affair]]: A Soviet MiG-15 flown by Captain Osinskiy shot down a [[Douglas DC-3]] reconnaissance aircraft of the Swedish Air Force piloted by Alvar Almeberg near [[Ventspils]] over the [[Baltic Sea]]. All eight crew members perished. One of the two Swedish military [[Consolidated PBY Catalina|Catalina]] [[flying boats]] that conducted subsequent search and rescue for the downed DC-3 was also shot down by a MiG-15, though with no loss of life.
* 7 August 1952: Two MiG-15 pilots, 1st Lieutenants Zeryakov and Lesnov, shot down a USAF RB-29 over the [[Kuril Islands]]. The entire crew of nine died (the remains of one, Captain John R. Durnham, were returned to the United States in 1993).
* 18 November 1952: Four MiG-15bis engaged four [[Grumman F9F Panther|F9F-2 Panthers]] off the aircraft carrier [[USS Oriskany (CV-34)]] near [[Vladivostok]]. One MiG-15 pilot, Captain Dmitriy Belyakov, managed to seriously damage Lieutenant Junior Grade David M. Rowlands's F9F-2, but seconds later he and 1st Lieutenant Vandalov were downed by Elmer Royce Williams and John Davidson Middleton. Neither [[Soviet]] pilot was found.
* 10 March 1953, [[Air battle over Merklín]]: Two MiG-15bis of the [[Czechoslovak Air Force#Cold War (1946-1988)|Czechoslovak Air Force]] intercepted two F-84Gs in [[Czechoslovakia|Czechoslovak]] airspace. Lieutenant [[Jaroslav Šrámek]] shot down one of them; the F-84 crashed in [[Bavaria]]n territory. The US pilot bailed out safely.
* 12 March 1953: Seven airmen were killed when the [[Royal Air Force]] [[Avro Lincoln]] they were flying in was [[1953 Avro Lincoln shootdown incident|shot down]] by a Soviet Air Force MiG-15 in the Berlin air corridor, near [[Boizenburg]], {{convert|51|km}} northeast of [[Lüneburg]].
* 29 July 1953: Two MiG-15bis intercepted a [[Boeing B-50 Superfortress|RB-50G]] near [[Gamov]], in the Sea of Japan, and instructed it to land at their home base. The RB-50 gunners opened fire and hit the MiG of 1st Lieutenant Aleksandr D. Rybakov. Rybakov and his wingman 1st Lieutenant Yuriy M. Yablonskiy then shot down the RB-50. One of the crew members (John E. Roche) was rescued alive, and three corpses were recovered. The remaining 13 crew members became missing-in-action.
* 17 April 1955: MiG-15 pilots Korotkov and Sazhin shot down an [[Boeing B-47 Stratojet|RB-47E]] north of the [[Kamchatka peninsula]]. All three crew members perished.
* 27 June 1955: [[El Al Flight 402]] was shot down by two [[Bulgarian Air Force|Bulgarian]] MiG-15 aircraft after penetrating Bulgarian airspace. All 58 passengers and crew perished in the attack.<ref>Magnus, Allan. [http://users.accesscomm.ca/magnusfamily/misc.htm "Shootdowns of the Cold War Era"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090107090651/http://users.accesscomm.ca/magnusfamily/misc.htm |date=7 January 2009 }} ''Air Aces'', 28 July 2002. Retrieved: 14 July 2010.</ref><ref>Kotlobovsky, Alexander. [http://www.airforce.ru/awm/hotsky/hotsky.htm "Goryachoe Nebo Kholodnoy Voyny" ("The Hot Sky of the Cold War" {{in lang|ru}})] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110521005305/http://www.airforce.ru/awm/hotsky/hotsky.htm |date=21 May 2011 }} ''airforce.ru'', 2005. Retrieved: 14 July 2010.</ref><ref>Lednicer, David. [http://www.silent-warriors.com/shootdown_list.html "Aircraft Downed During the Cold War and Thereafter."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716070956/http://www.silent-warriors.com/shootdown_list.html |date=16 July 2011 }} ''silent-warriors.com'', 8 November 2005. Retrieved: 14 July 2010.</ref>

===Suez Canal Crisis (1956)===
Egypt bought two squadrons of MiG-15bis and MiG-17 fighters in 1955 from Czechoslovakia with the sponsorship and support of the USSR, just in time to participate in the [[Suez Canal Crisis]]. By the outbreak of the Suez conflict in October 1956, four squadrons of the [[Egyptian Air Force]] were equipped with the type, although few pilots were trained to fly them effectively.{{Citation needed|date=November 2011}}

They first saw aerial action on the morning of 30 October, intercepting four RAF [[English Electric Canberra|Canberra bombers]] on a reconnaissance mission over the Canal Zone, damaging one. Later that day, MiG-15s attacked Israeli forces at [[Mitla Pass]] and El Thamed in the Sinai, destroying half a dozen vehicles. As a result, the [[Israeli Air Force]] (IAF) instituted a standing combat air patrol over the Canal, and the next attack resulted in two MiGs downed by IAF [[Dassault Mystère IV|Mysteres]], although the Egyptian aircraft were able to successfully hit the Israeli troops.

The next day, the MiGs evened the score somewhat when they badly damaged two IAF [[Dassault Ouragan|Ouragan]] fighters, forcing one of them to crash-land in the desert. British and French warplanes then began a systematic bombing campaign of Egyptian air bases, destroying at least eight MiGs and dozens of other Egyptian aircraft on the ground and forcing the others to disperse. The remaining aircraft still managed to fly some attack missions, but the Egyptians had lost air superiority.

During air combat against the IAF, Egyptian MiG-15bis managed to shoot down two Israeli aircraft: a Gloster Meteor F.8 on 30 October 1956, and a Dassault Ouragan on 1 November, which performed a belly landing – this last victory was scored by the Egyptian pilot Faruq el-Gazzavi. A third aircraft, an L-8 [[Piper Cub]], was destroyed on the ground.<ref>Nicolle 1996, p. 159</ref>
[[File:Mig15bardwvil.jpg|thumb|Egyptian MiG-15bis, [[Lake Bardawil]], 1956]]
An Egyptian MiG-15 was damaged, but the pilot managed to ditch in [[Lake Bardawil]], and the aircraft was salvaged by Israeli forces.

=== Taiwan Straits crisis ===
After the Korean War ended, Communist China turned its attention back to Nationalist China on the island of Taiwan. Chinese MiG-15s were in action over the [[Taiwan Strait]] against the outnumbered Nationalist Air Force (CNAF) and helped make possible the Communist occupation of two strategic island groups. The US had been lending support to the Nationalists since 1951 and started delivery of F-86s in 1955. Sabres and MiGs clashed three years later in the Quemoy Crisis.
[[Second Taiwan Strait Crisis|Throughout the 1950s]], MiG-15s of China's [[People's Liberation Army Air Force]] (PLAAF) frequently engaged [[Republic of China]] (ROC) and US aircraft in combat; in 1958 a ROC F-86 fighter achieved the first air-to-air kill with an [[AIM-9 Sidewinder]] [[air-to-air missile]] against a PLAAF MiG-15.<ref>[http://www.designation-systems.net/dusrm/m-9.html "AAM-N-7/GAR-8/AIM-9 Sidewinder." Raytheon (Philco/General Electric).] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100209021021/http://www.designation-systems.net/dusrm/m-9.html |date=9 February 2010 }} ''designation-systems.net.'' Retrieved: 12 September 2010.</ref>

===Vietnam===
Vietnam operated a number of MiG-15s and MiG-15UTIs for training only. There is no mention of the MiG-15 being involved in any combat against American aircraft in the early stages of the Vietnam War.

===Other events===
The first man in space, [[Yuri Gagarin]], was [[Death of Yuri Gagarin|killed in a crash]] during a March 1968 training flight in a MiG-15UTI due to poor visibility and miscommunication with ground control.<ref>Doran 1998, pp. 210–229.</ref>

===MiG-17===
{{main|Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17}}
The more advanced MiG-17 ''Fresco'' was very similar in appearance, but addressed many of the limitations of the MiG-15. It introduced a new swept wing with a "compound sweep" configuration: a 45° angle near the fuselage, and a 42° angle for the outboard part of the wings. The first prototype was flown in 1953 before the end of the Korean war. Later versions introduced radar, [[afterburner|afterburning]] engines and missiles.

==Production==
[[File:Krzesiny 18RB.JPG|thumb|left|SB Lim-2 of the [[Polish Air Force]]]]

The USSR built 1344 MiG-15, 8352 MiG-15bis and 3434 two-seaters. It was also built under license in [[Czechoslovakia]] as the '''S-102''' (MiG-15, 821 aircraft), '''S-103''' (MiG-15bis, 620 aircraft) and '''CS-102''' (MiG-15UTI, 2012 aircraft) and Poland as the '''Lim-1''' (MiG-15, 227 aircraft) and '''Lim-2''' (MiG-15bis, 500 aircraft). No two-seaters have been built in Poland as such – the '''SB Lim-1''' and '''SB Lim-2''' variants were remanufactured from hundreds of Polish-, Czech- and Soviet-built single-seaters.

