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N-acetyltransferase 2

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Template:PBB N-acetyltransferase 2 (arylamine N-acetyltransferase), also known as NAT2, is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the NAT2 gene.[1]

Function

This gene encodes a type of N-acetyltransferase. The NAT2 isozyme functions to both activate and deactivate arylamine and hydrazine drugs and carcinogens. Polymorphisms in this gene are responsible for the N-acetylation polymorphism in which human populations segregate into rapid, intermediate, and slow acetylator phenotypes. Polymorphisms in NAT2 are also associated with higher incidences of cancer and drug toxicity. A second arylamine N-acetyltransferase gene (NAT1) is located near NAT2.[2]

Phenotype prediction

The NAT2 acetylator phenotype can be inferred from NAT2 genotype (a combination of SNPs observed in a given individual).[3][4][5][6]

References

  1. ^ Vatsis KP, Weber WW, Bell DA, Dupret JM, Evans DA, Grant DM, Hein DW, Lin HJ, Meyer UA, Relling MV (February 1995). "Nomenclature for N-acetyltransferases". Pharmacogenetics. 5 (1): 1–17. doi:10.1097/00008571-199502000-00001. PMID 7773298.
  2. ^ "Entrez Gene: NAT2 N-acetyltransferase 2 (arylamine N-acetyltransferase)".
  3. ^ "NAT2PRED: a computational predictor of the human N-AcetylTransferase-2 (NAT2) acetylator phenotype". State University of New York – Albany. Retrieved 2009-04-30. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  4. ^ Kuznetsov IB, McDuffie M, Moslehi R (May 2009). "A web server for inferring the human N-acetyltransferase-2 (NAT2) enzymatic phenotype from NAT2 genotype". Bioinformatics. 25 (9): 1185–6. doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btp121. PMC 2672629. PMID 19261719.
  5. ^ Agúndez JA (2008). "Polymorphisms of human N-acetyltransferases and cancer risk". Curr. Drug Metab. 9 (6): 520–31. doi:10.2174/138920008784892083. PMID 18680472.
  6. ^ Agúndez JA (2008). "N-acetyltransferases: lessons learned from eighty years of research". Curr. Drug Metab. 9 (6): 463–4. doi:10.2174/138920008784892146. PMID 18680465.

Further reading

  • Vatsis KP, Weber WW, Bell DA, Dupret JM, Evans DA, Grant DM, Hein DW, Lin HJ, Meyer UA, Relling MV (1995). "Nomenclature for N-acetyltransferases". Pharmacogenetics. 5 (1): 1–17. doi:10.1097/00008571-199502000-00001. PMID 7773298.
  • Windmill KF, McKinnon RA, Zhu X, Gaedigk A, Grant DM, McManus ME (1997). "The role of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in arylamine toxicity and carcinogenesis: functional and localization studies". Mutat. Res. 376 (1–2): 153–60. doi:10.1016/S0027-5107(97)00038-9. PMID 9202751.
  • Lan Q, Rothman N, Chow WH, Lissowska J, Doll MA, Xiao GH, Zatonski W, Hein DW (2003). "No apparent association between NAT1 and NAT2 genotypes and risk of stomach cancer". Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 12 (4): 384–6. PMID 12692115.
  • Ochs-Balcom HM, Wiesner G, Elston RC (2007). "A meta-analysis of the association of N-acetyltransferase 2 gene (NAT2) variants with breast cancer". Am. J. Epidemiol. 166 (3): 246–54. doi:10.1093/aje/kwm066. PMID 17535831.
  • Sanderson S, Salanti G, Higgins J (2007). "Joint effects of the N-acetyltransferase 1 and 2 (NAT1 and NAT2) genes and smoking on bladder carcinogenesis: a literature-based systematic HuGE review and evidence synthesis". Am. J. Epidemiol. 166 (7): 741–51. doi:10.1093/aje/kwm167. PMID 17675654.


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