Naphthol Red

Naphthol Red
Names
	IUPAC name 4-(2-(4-carbamoylphenyl)hydrazono)-N-(2-ethoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-3,4-dihydronaphthalene-2-carboxamide
	Other names C.I. 12475; C.I. Pigment Red 170
Identifiers
CAS Number	2786-76-7 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	4514376 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.018.645
PubChem CID	5359812;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID7029243 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C26H22N4O4/c1-2-34-22-10-6-5-9-21(22)28-26(33)20-15-17-7-3-4-8-19(17)23(24(20)31)30-29-18-13-11-16(12-14-18)25(27)32/h3-15,29H,2H2,1H3,(H2,27,32)(H,28,33)/b30-23- Key: PYUYQYBDJFMFTH-WMMMYUQOSA-N ;
	SMILES O=C1C(C(NC2=CC=CC=C2OCC)=O)=CC3=CC=CC=C3/C1=N/NC4=CC=C(C(N)=O)C=C4;
Properties
Chemical formula	C26H22N4O4
Molar mass	454.486 g·mol−1
Density	1.317 g/ml
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Naphthol Red (Pigment red 170 or PR170) is an organic pigment extensively used in automotive coatings and painting.

It is produced synthetically by converting p-aminobenzamide into the corresponding diazonium compound followed by diazotation with 3-hydroxy-2-naphththoic acid (2-ethoxy)anilide ("Naphtol AS-PH" dye precursor).

In the solid state the hydrazo tautomer forms and several crystal structures exist. In the initial α polymorph the molecules are arranged in a herringbone pattern with extensive hydrogen bonding. The φ polymorph is more dense and more stable and produced industrially by thermal treatment in water at 130°C under pressure. In this phase the molecules are planar and arranged in layers. Extensive hydrogen bonding exists within the layer but between layers the only interactions are Van der Waals forces. Dense crystal structures are preferred for pigments used in coatings because in the event of photochemical decomposition the fragments are locked in place and are able to recombine. Research shows that by replacing the ethoxy group in this compound by a methoxy group the crystal structure is less stable and in the final application and the color fades more easily. By careful selection of substituents it is possible to optimize crystal structure and improve optical properties ^[1].

References

^ Crystal Structures of Pigment Red 170 and Derivatives, as Determined by X-ray Powder Diffraction Martin U. Schmidt, Detlef W. M. Hofmann, Christian Buchsbaum, Hans Joachim Metz, Angewandte Chemie International Edition Volume 45, Issue 8, Pages 1313 - 1317 2006 Abstract