In the early 1950s, the Soviet Union delivered hundreds of MiG-15s to China, where they received the designation '''J-2'''.{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=84}} The Soviets also sent 847 MiG-15 engineers and specialists to China, where they assisted China's Shenyang Aircraft Factory to prepare to build jet fighters. It was originally planned to build the MiG-15bis fighter at Shenyang, but China decided to build the more advanced MiG-17 fighter instead, together with the MiG-15UTI trainer (designated '''JJ-2'''). China never produced a single-seat fighter version, only the two-seat JJ-2,{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=47}}{{sfn|Gordon|Komissarov|2008|pp= 23–24}} although during the Korean War, Shenyang was used for the repair of battle-damaged MiG-15.{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=47}} The number of JJ-2s built remains unknown and the estimates vary between 120 and 500 aircraft.

The designation "J-4" is unclear; some sources claim Western observers mistakenly labelled China's MiG-15''bis'' a "J-4", while the PLAAF never used the "J-4" designation. Others claim "J-4" is used for [[Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17|MiG-17F]], while "J-5" is used for MiG-17PF.<ref>[http://www.designation-systems.net/non-us/china.html "China."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205021256/http://www.designation-systems.net/non-us/china.html |date=5 February 2012 }} ''designation-systems.net.'' Retrieved: 11 July 2012.</ref> Another source claims the PLAAF used "J-4" for Soviet-built MiG-17A, which were quickly replaced by license-built MiG-17Fs ([[Shenyang J-5|J-5]]s).<ref>[http://www.airtoaircombat.com/background.asp?id=41&bg=856 "Background."] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060626012002/http://www.airtoaircombat.com/background.asp?id=41&bg=856 |date=26 June 2006 }} ''airtoaircombat.com.'' Retrieved: 12 September 2010.</ref>

== Variants ==
=== Prototype designations ===
;I-310
:Designation of S-01, S-02, and S-03 prototypes.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|pp=55–61}}
;I-312
:Designation of ''Samolet'' ST prototypes.

=== Military designations ===
;MiG-15
:Military designation of ''Samolet'' SV, first production version powered by a [[Klimov VK-1|Klimov RD-45F]].{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=61}}{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|pp=31–32, 34}} The aircraft was given the product code '''''Izdeliye'' 50'''.{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=12}}
;MiG-15PB
:''Podvyesnije Baki'' (Belly Tank), production variant capable of carrying two {{Convert|250|L|gal}} [[drop tank]]s on the bomb racks.  Once modifications became standard on production aircraft, the "PB" was dropped and the designation reverted to '''MiG-15'''.{{sfn|Stapfer|1991|p=9}}
;MiG-15S
:''Soprovozdenije'' (Escort), production variant capable of carrying two {{Convert|300|or|400|L|gal|adj=on}} or drop tanks, or two {{Convert|600|L|gal|adj=on}} underwing tanks on the bomb racks.  Once modifications became standard on production aircraft, the "S" was dropped and the designation reverted to '''MiG-15'''.{{sfn|Stapfer|1991|p=10}}
;MiG-15SV
:''Soprovozdenije Vysoto'' (High Altitude Escort), variant with underwing fuel tanks and [[Nudelman-Rikhter NR-23|NR-23]] autocannons.{{sfn|Stapfer|1991|p=10}}
;MiG-15U
:''Ustanovka'' (Weapon-Swiveling Device), military designation of ''Samolet'' SU.  One built.{{sfn|Stapfer|1991|p=13}}
;MiG-15''bis''
:''Samolet'' SD, improved single-seat fighter version powered by a [[Klimov VK-1]] and with enlarged air brakes.  Changes made during production include the replacement of the NS-23 autocannons with the NR-23 the addition of an OSP-48 [[instrument landing system]], and a revised canopy to improve view.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|pp=68–70}}{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|pp=38–42}} Aircraft produced at the [[Nizhny Novgorod|Gorky]] factory were given the product code '''''Izdeliye'' 53''', while aircraft produced at the [[Kuybyshev, Novosibirsk Oblast|Kuybyshev]] factory were '''''Izdeliye'' 55''' (same as the MiG-15''bis''R).{{sfn|Gordon|2001|pp=21, 26}}
;MiG-15''bis''F
:MiG-15bis modified for unarmed reconnaissance with armament removed to make room for AFA-1M and AFP-21KT cameras.{{sfn|Stapfer|1991|p=18}}
;MiG-15''bis''R
:''Rasvedtchik'' (Reconnaissance), military designation of ''Samolet'' SR, MiG-15bis modified for armed reconnaissance with the 37&nbsp;mm and one 23&nbsp;mm autocannon removed to make room for AFA-1M and AFP-21KT cameras.{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|p=51}}{{sfn|Stapfer|1991|p=18}}  Also known as the '''MiG-15R''bis'''''.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=71}} The aircraft was given the product code '''''Izdeliye'' 55'''.{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=26}}
;MiG-15''bis''S
:''Soprovozdenije'' (Escort), long-range escort fighter based on the ''Samolet'' SD-UPB.  Also known as the '''MiG-15S''bis'''''.  Once modifications became standard production aircraft, the "S" was dropped and the designation reverted to '''MiG-15''bis'''''.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|pp=70–71}}{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|pp=50–51}}
;MiG-15''bis''P
:''Samolet'' SP-5, prototype single-seat all-weather interceptor version of the MiG-15''bis'' with an RP-1 Izumrud radar.  Also known as the '''MiG-15P'''.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=72}}{{sfn|Stapfer|1991|p=15}}
;''Burlaki''
:Proposed [[Parasite aircraft|parasite fighter]] based on the MiG-15''bis'' that would be towed behind a [[Tupolev Tu-4]] via a winch.  Project canceled after the Tu-4 was replaced by the [[Tupolev Tu-16]].{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=74}}{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|pp=62, 64}}
;MiG-15LL
:''Samolet'' SYe, experimental variant with an enlarged vertical tail and stiffened wings with square-tipped ailerons to improve high-speed handling.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|pp=71–72}}
[[File:MiG-15bis.jpg|thumb|MiG-15ISh at the Monino Aircraft Museum]]
;MiG-15ISh
:''Istrebitel Shturmovik'' (fighter, armored attacker), experimental attack variant with two wing-mounted beam-like pylons each capable of carrying two bombs in tandem or rocket launchers.{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|p=62}} Reports disagree on the number built, with one claiming only a single aircraft was built and another stating 12 were built.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=74}}
;MiG-15M
:''Mishen'' (Target), target [[UAV]], converted from single-seat MiG-15.  Also known as the '''M-15'''.{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=31}}<ref name="AviaRu">Online museum of Russian aviation. {{cite web |url=http://xn--80aafy5bs.xn--p1ai/aviamuseum/aviatsiya/sssr/bpla/bpla-mishen-mig-15m/ |title=USSR aviation. UAV-target MiG-15M |publisher=Авиару.рф |access-date=2023-03-03 |archive-date=5 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230405201336/http://xn--80aafy5bs.xn--p1ai/aviamuseum/aviatsiya/sssr/bpla/bpla-mishen-mig-15m/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>Avia.pro [https://avia.pro/blog/mig-15m MiG-15M] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216221931/https://avia.pro/blog/mig-15m |date=16 December 2023 }}. 2015-10-14</ref>
[[File:MIG-15UTI-hatzerim-2.jpg|thumb|alt=MiG-15UTI|A UTI MiG-15 at the [[Israeli Air Force Museum]], [[Hatzerim]], in 1945–58 [[Egyptian Air Force#Roundels|Egyptian Air Force]] markings]]
;UTI MiG-15
:''Samolet'' ST-2, two-seat trainer armed with a single 12.7&nbsp;mm [[Afanasev A-12.7|A-12.7]] machine gun.  Also known as the '''MiG-15UTI'''.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|pp=65–67}}{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=41}}
;UTI MiG-15P
:''Samolet'' ST-7, modified UTI MiG-15 with an RP-1 ''Izumrud'' radar and armed with a single 12.7&nbsp;mm UBK-E.  One prototype converted from a MiG-15UTI as ST-7, followed by a small number to service units as UTI MiG-15P.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=68}}{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|pp=73–74}}
;UTI MiG-15LL
:''Samolet'' ST-10, testbed aircraft for ejection seats.  At least five converted from MiG-15UTIs.  Also known as the '''MiG-15UTI-LL'''.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=68}}{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|pp=74, 76}}{{sfn|Stapfer|1991|p=42}}
;UTI MiG-15stk
:Unofficial designation of an ejection seat trainer with an open rear cockpit.  At least two UTI MiG-15s were modified.{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=45}}

=== ''Samolet'' (Aircraft) designations ===
;''Samolet'' S-01 (С-01)
:First prototype, powered by a [[Rolls-Royce Nene|Rolls-Royce Nene-1]] engine and armed with a single 37&nbsp;mm [[Nudelman-Suranov NS-37|NS-37]] and two 23&nbsp;mm [[Nudelman-Suranov NS-23|NS-23]] autocannons.  Also known as '''S-1'''.{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|pp=16–17}}{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=8}}{{sfn|Stapfer|1991|p=5}}
;''Samolet'' S-02 (С-02)
:Second prototype, powered by a Rolls-Royce Nene-2, with revised landing gear doors and canopy, more complete avionics package, and other small changes.  Also known as '''S-2'''.{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|p=17}}{{sfn|Gordon|2001|pp=8–9}}{{sfn|Stapfer|1991|p=5}}
;''Samolet'' S-03 (С-03)
:Third prototype, powered by a Rolls-Royce Nene-2, with air brakes, altered tail configuration, increased fuel capacity, and provisions for underwing bombs.  Also known as '''S-3'''.{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|p=17}}{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=9}}
;''Samolet'' S (С)
:Single pre-production aircraft, as S-03 but with several changes including air brakes skinned with EI-100N steel instead of [[duralumin]] and powered by a [[Klimov VK-1|Klimov RD-45F]].{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=12}}
;''Samolet'' SV (СВ)
:First production version powered by a [[Klimov VK-1|Klimov RD-45F]].  Entered service as the '''MiG-15'''.{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=12}}
;''Samolet'' SA-1 (СА-1)
:Experimental variant fitted with an OSP-48 [[instrument landing system]] as well as other improvements.  One converted from a MiG-15.  The OSP-48 became standard on later production MiG-15''bis'' aircraft.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=70}}  The aircraft was originally the second Moscow-built MiG-15, construction number 3810102, which was fitted with a Klimov VK-1 instead of the standard RD-45F engine.  This has led to the aircraft often being confused for a MiG-15''bis'', which was fitted with the VK-1 as standard.{{sfn|Gordon|2001|pp=16–17}}
;''Samolet'' SA-2 (СА-2)
:Experimental variant similar to the SA-1.  One aircraft converted but never submitted for acceptance trials.{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=17}}
;''Samolet'' SA-3 (СА-3)
:Experimental variant fitted with an OSP-48 instrument landing system similar to the SA-1, for which the SA-3 is often mistaken as a predecessor.  One converted from a production MiG-15.  Sixteen RD-45F-powered production MiG-15s were converted to a similar standard for service trials and are often mistaken for the SA-3.{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=17}}
;''Samolet'' SA-4 (СА-4)
:Experimental variant fitted with an OSP-48 landing system and many other improvements that later became standard on production aircraft.  One converted from a production MiG-15.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=67}}{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|p=34}}
;''Samolet'' SO (СО)
:Experimental variant to test improvements to pilot protection, including a thickened windscreen, an armored back and headrest, and a sliding gun sight to reduce the chance of head injury during a crash.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=67}}
;''Samolet'' SSh (СШ)
:Experimental variant with the two left guns replaced by a single 23&nbsp;mm Sh-3 cannon. Two aircraft modified from MiG-15s.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=67}}{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=19}}
;''Samolet'' SU (СУ)
:Experimental variant with all armament replaced by two 23&nbsp;mm Sh-3 cannons with variable-angle mounts that could automatically track targets.  One converted from a production MiG-15.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=67}}{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|p=36–38}}
;''Samolet'' SD (СД)
:Improved single-seat fighter version powered by a [[Klimov VK-1]] and with enlarged air brakes.  Entered service as the '''MiG-15''bis'''''.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|pp=68–69}}{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|pp=38–39}}
;''Samolet'' SD-P (СД-П)
:''Parashyutom'' (Parachute), experimental aircraft to test [[Anti-lock braking system|anti-skid systems]] and [[drogue parachute]]s.{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=25}}
;''Samolet'' SD-UPB (СД-УПБ)
:''Uvieliichennije Podvyesnije Baki'' (Increased Belly Tank), MiG-15''bis'' tested with various external tank configurations.  One such configuration of two {{Convert|600|L|gal}} tanks was made standard on the MiG-15''bis''S.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|pp=70–71}}{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|pp=50–51}}
;''Samolet'' SD-ET (СД-ЭТ)
:Prototype based on the MiG-15''bis'' with multiple small improvements, including an ART-8 acceleration control unit, a PN-2FAK fuel-flow restrictor, increased wing stiffness, and improved drop tank jettisoning system.  Some of the improvements became standard on production aircraft.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=70}}{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|pp=51–52}}
;''Samolet'' SD-5 (СД-5)
:Testbed for the [[S-5 rocket|ORO-57 rocket launcher]] on D3-40 pylons.{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|p=59}}
;''Samolet'' SD-10 (СД-10)
:Testbed for the [[PROSAB-100]] anti-aircraft bomb on D4-50 pylons.{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=33}}
;''Samolet'' SD-21 (СД-21)
:Testbed for the [[S-21 rocket]] on D3-40 pylons{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|pp=73–74}}{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|p=59}}
;''Samolet'' SD-25 (СД-25)
:Testbed for the [[PROSAB-250]] cluster bomb on D4-50 pylons.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|pp=73–74}}{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|p=59}}
;''Samolet'' SD-57 (СД-57)
:Testbed for the [[S-5 rocket|ORO-57 rocket launcher]] on D4-50 pylons.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|pp=73–74}}{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|p=59}}
;''Samolet'' SYa (СЯ)
:Experimental aircraft to study remedies for [[Stall (fluid dynamics)|wing drop]].  Three were converted from MiG-15''bis'' aircraft, with two being modified with stiffened wings and all three being fitted with bendable [[trim tab]]s.{{sfn|Gordon|2001|pp=23, 25}}
;''Samolet'' SR (СР)
:MiG-15bis modified for armed reconnaissance with the 37 mm and one 23 mm autocannon removed to make room for AFA-1M and AFP-21KT cameras.  Also known as the '''''Samolet'' SR-1'''.  Entered service as the '''MiG-15''bis''R'''.{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|p=51}}{{sfn|Stapfer|1991|p=18}}
;''Samolet'' SP-1 (СП-1)
:Prototype equipped with a ''Toriy-M'' radar in place of the two 23&nbsp;mm cannons.  Five converted from MiG-15''bis'' aircraft.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|pp=71–72}}{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|pp=52, 54}}
;''Samolet'' SP-2 (СП-2)
:Prototype equipped with a ''Toriy-A'' radar in place of the two 23&nbsp;mm cannons.{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|p=52}}
;''Samolet'' SP-5 (СП-5)
:Prototype single-seat all-weather interceptor version of the MiG-15''bis'' with an RP-1 ''Izumrud'' radar and a reduced armament of two NR-23 cannons.  Also designated '''MiG-15''bis''P'''.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=72}}{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|pp=54, 56}}
;''Samolet'' SYe (СЕ)
:Experimental variant with an enlarged vertical tail and stiffened wings with square-tipped ailerons to improve high-speed handling.  Also designated '''MiG-15LL'''.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|pp=72–73}}
;''Samolet'' SL-5 (СЛ-5)
:Testbed for the [[Klimov VK-5]] engine.  One converted from a MiG-15''bis''.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=72}}{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=31}}
;''Samolet'' SE (СЭ)
:Testbed new wingtips and vertical stabilizer to improve controllability.{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|p=56}}
;''Samolet'' ST-1 (СТ-1)
:Prototype two-seat trainer based on the MiG-15 (''Samolet'' SV), armed with a single 12.7&nbsp;mm [[Berezin UB|UBK-E]] machine gun and one NR-23 cannon.{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|pp=69, 71}}
;''Samolet'' ST-2 (СТ-2)
:Production two-seat trainer armed with a single 12.7&nbsp;mm [[Afanasev A-12.7|A-12.7]] machine gun.  Entered service as the '''UTI MiG-15'''.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=67}}{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|pp=71, 73}}{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=42}}
;''Samolet'' ST-7 (СТ-7)
: Modified UTI MiG-15 with an RP-1 ''Izumrud'' radar and armed with a single 12.7&nbsp;mm UBK-E.  Entered service as the '''UTI MiG-15P'''.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=68}}{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|pp=73–74}}
;''Samolet'' ST-8 (СТ-8)
:Experimental variant to test the RP-3 ''Izumrud'' radar.  One converted from a UTI MiG-15.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=68}}{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|pp=73–74}}
;''Samolet'' ST-10 (СТ-10)
:Testbed aircraft for ejection seats.  At least five converted from MiG-15UTIs.  Also designated '''UTI MiG-15LL'''.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=68}}{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|pp=74, 76}}
;''Samolet'' SDK-5 (СДК-5)
:Radio-controlled [[target drone]]s converted from retired MiG-15 and MiG-15''bis'' aircraft.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|pp=74–75}}
;''Samolet'' SDK-7 (СДК-7)
:Pre-programmed cruise missiles converted from retired MiG-15 and MiG-15''bis'' aircraft.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|pp=74–75}}

=== Chinese variants ===
[[File:At Kucove this F2 (MiG-15bis) is rotting away in a tunnel. (11278584023).jpg|thumb|Former [[Albanian Air Force]] F-2 at [[Kuçovë Aerodrome]]]]
;J-2
:(''Jianjiji'' – fighter) Chinese designation of USSR production MiG-15bis single-seat fighter.  Plans to produce the J-2 in China were canceled in favor of the [[Shenyang J-5]].  Retired J-2s were exported under the designation '''F-2'''.{{sfn|Gordon|Komissarov|2008|p=23}}
;JJ-2
:(''Jianjiji Jiaolianji'' – fighter trainer) Chinese production of MiG-15UTI two-seat jet trainers.  Retired JJ-2s were exported under the designation '''FT-2'''.{{sfn|Gordon|Komissarov|2008|pp=23–24}}
;BA-5
:Unmanned target drone conversions of J-2 fighters.{{sfn|Gordon|Komissarov|2008|p=24}}

=== Polish variants ===
[[File:PZL-Mielec Lim-1 ‘712’ (19527028266).jpg|thumb|Lim-1 at the [[Polish Aviation Museum]]]]
;Lim-1
:(''Licencyjny myśliwiec'' - licensed fighter aircraft) MiG-15 jet fighters built under license in Poland, powered by Lis-1 (licensed RD-45F). 227 built at [[WSK-Mielec]] factory from 1952 to 1954.{{sfn|Butowski ''Air Enthusiast'' 1993| pp=16, 18}}  The aircraft was given the product code ''Produkt'' C.{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=52}}
;Lim-1.5
:Unofficial designation of Lim-1s with avionics upgrades.{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=52}}{{sfn|Stapfer|1991|p=34}}
;Lim-2
:MiG-15''bis'' built under license in Poland. 500 built from 1954 to 1956, with first 100 powered by Soviet-built VK-1A engines and remaining aircraft powered by Polish-built Lis-2 engines.{{sfn|Butowski ''Air Enthusiast'' 1993|p=20}} The aircraft was given the product code ''Produkt'' CD.{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=52}}
;Lim-2R
:Polish-built reconnaissance conversion of Lim-2 with camera replacing the N-37 cannon.{{sfn|Butowski ''Air Enthusiast'' 1993|p=22}}
;SBLim-1
:Polish Lim-1 converted to equivalent of MiG-15UTI jet trainers, with Lis-1 jet engines.{{sfn|Butowski ''Air Enthusiast'' 1993|p=20}}
;SBLim-1A
:(originally '''SBLim-1Art'''): Conversion of SBLim-1 into two seat reconnaissance version with observer in rear seat.{{sfn|Butowski ''Air Enthusiast'' 1993|p=22}}
;SBLim-2
:Polish Lim-2 or SBLim-1 converted to jet trainers with Lis-2 (VK-1) jet engines.{{sfn|Butowski ''Air Enthusiast'' 1993|p=20}}
;SBLim-2A
:(originally '''SBLim-2Art'''): Conversion of SBLim-1 into two seat reconnaissance version with observer in rear seat.{{sfn|Butowski ''Air Enthusiast'' 1993|p=22}}
;SBLim-2M
:Reconversion of SBLim-2A to trainer, with dual controls reinstated.{{sfn|Butowski ''Air Enthusiast'' 1993|p=22}}
;SBLim-2R
:SBLim-2 converted for the reconnaissance role.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=76}}

=== Czechoslovakian variants ===
;S-102
:MiG-15 jet fighters built under license in Czechoslovakia, with Motorlet M-05 (licensed RD-45) engines.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=75}}
;S-103
:MiG-15''bis'' jet fighters built under license in Czechoslovakia with Motorlet M-06 (licensed VK-1) engines.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=75}}
;CS-102
:MiG-15UTI jet trainers built under license in Czechoslovakia.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=75}}
;MiG-15SB
:S-102 converted for the fighter bomber role with four additional pylons, for a total of six, for bombs and missiles.  Takeoff from unpaved runways was aided by SRP-1 [[JATO|booster rockets]], and a [[drogue parachute]] was fitted to the tail.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=75}}{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|pp=88, 90}}
;MiG-15T
:S-102 converted for the [[Target tug|target-towing]] role.  All armament was removed.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=75}}{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|p=88}}
;MiG-15V
:Towed target drone conversion.{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=50}}
;MiG-15''bis''F
:S-103 modified for unarmed reconnaissance with AFA-1M and AFP-21KT cameras similar to the Soviet MiG-15''bis''F.{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|p=88}}
;MiG-15''bis''R
:S-103 modified for armed reconnaissance similar to the Soviet MiG-15''bis''R.  A AFP-21KT and two other cameras were carried, with the NFT-02 camera being used for night reconnaissance.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=75}}{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|p=88}}
[[File:Letadlo MiG-15bis SB (3255).jpg|thumb|MiG-15''bis''SB at the [[Kbely Aviation Museum]]]]
;MiG-15''bis''SB
:S-103 converted for the fighter bomber role with the four additional pylons of the MiG-15SB, but without the rocket boosters and drogue parachute.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=75}}{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|p=90}}
;MiG-15''bis''T
:S-103 converted for the target-towing role.  All armament was removed.{{sfn|Gunston|Gordon|1998|p=75}}{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|p=88}}
;UTI MiG-15P
:Two-seat dual-control jet trainer, heavily modified by [[Aero Vodochody|Aero]] to accommodate RP-1 or RP-5 Izumrud radar, making it almost identical to the Soviet ''Samolet'' ST-8 except for radar type. Used for MiG-17PF (Fresco D) a MiG-19P/PM (Farmer B/E) crew training. One converted from a CS-102.  Not to be confused with the similar Soviet UTI MiG-17P (''Samolet'' ST-7).{{sfn|Gordon|Rigmant|1993|p=90}}<ref>{{cite web| url = https://ruslet.webnode.cz/technika/ruska-technika/letecka-technika/a-i-mikojan-a-m-i-gurjevic/aero-mig-15uti-p/| title = Letecka technika| work = Ruslet| access-date = 14 June 2021| archive-date = 14 June 2021| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210614070204/https://ruslet.webnode.cz/technika/ruska-technika/letecka-technika/a-i-mikojan-a-m-i-gurjevic/aero-mig-15uti-p/| url-status = live}}</ref>

=== Other variants ===
;UMiG-15MT
:Bulgarian conversion of single-seat fighters to two-seat trainers, from 1963.<ref>{{cite magazine|title =Dymitr Atanasow - 35 lat w bułgarskim lotnictwie|magazine= Lotnictwo |volume = 4/2010(109) |date=April 2010 |lang=pl|pages=74}}</ref>

===Foreign reporting names===
;Fagot
:The [[NATO reporting name]] for the single-seat MiG-15.  After the introduction of the MiG-15''bis'', the reporting name of the original MiG-15 was changed to '''Fagot-A''' to differentiate the two variants.{{sfn|Gordon|2001|p=21}}{{sfn|Stapfer|1991|pp=9, 17}}<ref name="designations">[http://www.designation-systems.net/non-us/soviet.html#_Listings_Fighter 4.3 F – Fighters] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011201653/http://www.designation-systems.net/non-us/soviet.html#_Listings_Fighter |date=11 October 2017 }}. designation-systems.net</ref>
;Fagot-B
:The [[NATO reporting name]] for the single-seat MiG-15''bis''.{{sfn|Stapfer|1991|p=17}}<ref name="designations"/>
;Midget
:The NATO reporting name for the two-seat MiG-15UTI.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.designation-systems.net/non-us/soviet.html#_Listings_Misc|title=Designations of Soviet and Russian Military Aircraft and Missiles|access-date=4 February 2015|archive-date=11 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011201653/http://www.designation-systems.net/non-us/soviet.html#_Listings_Misc|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Operators==
===Current operators===
{{flag|North Korea}} 
*[[Korean People's Army Air Force]]<ref>{{cite web | url=http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php | title=Trade Registers | access-date=25 June 2017 | archive-date=22 April 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190422051706/http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php | url-status=live }}</ref>

===Former operators===

;{{flag|Kingdom of Afghanistan|name=Afghanistan}}
*[[Afghan Air Force]] 
;{{ALB}}
*[[Albanian Air Force]]
;{{DZA}}
*[[Algerian Air Force]]<ref>{{harvnb|Cooper|Grandolini|2018|pp=34–35}}</ref>
;{{flag|Angola}}
*[[Angolan People's Air Force And Air Defence Force|People's Air and Air Defence Force of Angola]]
;{{flag|Bulgaria|1946}}
*[[Bulgarian Air Force]] 
;{{CAM}}
*[[Royal Cambodian Air Force]] 
;{{CHN}} 
*[[People's Liberation Army Air Force]] 
*[[People's Liberation Army Naval Air Force]] 
;{{COG}}
*[[Congolese Air Force]] 
;{{CUB}} 
*[[Cuban Revolutionary Air and Air Defense Force]] 
;{{CZS}} 
*[[Czechoslovak Air Force]] 
;{{DDR}}
*[[Air Forces of the National People's Army]] 
;{{flag|Egypt|1952}}
*[[Egyptian Air Force]] 
;{{flag|Finland}}
*[[Finnish Air Force]] 
;{{GUI}}
*[[Military of Guinea#Composition|Guinea Air Force]]
;{{HUN}}
*[[Hungarian Air Force]] 
;{{IDN}}
*[[Indonesian Air Force]] 
;{{flag|Iraq|1963}}
*[[Iraqi Air Force]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sipos |first1=Milos |last2=Cooper |first2=Tom |title=Wings of Iraq, Volume 1: The Iraqi Air Force, 1931–1970 |date=2020 |publisher=Helion & Company Publishing |location=Warwick, UK |isbn=978-1-913118-74-7 |page=48}}</ref>
;{{flag|Khmer Republic}}
*[[Khmer Air Force]]
;{{MLI}}
*[[Malian Air Force]]<ref>{{harvnb|Cooper|Weinert|Hinz|Lepko|2011|p=42}}</ref>
;{{MAR}}
*[[Royal Moroccan Air Force]]<ref>{{harvnb|Cooper|Grandolini|2018|p=31}}</ref>
;{{flag|Mongolia|1945}}
*[[Mongolian People's Army Air Force]]
;{{MOZ}}
*[[Mozambique Air Force]]<ref>{{harvnb|Cooper|Weinert|Hinz|Lepko|2011|p=56}}</ref>
;{{NGA}} 
*[[Nigerian Air Force]]<ref>{{harvnb|Cooper|Weinert|Hinz|Lepko|2011|p=77}}</ref>
;{{flag|North Vietnam}}
*[[Vietnam People's Air Force]]
;{{flag|North Yemen}}
*[[Yemeni Air Force|North Yemen Air Force]]<ref>{{harvnb|Cooper|2017|p=26}}</ref>
;{{PAK}} 
*[[Pakistan Air Force]] 
;{{POL}}
*[[Polish Air Force]]
*[[Polish Navy]]
;{{flag|Romania|1965}} 
*[[Romanian Air Force]]
;{{SOM}}
*[[Somali Air Force|Somali Aeronautical Corps]]<ref>{{harvnb|Cooper|Weinert|Hinz|Lepko|2011|p=96}}</ref>
;{{flag|South Yemen}}
*[[Yemeni Air Force|South Yemen Air Force]]<ref>{{harvnb|Cooper|2017|p=35}}</ref>
;{{USSR}}
*[[Soviet Air Forces]]
*[[Soviet Air Defence Forces]]
;{{SRI}} 
*[[Sri Lanka Air Force]]
;{{SYR}}
*[[Syrian Air Force]]
;{{UGA}} 
*[[Uganda Air Force|Ugandan People's Defence Force Air Force]]<ref>{{harvnb|Cooper|Weinert|Hinz|Lepko|2011|p=179}}</ref>
;{{USA}}
*[[United States Air Force]] – In the 1980s, the United States purchased a number of [[Shenyang J-4]]s along with [[Shenyang J-5]]s from China via the Combat Core Certification Professionals Company; these aircraft were employed in a "mobile threat test" program at [[Kirtland Air Force Base]], operated by the USAF's [[4477th Test and Evaluation Squadron]]. As of 2015, MiG-15UTIs and MiG-17s are operated by a civilian contractor at both the USAF and US Naval Test Pilot Schools for student training. 
;{{VIE}}
*[[Vietnam People's Air Force]]

===Civilian operators===
; {{flagu|Argentina}}: One ex-[[Polish Air Force]] CS-102 trainer variant, rebuilt in 1975 as a SB Lim2M and retired in 1987. Privately brought to Argentina in November 1997 and given the experimental registration LV-X216.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://jal-misfotosdeaviones.blogspot.com.ar/2010/06/un-mig-15-en-argentina-mig-15-sb-lim2.html |title=Un MiG-15 en Argentina (MiG-15 SB LIM2 UTI) |date=13 June 2010 |language=es |access-date=26 March 2016 |archive-date=5 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305020934/http://jal-misfotosdeaviones.blogspot.com.ar/2010/06/un-mig-15-en-argentina-mig-15-sb-lim2.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/bLTGNMQBydI Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20160401143854/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bLTGNMQBydI Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite web |title=Pablo volando mig 15 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bLTGNMQBydI |publisher=YouTube |language=es}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

==Surviving aircraft==
{{More citations needed section|date=August 2023}}
[[File:Mig15.JPG|thumb|MiG-15 in National Air & Space Museum. Taken in April 2004.]]
[[File:MiG-15 (WSK PZL Mielec LIM-2) pic1.JPG|thumb|WSK-Mielec Lim-2 (Polish-built MiG-15bis, c/n 1B01006) at the Auto- und Technikmuseum Sinsheim.]]
[[File:Aero-CS-102-UTI-MiG-15-UTI.jpg|thumb|CS-102 (Czech-built MiG-15UTI) at [[Dirgantara Mandala Museum]] in Indonesia]]

Many MiG-15s are on display throughout the world. In addition, they are becoming increasingly common as private sport aircraft and warbirds. According to the [[FAA]], there were 43 privately owned MiG-15s in the US in 2011, including Chinese and Polish derivatives, the first of which is owned by aviator and aerobatic flyer, [[Paul T. Entrekin]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/AcftRef_Results.aspx?Mfrtxt=&Modeltxt=MIG+15&PageNo=1 |title=FAA Registry: MiG-15 |publisher=[[FAA]] |access-date=2011-05-17 |archive-date=18 August 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120818125217/http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/AcftRef_Results.aspx?Mfrtxt=&Modeltxt=MIG+15&PageNo=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

;Australia: As of July 2015, six privately owned MiG-15s are airworthy and on the Australian civil aircraft register. At least seven others are on static display in museums, including one in the [[Australian War Memorial]].

;Bulgaria: One MiG-15 is on display in [[Sofia]] at the [[National Museum of Military History (Bulgaria)|National Museum of Military History]].

;Canada:
*A flying MiG-15UTI is operated at [[Region of Waterloo International Airport]] by [[Waterloo Warbirds]].
*One WSK-Mielec Lim-2 (Polish-built MiG-15bis, c/n 1B00316) is on display at [[Canada Aviation and Space Museum]].
*An Aero S-103 (Czechoslovakian-built MiG-15bis in fighter-bomber SB variant, c/n 713133) is on display at [[Edenvale Airport]] near [[Edenvale, Ontario|Edenvale, Ontario, Canada]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.roadsideattractions.ca/popfiles/edenvale.htm |title=MiG 15 - Edenvale, Ontario, Ontario |website=www.roadsideattractions.ca |access-date=6 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304185734/http://www.roadsideattractions.ca/popfiles/edenvale.htm |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

;China: Several MiG-15s (including some in North Korean colours) are preserved at the [[China Aviation Museum]] outside Beijing.

;Cuba: A MiG-15UTI of the FAR [[Cuban Air Force|(Fuerza Aérea Revolucionaria)]] is displayed at the [[Museo del Aire (Cuba)|Museo del Aire]].

;Czech Republic
*In 2014 one two seat version of MiG-15 was restored into airworthy condition in [[Hradec Králové]].
*One Aero S-102 (Czechoslovakian-built MiG-15, c/n 231720, built 1953) is on display in [[Kbely Aviation Museum]] in [[Prague]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.vhu.cz/exhibit/stihaci-letoun-mig-15-vyr-c-231720/ | title=Vhu Praha | date=25 March 2013 | access-date=22 May 2019 | archive-date=28 October 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028223643/http://www.vhu.cz/exhibit/stihaci-letoun-mig-15-vyr-c-231720/ | url-status=live }}</ref>

;Finland
Three MiG-15UTIs survive:
* [[Päijänne Tavastia Aviation Museum]] in [[Lahti]],
* [[Hallinportti Aviation Museum]] at [[Kuorevesi]],
* [[Central Finland Aviation Museum]] in [[Jyväskylä]].
The Finnish nickname of the aircraft was ''Mukelo'' ("Ungainly"), after the FinnAF aircraft type designation code MU.

;France: [[File:Mig-15bis.jpg|thumb|Mig-15bis at [[Institut supérieur de l'aéronautique et de l'espace|'''ISAE-SUPAERO''']] in [[Toulouse]], France]]One MiG-15bis manufactured in [[Czechoslovakia]] is on display on the campus of the [[École nationale supérieure de l'aéronautique et de l'espace|ISAE-Supaero]] school in Toulouse.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.airliners.net/photo/czech-republic-air-force/mikoyan-gurevich-mig-15bis/2120860 | title=Aviation Photo #2120860: Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15bis - Czech Republic - Air Force | access-date=12 April 2017 | archive-date=13 April 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170413071001/http://www.airliners.net/photo/czech-republic-air-force/mikoyan-gurevich-mig-15bis/2120860 | url-status=live }}</ref>

;Indonesia:
Three Aero CS-102 (Czechoslovakian-built MiG-15UTI) are on display in Indonesia:
*J-754 - [[Halim Perdanakusuma International Airport|Halim Perdanakusuma Air Force Base]], [[East Jakarta]], [[Jakarta]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/AURIMigPlanePhoto/photos/kinclong-kembali-cs-102mig-15uti-czechoslovakia-version-auritni-au-j-754-kodikla/1380888562038322/ |title=Facebook |publisher=Facebook |date= |access-date=2022-03-04}}</ref>
*J-759 - Gedung Juang 45 Nganjuk, [[Nganjuk Regency]], [[East Java]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://c.mi.com/thread-2660989-1-0.html?mobile=no|title=Landmark Nganjuk Kota Angin|language=id|date=27 November 2019|website=c.mi.com|access-date=29 November 2020|archive-date=25 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225085016/https://c.mi.com/thread-2660989-1-0.html?mobile=no|url-status=live}}</ref>
*J-767 - [[Dirgantara Mandala Museum]], [[Sleman Regency]], [[Special Region of Yogyakarta]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tni-au.mil.id/portfolio/museum-pusat-tni-angkatan-udara-dirgantara-mandala/|title=Museum Pusat TNI Angkatan Udara Dirgantara Mandala|language=id|website=tni-au.mil.id|access-date=29 November 2020|archive-date=5 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201205170249/https://tni-au.mil.id/portfolio/museum-pusat-tni-angkatan-udara-dirgantara-mandala/|url-status=live}}</ref>

;Norway: MiG-15UTI "RED 18"
This aircraft is a SBLim-2 (Polish-built MiG-15UTI), produced by WSK-Mielec in 1952. The aircraft is operated by the Norwegian Air Force.
 
;Poland
*FlyFighterJet.com offers a SBLim-2/MiG-15UTI for adventure flights in Poland<ref>[http://www.flyfighterjet.com/fly-mig-15-in-poland The First MiG-15 Flight in Europe – Fly a legend!] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121115073655/http://www.flyfighterjet.com/fly-mig-15-in-poland/ |date=15 November 2012 }} flyfighterjet.com.</ref> 
*A MiG-15 is parked adjacent to the terminal building at what is now [[Zielona Góra Airport]], near [[Babimost]], [[Poland]], reflecting the former airport's military origins.<ref>[https://www.google.com/maps/@52.1368485,15.7776977,3a,15y,92.54h,92.93t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sRoxfd9lJTktQzsBnrBhYKw!2e0!7i13312!8i6656?hl=en Google Maps image], accessed 2018-08-28</ref>
*MiG-15 and SBLim-2 are on display at the [[Museum of Polish Military Technology]]

;Republic of Korea: 
MiG-15UTI on display at the War Memorial Museum in Seoul. 
This aircraft is a Chinese built MiG-15UTI flown by the DPRK.

;Romania:
A few Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 are on display in Romania:
*244, Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15bis, ex-FAR, at the [[National Military Museum, Romania|Army Museum]] in [[Bucharest]].
*246, Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15, ex-FAR, at the [[National Museum of Romanian Aviation|Aviation Museum]] in Bucharest.
*727, Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15, ex-FAR, at the Aviation Museum in Bucharest.
*766, Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15, ex-FAR, is preserved at [[Ianca]]
*2543, Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15UTI, ex-FAR, at the Aviation Museum in Bucharest.
*2579, Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15UTI, ex-FAR, at the Aviation Museum in Bucharest.
*2713, Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15bis, ex-FAR, at the Aviation Museum in Bucharest.
*Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15, in the front yard of Traian Vuia Lyceum in Craiova. Google maps coordinates 44.309248, 23.812195
 
;Sweden
*WSK-Mielec Lim-2 (Polish-built MiG-15bis, c/n 1B00215) is displayed at [[Swedish Air Force Museum]], Malmslätt-Linköping.

;United Kingdom:
*A WSK-Mielec Lim-2 (Polish-built MiG-15bis, c/n 1B01420) is displayed in [[North Korea]]n colours at the [[Fleet Air Arm Museum]].
*A WSK-Mielec Lim-2 (Polish-built MiG-15bis, c/n 1B01120) in Polish colours with red 1120 number is on display at [[Royal Air Force Museum Cosford]].
*An Aero S-103 (Czechoslovakian-built MiG-15bis in fighter-bomber SB variant, c/n 613677) in Czechoslovakian colours is displayed at the [[National Museum of Flight]], [[East Fortune]], [[Edinburgh]].

;United States:
[[File:MiG-15 USAF.jpg|thumb|[[No Kum-sok]]'s MiG-15 at the NMUSAF]]
[[File:Air Zoo December 2019 140 (Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15).jpg|thumb|MiG-15 at the [[Air Zoo]]]]
[[File:Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15UTI Midget LSideFront CFM 7Oct2011 (15138444730).jpg|thumb|MiG-15UTI at the [[Cavanaugh Flight Museum]]]]

* A [[Korean People's Army Air Force|North Korean]] MiG-15 (c/n 2015357, "Red 2057") is on display at the [[National Museum of the United States Air Force]] in [[Dayton, Ohio]]. This is the aircraft flown to [[Kimpo Air Base]] in [[South Korea]] on 21 September 1953 by a defecting [[North Korea]]n pilot who was given a reward of $100,000 (see above). The aircraft was repainted in USAF markings as "616" and flight-tested on [[Okinawa Prefecture|Okinawa]] and then brought to the US to be returned to its "rightful owners" (believed to be the Soviet Union, which denied participating in the Korean War).<ref name="moolah" /> When this offer was ignored, it was crated and shipped to Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in February 1954 and tested from March to October 1954 at Eglin AFB before returning to Wright-Patterson. Further evaluation continued until the aircraft was damaged in a hard landing in 1956, after which it was donated to the NMUSAF for restoration and display.<ref>''United States Air Force Museum'' 1975, p. 57.</ref> It is on display in the museum's Korean War Gallery in its original North Korean colors.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/Visit/Museum-Exhibits/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/196115/mikoyan-gurevich-mig-15bis/ |title=Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15bis | publisher=[[National Museum of the United States Air Force]] |access-date=21 September 2024 |quote=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170825191650/http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/Visit/Museum-Exhibits/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/196115/mikoyan-gurevich-mig-15bis/ |archive-date=25 August 2017|url-status=live}} "National Museum of the U.S. Air Force." Retrieved 2 February 2018</ref>
* A MiG-15 is on display at the [[National Naval Aviation Museum]], [[NAS Pensacola]], [[Florida]].<ref>[http://www.navalaviationmuseum.org/attractions/aircraft-exhibits/item/?item=mig_15 "MiG-15."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171108095455/http://www.navalaviationmuseum.org/attractions/aircraft-exhibits/item/?item=mig_15 |date=8 November 2017 }} ''National Naval Aviation Museum.'' Retrieved: 7 November 2017.</ref>
* A MiG-15 operated by the [[People's Liberation Army Air Force]] is on display at [[The Museum of Flight]] in Seattle, WA
* A MiG-15bis is on display at the [[Flying Leatherneck Aviation Museum]] located at [[Marine Corps Air Station Miramar]] in [[San Diego]], [[California]].
* A MiG-15bis, number 83227, undergoing restoration at the [[New England Air Museum]], [[Bradley International Airport]], Windsor Locks, CT.<ref>[http://www.neam.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1174 MiG-15bis 'Fagot B'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313052439/http://neam.org/index.php?id=1174&option=com_content&view=article |date=13 March 2016 }}. neam.org</ref>
*A WSK-Mielec Lim-2 (Polish-built MiG-15bis, c/n 1B01016) (FAA Reg. Number N15YY) is on display at the [[Combat Air Museum]] in Topeka, KS
*Two license-built MiG-15UTI are operated by Red Star Aviation - a WSK-Mielec SBLim-2 (Polish-built, c/n 1A03508, ex-Polish Air Force "358") on behalf of the US Naval Test Pilot School located at Patuxent River Naval Air Station and an Avia CS-102 (Czechoslovakian-built, ex-Romanian AF) on behalf of the US Air Force Test Pilot School located at Edwards Air Force Base. These aircraft are used to train test pilots from the US and other nations sending students to the two schools.
*A MiG-15 is located at the [[Southern Museum of Flight]], [[Birmingham–Shuttlesworth International Airport]], [[Birmingham, Alabama]].
*A Chinese version of the MiG-15bis is on display at the [[Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center]], [[Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum]] at [[Washington Dulles International Airport]], Virginia<ref>[http://airandspace.si.edu/collections/artifact.cfm?id=A19860066000 "Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 (Ji-2) Fagot B."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151220195312/http://airandspace.si.edu/collections/artifact.cfm?id=A19860066000 |date=20 December 2015 }} ''Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum.'' Retrieved: 13 September 2015.</ref>
*A WSK-Mielec SBLim-2 (Polish-built MiG-15UTI, c/n 1A06027, ex-Polish Air Force "627") is on display at the [[Valiant Air Command Warbird Museum]], Titusville, Florida<ref>[http://www.vacwarbirds.net/warbird-museum/vac-aircraft-inventory/ "VAC Aircraft Inventory."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150729082314/http://www.vacwarbirds.net/warbird-museum/vac-aircraft-inventory/ |date=29 July 2015 }} ''Valiant Air Command Warbird Museum.'' Retrieved: 13 September 2015.</ref>
*A WSK-Mielec SBLim-2 (Polish-built MiG-15UTI, c/n 1A03506, ex-Polish Air Force "306") is on display at the Minnesota Air National Guard Museum, [[Minneapolis–St. Paul International Airport]], Minnesota<ref>[http://mnangmuseum.org/exhibits/mig-15/ "MiG-15 MIDGET".] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107223845/http://mnangmuseum.org/exhibits/mig-15/ |date=7 November 2017 }} ''Minnesota Air National Guard Museum''. Retrieved: 13 September 2015.</ref>
*A MiG-15 is on static display at the Commemorative Air Force Museum in Mesa, Arizona<ref>[http://www.azcaf.org/aircraft/displays/mikoyan-gurevich-mig-15-bis-and-uti-trainer/ "Mikoyan & Gurevich MiG 15 bis and UTI Trainer".] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821163646/https://www.azcaf.org/aircraft/displays/mikoyan-gurevich-mig-15-bis-and-uti-trainer/ |date=21 August 2016 }} ''Commemorative Air Force''. Retrieved: 18 October 2016.</ref>
*North Korean MiG-15 "079" under restoration at Palm Springs Air Museum, Palm Springs, California
*A MiG-15 is on display at the [[Naval Air Station Wildwood Aviation Museum]] at Cape May airport in Cape May, New Jersey
*Soviet built MiG-15bis serial #2292 built in 1954 and supplied to China as a J-2 is on indoor display at the Oakland Aviation Museum Oakland, California.
*2 MiG-15s, in flyable condition at Western Sky Aviation Warbird Museum in St. George, Utah.
*A WSK-Mielec Lim-2 (Polish-built MiG-15bis, c/n 1B01621, ex-Polish Air Force "1621") is on display at the [[Air Zoo]] in Kalamazoo, Michigan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 |url=https://www.airzoo.org/cold-warjet-age/airplanes-6/mig15 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=Air Zoo |archive-date=22 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220522101226/https://www.airzoo.org/cold-warjet-age/airplanes-6/mig15 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Specifications (MiG-15''bis'')==
[[File:Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 3-view.svg|thumb|MiG-15 drawing]]
{{Aircraft specs
|ref=OKB Mikoyan,<ref name=Gordonmig>{{cite book|last1=Gordon|first1=Yefim|title=OKB Mikoyan|year=2009|publisher=Midland Publishing |location=Hinkley |isbn=978-1-85780-307-5 |first2=Dmitry |last2=Komissarov}}</ref> MiG: Fifty Years of Secret Aircraft Design{{sfn|Belyakov|Marmain|1994|pp=138-142}}
|prime units?=met
<!--
        General characteristics
-->
|crew=1
|length m=10.102
|length note=
|span m=10.085
|span note=
|height m=3.7
|height note=
|wing area sqm=20.6
|wing area note=
|aspect ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->
|airfoil='''root:''' TsAGI S-10; '''tip:''' TsAGI SR-3<ref name="Selig">{{cite web |last1=Lednicer |first1=David |title=The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage |url=https://m-selig.ae.illinois.edu/ads/aircraft.html |website=m-selig.ae.illinois.edu |access-date=16 April 2019 |archive-date=5 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130905115027/https://m-selig.ae.illinois.edu/ads/aircraft.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|empty weight kg=3681
|empty weight note=
|gross weight kg=5044
|gross weight note=
|max takeoff weight kg=6106
|max takeoff weight note=with 2x{{cvt|600|L|USgal impgal}} [[drop-tank]]s
|fuel capacity={{cvt|1420|L|USgal impgal}} internal
|more general=
<!--
        Powerplant
-->
|eng1 number=1
|eng1 name=[[Klimov VK-1]]
|eng1 type=centrifugal-flow [[turbojet]]
|eng1 kw=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng1 hp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng1 shp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng1 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng1 lbf=5950
|eng1 note=
<!--
        Performance
-->
|max speed kmh=1076
|max speed note= at sea level
::::{{cvt|1107|km/h|mph kn}} / M0.9 at {{cvt|3000|m}} 
|max speed mach=0.87 at sea level
|cruise speed kmh=850
|cruise speed note= Mach 0.69
|stall speed kmh=
|stall speed note=
|never exceed speed kmh=
|never exceed speed note=
|range km=
|range note=
|combat range km=
|combat range note=
|ferry range km=2520
|ferry range note=at {{cvt|12000|m}} with 2x{{cvt|600|L|USgal impgal}} [[drop-tank]]s
|endurance=<!-- if range unknown -->
|ceiling m=15500
|ceiling note=
|g limits=<!-- aerobatic -->
|roll rate=<!-- aerobatic -->
|climb rate ms=51.2
|climb rate note=
|time to altitude=
|wing loading kg/m2=296.4
|wing loading note=
|fuel consumption kg/km=
|thrust/weight=0.54

|more performance=
<!--
        Armament
-->
|guns=<br />
**2 × [[23×115mm|23 mm]] [[Nudelman-Rikhter NR-23]] [[autocannon]] in the lower left fuselage (80 rounds per gun, 160 rounds total)
**1 × 37 mm [[Nudelman N-37]] autocannon in the lower right fuselage (40 rounds total)
|avionics=
|hardpoints=2
|hardpoint bombs={{convert|100|kg|lb|abbr=on}} bombs
|hardpoint other= drop tanks, or unguided rockets
}}

==See also==
{{aircontent|
|related=
* [[Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17]]
* [[Raduga KS-1 Komet]]
|similar aircraft=
* [[Arsenal VG 70]]
* [[Canadair Sabre]] 
* [[Dassault Ouragan]]
* [[FMA IAe 33 Pulqui II]]
* [[Grumman F9F Panther]]
* [[Hawker P.1052]]
* [[Lavochkin La-15]]
* [[McDonnell F2H Banshee]]
* [[North American F-86 Sabre]]
* [[Saab 29 Tunnan]]
* [[Supermarine Attacker]]
* [[Yakovlev Yak-30 (1948)]]
|lists=
*[[List of military aircraft of the Soviet Union and the CIS]]
*[[List of fighter aircraft]]
|see also=
* [[Boeing B-29 Superfortress]]
* [[Clement Attlee]]
* [[Stafford Cripps]]
* [[Artem Mikoyan]]
}}

==References==
{{Page numbers needed|date=February 2011}}

===Notes===
{{notelist|group=N}}

===Citations===
{{reflist}}

===Bibliography===
* {{cite book |last1=Belyakov |first1=R. A. |last2=Marmain |first2=J. |title=MiG: Fifty Years of Secret Aircraft Design |year=1994 |location=Shrewsbury, UK |publisher=Airlife Publishing |isbn=1-85310-488-4}}
* Butowski, Piotr (with Jay Miller). ''OKB MiG: A History of the Design Bureau and its Aircraft''. Earl Shilton, Leicester, UK: Midland Counties Publications, 1991. {{ISBN|0-904597-80-6}}.
* {{cite magazine |last=Butowski |first=Piotr |title=Poland's MiGs: The story of the Lim family |magazine=[[Air Enthusiast]] |issue= 49 |date=March–May 1993 |pages=16–35 |issn=0143-5450 |ref={{harvid|Butowski ''Air Enthusiast'' 1993}} }}
* {{cite book |last1=Cooper |first1=Tom |title=Hot Skies Over Yemen, Volume 1: Aerial Warfare Over the South Arabian Peninsula, 1962-1994 |date=2017 |publisher=Helion & Company Publishing |location=Solihull, UK |isbn=978-1-912174-23-2}}
* {{cite book |last1=Cooper |first1=Tom |last2=Grandolini |first2=Albert |title=Showdown in Western Sahara, Volume 1: Air Warfare over the Last African Colony, 1945-1975 |date=2018 |publisher=Helion & Company Publishing |location=Warwick, UK |isbn=978-1-912390-35-9}}
* {{cite book |last1=Cooper |first1=Tom |last2=Weinert |first2=Peter |last3=Hinz |first3=Fabian |last4=Lepko |first4=Mark |title=African MiGs, Volume 2: Madagascar to Zimbabwe |date=2011 |publisher=Harpia Publishing |location=Houston |isbn=978-0-9825539-8-5}}
* Davis, Larry. ''4th Fighter Wing in the Korean War''. Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Publishing, 2001. {{ISBN|978-0-7643-1315-8}}.
* Davis, Larry. ''MiG Alley Air to Air Combat over Korea''. Warren, Michigan: Squadron/Signal Publications Inc., 1978. {{ISBN|0-89747-081-8}}.
* Doran, Jamie and [[Piers Bizony]]. ''Starman: The Truth Behind the Legend of Yuri Gagarin''. London: Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 1998. {{ISBN|0-7475-3688-0}}.
* Dorr, Robert F., Jon Lake and Warren Thompson. ''Korean War Aces''(Aircraft of the Aces). London: Osprey Publishing, 1995. {{ISBN|978-1-85532-501-2}}.
* Fitzsimons, Bernard, ed. "MiGs." ''Modern Fighting Aircraft.'' Fallbrook, California: Arco Publishing, 1985. {{ISBN|0-668-06070-0}}
* {{cite book |last=Gordon |first=Yefim |title=Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15: The Soviet Union's Long-Lived Korean War Fighter |year=2001 |location=Hinkley, UK |publisher=Midland Publishing |isbn=1-85780-105-9}}
* Gordon, Yefim and Peter Davison. ''Mikoyan Gurevich MiG-15 Fagot (WarbirdTech Volume 40)''. North Branch, Minnesota: Speciality Press, 2005. {{ISBN|1-58007-081-7}}.
* {{cite book |last1=Gordon |first1=Yefim |last2=Rigmant |first2=Vladimir |title=Warbird History: MiG-15 – Design, Development, and Korean War Combat History |year=1993 |location=Osceola, Wisconsin, US |publisher=Motorbooks International Publishers |isbn=0-87938-793-9}}
* Gordon, Yefim et al. ''MiG-15 Fagot, all variants'' (bilingual Czech/English). Prague 10-Strašnice: MARK I Ltd., 1997. {{ISBN|80-900708-6-8}}.
* {{cite book |last1=Gordon |first1=Yefim |last2=Komissarov |first2=Dmitry |title=Chinese Aircraft: China's Aviation Industry since 1951 |year=2008 |location=Manchester, UK |publisher=Hikoki Publications |isbn=9-781902-109046}}
* Gunston, Bill. ''The Osprey Encyclopedia of Russian Aircraft: 1875–1995''. London: Osprey Aerospace, 1996. {{ISBN|1-85532-405-9}}.
* {{Cite book |last1=Gunston |first1=Bill |author1-link=Bill Gunston |last2=Gordon |first2=Yefim |title=MiG Aircraft since 1937  |year=1998|location=London|publisher=Putnam Aeronautical Books  |isbn=0-85177-884-4 }}
* Higham, Robin, John T. Greenwood and Von Hardesty. ''Russian Aviation and Air Power in the Twentieth Century''. London: Frank Cass, 1998. {{ISBN|978-0-7146-4380-9}}.
* Karnas, Dariusz. ''Mikojan Gurievitch MiG-15''. Sandomierz, Poland/Redbourn, UK: Mushroom Model Publications, 2004. {{ISBN|978-83-89450-05-0}}.
* Krylov, Leonid and Yuriy Tepsurkaev. [https://web.archive.org/web/20081206092118/http://www.korean-war.com/ussraircombat.html "Combat Episodes of the Korean War".] ''Mir Aviatsiya'' (Translation to English language by Stephen L. Sewell), 1–97, pp.&nbsp;38–44. Retrieved: 29 March 2009.
* Krylov, Leonid and Yuriy Tepsurkaev. ''Soviet MiG-15 Aces of the Korean War''. Botley, Oxford, UK: Osprey Publications, 2008. {{ISBN|1-84603-299-7}}.
* Kum-Suk, No and Roger J. Osterholm. ''A MiG-15 to Freedom''. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Co. Publishers, 1996. {{ISBN|0-7864-0210-5}}.
* Mesko, Jim. ''Air War over Korea''. Carrollton, Texas: Squadron/Signal Publications Inc., 2000. {{ISBN|0-89747-415-5}}.
* Nicolle, David. ''Phoenix over the Nile: A History of Egyptian Air Power 1932–1994 (Smithsonian History of Aviation & Spaceflight)''. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian, 1996. {{ISBN|1-56098-626-3}}.
*{{cite magazine |last=Nicolle |first=David |title=Suez: The Other Side: Part Two |magazine=Air Enthusiast |date=July–August 2004 |issue=112 |pp=48–57 |issn=0143-5450}}
*{{cite journal|title=Pentagon Over the Islands: The Thirty-Year History of Indonesian Military Aviation|journal=Air Enthusiast Quarterly |date=n.d. |issue=2 |pages=154–162 |issn=0143-5450}}
* Seydov, Igor and Askold German. ''Krasnye Dyaboly na 38-oy Parallel''. EKSMO, Russia. 1998.
* Stapfer, Hans-Heiri. ''MiG-15 Fagot Walk Around (Walk Around 40)''. Carrollton, Texas: Squadron/Signal Publications Inc., 2006. {{ISBN|0-89747-495-3}}.
* {{Cite book |last=Stapfer |first=Hans-Heiri |title=MiG-15 in action (Aircraft number 116) |year=1991 |location=Carrollton, Texas, US |publisher=Squadron/Signal |isbn=0-89747-264-0}}
* Sweetman, Bill and Bill Gunston. ''Soviet Air Power: An Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Warsaw Pact Air Forces Today''. London: Salamander Books, 1978. {{ISBN|0-517-24948-0}}.
* Thompson, Warren E. and David R. McLaren. ''MiG Alley: Sabres vs. MiGs over Korea''. North Branch, Minnesota: Specialty Press, 2002. {{ISBN|978-1-58007-058-4}}.
* ''United States Air Force Museum Guidebook''. Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio: Air Force Museum Foundation, 1975.
* Werrell, Kenneth. ''Sabres Over MiG Alley: The F-86 and the Battle for Air Superiority in Korea''. Annapolis, Maryland: U.S. Naval Institute Press, 2005. {{ISBN|978-1-59114-933-0}}.
* Wilson, Stewart. ''Legends of the Air 1: F-86 Sabre, MiG-15 and Hawker Hunter''. London: Aerospace Publications Pty Ltd., 2003. {{ISBN|1-875671-12-9}}.
* Yeager, Chuck and Leo Janos. ''Yeager: An Autobiography''. New York: Bantam Books, 1986. {{ISBN|0-553-25674-2}}.
* {{cite magazine |last=Zaloga |first=Steven J. |title=The Russians in MiG Alley |magazine=Air Force Magazine |volume=74 |issue=2 |date=February 1991 |pages=74–77 |url=https://www.airandspaceforces.com/app/uploads/1991/02/Feb1991.pdf}}
* Zhang, Xiaoming. ''Red Wings over the Yalu: China, the Soviet Union, and the Air War in Korea (Texas A&M University Military History Series)''. College Station, Texas: Texas A&M University, 2002. {{ISBN|978-1-58544-201-0}}.

==External links==
{{Commons category|Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15}}
* [http://www.infoplease.com/spot/mig15.html Noland, David. Fighter Planes: MiG-15. The Air Power of the Evil Empire]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120510174604/http://www.vectorsite.net/avmig15.html The Mikoyan MiG-15 at Greg Goebel's AIR VECTORS]
* [http://www.warbirdalley.com/mig15.htm Warbird Alley: MiG-15 page- Information about privately owned MiG-15s]
* [http://www.wio.ru/korea/korea-a.htm MiG-15 in Korea]
* [http://www.globalaircraft.org/planes/mig-15_fagot.pl MiG-15 Fagot at Global Aircraft]
* [https://fas.org/nuke/guide/russia/airdef/mig-15.htm MiG-15 Fagot at FAS]
* [http://urrib2000.narod.ru/EqMiG15-e.html Cuban MiG-15]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20101119035909/http://aviationclassics.com/ACL/Warbirds.html MiG Alley USA, Aviation Classics, Ltd Reno, Nevada]

{{Navboxes
|title=Articles and topics related to the Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15
|state=collapsed
|list1=
{{MiG-15 family}}
{{Mikoyan aircraft}}
{{PZL aircraft}}
{{PRC fighters}}
{{PRC trainers}}
{{Czech fighters}}
{{Czech trainer aircraft}}
{{USAF/DoD reporting names}}
}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mikoyan-Gurevich Mig-15}}
[[Category:Mikoyan aircraft|MiG-015]]
[[Category:1940s Soviet fighter aircraft]]
[[Category:1940s Soviet military trainer aircraft|MiG-015UTI]]
[[Category:Single-engined jet aircraft]]
[[Category:Cruciform tail aircraft]]
[[Category:Mid-wing aircraft]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1947]]
[[Category:Kharkiv Aviation Factory aircraft]]